摘要:
A wavelength path reallocation method in a path reallocation apparatus for reallocating a wavelength path set in a communication network, including: a wavelength path designing step in which a wavelength path designing unit designs a reallocation destination wavelength path by performing calculation such that the number of use frequency regions in the communication network becomes smaller than a corresponding value before reallocation; and a wavelength path setting step in which a wavelength path setting unit changes a reallocation target wavelength path to the reallocation destination wavelength path by using free wavelength.
摘要:
A bandwidth variable communication method is provided that enables effective use of frequency bandwidths in which the bit rate is constant in every optical path. The bandwidth variable communication method includes, when a network management apparatus sets or changes an optical path that passes through plural communication apparatuses, measuring or obtaining an optical signal quality deterioration amount in a route of the optical path; selecting a modulation format in which a spectrum bandwidth is the narrowest from among modulation formats by which transmission is available on conditions of the optical signal quality deterioration amount and a desired bit rate B (bit/s); and exchanging control information between the network management apparatus and a control unit of each communication apparatus on the optical path route. A bandwidth variable communication apparatus receives the control information, and changes a passband based on the received control information.
摘要:
A transmission system comprising: an error correction encoding agent which converts an input data sequence into a coded data sequence constituted of an error correction code and coded data; a data distribution agent which divides encoded data sequence from the error correction encoding agent, in a predetermined processing unit and combines the divided data sequences with a plurality of transmission routes; a data combining agent which combines signal sequences from the respective transmission routes and decodes encoded data sequence; an error correction decoding agent which applies error correction to and decodes encoded data sequence from the data combining agent and outputs the input data sequence; and an agent for configuration in which a redundancy in the error correction encoding agent and a degree of splitting of encoded data sequence in the data distribution agent are set.
摘要:
A wavelength path reallocation method in a path reallocation apparatus for reallocating a wavelength path set in a communication network, including: a wavelength path designing step in which a wavelength path designing unit designs a reallocation destination wavelength path by performing calculation such that the number of use frequency regions in the communication network becomes smaller than a corresponding value before reallocation; and a wavelength path setting step in which a wavelength path setting unit changes a reallocation target wavelength path to the reallocation destination wavelength path by using free wavelength.
摘要:
A surface of a sapphire (0001) substrate is processed to form recesses and protrusions so that protrusion tops are flat and a given plane-view pattern is provided. An initial-stage AlN layer is grown on the surface of the sapphire (0001) substrate having recesses and protrusions by performing a C+ orientation control so that a C+ oriented AlN layer is grown on flat surfaces of the protrusion tops, excluding edges, in such a thickness that the recesses are not completely filled and the openings of the recesses are not closed. An AlxGayN(0001) layer (1≧x>0, x+y=1) is epitaxially grown on the initial-stage AlN layer by a lateral overgrowth method. The recesses are covered with the AlxGayN(0001) layer laterally overgrown from above the protrusion tops. Thus, an template for epitaxial growth having a fine and flat surface and a reduced threading dislocation density is produced.
摘要翻译:处理蓝宝石(0001)基板的表面以形成凹部和突起,使得凸起顶部是平坦的,并且提供给定的平面视图图案。 通过进行C +取向控制,在具有凹凸的蓝宝石(0001)基板的表面上生长初始阶段的AlN层,使得C +取向的AlN层生长在突出顶部的平坦表面上,不包括边缘 凹部未被完全填充且凹部的开口未被封闭的厚度。 通过横向过度生长法在初始阶段AlN层上外延生长Al x Ga y N(0001)层(1≥x> 0,x + y = 1)。 这些凹槽被从突起顶部上方横向长满的AlxGayN(0001)层覆盖。 因此,产生具有细小平坦表面和减少穿透位错密度的外延生长的模板。
摘要:
A red-colored film in which when an elliptically polarized light is incident on the film in a direction 45° aslant from a normal line direction with respect to a surface of the film, a light transmitted through the film has an average amplitude transmittance ratio (av. tan Ψ) in a wavelength region of 575 to 635 nm, which satisfies the following equation (1): 0.960
摘要:
A red-colored film in which when an elliptically polarized light is incident on the film in a direction 45° aslant from a normal line direction with respect to a surface of the film, a light transmitted through the film has an average amplitude transmittance ratio (av. tan Ψ) in a wavelength region of 575 to 635 nm, which satisfies the following equation (1): 0.960
摘要:
An electrophotographic photosensitive element is here disclosed which comprises a conductive substrate and at least a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive substrate, the electrophotographic photosensitive element being characterized in that the photosensitive layer contains, as a charge transport material, a compound represented by the formula (1), (2) or (3) ##STR1##
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a process for manufacturing glass with functional coating by the steps of: 1) forming a film on a predetermined portion of a glass plate by screen-printing or flexographic printing of a liquid for forming functional coating which contains therein a metal oxide material; and 2) baking said printed film simultaneously while heating the glass plate for the bending treatment and/or tempering treatment, to thereby form the functional coating containing the metal oxide as the principal constituent.Disclosed also is a process for manufacturing glass with functional coating as a combiner for head-up display, wherein, after forming the functional coating by baking the printed film simultaneously during bending and/or tempering of the glass plate, as in the above-mentioned process, the glass plate with the functional coating thereon is joined together with another sheet of glass plate with interposition of a plastic intermediate film between them in a manner that the functional coating is exposed outside to thereby obtain a laminated glass plate.
摘要:
A television system (for example) may transmit a stream of signals in the form of successive binary words. The signal transmission channel may be used much more efficiently if these binary words are compressed by a reduction of the signal bits before transmission or expanded after transmission in order to reconstitute the original signal. Regardless of why the signals are compressed, the invention improves the transmission quality by sending a combination of fixed length and variable length binary words. This is done by providing a fixed length signal converter in parallel with a variable length signal converter. A decision-making circuit separates the successive binary words responsive to logical decision-making rules relating to an average length word. A selector switch selects between the outputs of the two converters responsive to the logical decisions. Stated another way, one converter is used for signal words which are longer than average and the other converter is used for signal words which are shorter than average so that the combination causes all signals to have an average number of bits which is much less than the original number of bits.