摘要:
In a current source circuit, a first and a second PNP transistor have commoned base electrodes, their emitters being connected through resistors to the positive supply voltage terminal. The collector lead of the first transistor includes a current source, which supplies a current which is reproduced at the output terminal. The commoned base electrodes are driven by a third transistor connected as an emitter follower, its emitter lead including a current source. The base of the third transistor is connected through a resistor to the positive supply voltage terminal as a result of which supply voltage variations appear also at the commoned bases of the first and second transistors so that the output current at the output terminal is substantially independent of supply voltage variations. A differential amplifier comprising fourth and fifth transistors, in which the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor and the base of the fifth transistor is connected to a reference voltage, controls the voltage at the base of the third transistor so that the collector current of the first transistor is substantially equal to the current of the current source.
摘要:
To prevent breakdown of an insulating layer located underneath a gate electrode, the gate electrode is connected to an external terminal via a high-ohmic resistor. The high-ohmic resistor may form part of a resistive network for biasing voltages for a plurality of gate electrodes. The resistive network may be realised partly on the insulating layer.
摘要:
A semiconductor device with at least one programmable memory cell which includes a bipolar transistor (T.sub.1) with an emitter (11) and a collector (12) of a first conductivity type and a base (10) of a second, opposite conductivity type. The emitter (11) and collector (12) are coupled to a first supply line (100) and a second supply line (200), respectively. The base (10) is coupled to writing means (WRITE) through a control transistor (T.sub.2). Reading means (READ) are included in a current path (I) which extends between the first supply line (100) and the second supply line (200) and which includes a current path between the emitter (11) and collector (12). In a preferred embodiment, the collector (12) is in addition coupled to the second supply line (200) via a switchable load (T.sub.5).
摘要:
A reference generator includes a first, a second and an additional third current mirror for generating both a reference output current and a reference output voltage. As the reference output voltage only depends on the gate-source voltages of transistors which are fed with a constant current, the reference output voltage has a constant value and is substantially independent of the ambient temperature.
摘要:
A linear-gain amplifier arrangement comprises a current amplifying cell consisting of field-effect transistors and comprising a first (M1, M3) and a second (M2, M4current-mirror circuit whose respective input transistors (M1; M2) and output transistors (M3; M4) constitute a first and a second differential pair. The input transistors (M1; M2) have their drain electrodes connected to voltage-current converter (V/I) made up of field-effect transistors. The V/I converter supplies difference currents (I.sub.in1 ; I.sub.in2) which are square-law functions of the input voltage (U.sub.in) to be amplified. The difference between these input currents is a linear function of the input voltage. When the transistors are operated in their saturation regions the difference between the output currents (I.sub.out1 ; I.sub.out2) is also a linear function of the input voltage (U.sub.in). By adding a direct voltage (V.sub.c) to the gate-source voltage of the input and output transistors or by adding a direct current (I.sub.c) to the respective input currents (I.sub.in1 ; I.sub.in2) the gain can be varied without a change in bandwidth. When the arrangement is constructed as an integrated semiconductor circuit its gain can be made immune to temperature variations and tolerances in the fabrication process.
摘要:
The first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor of an amplifier arrangement are push-pull driven by means of a drive circuit (10) having two transistors (T.sub.11, T.sub.12) which are each loaded by a current source (T.sub.13, T.sub.14). Currents which are a measure of the currents flowing through the first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor are generated by first (20) and second (30) current measuring means. These currents are applied to a control circuit (40) which controls the current intensity of the current sources (T.sub.13, T.sub.14) in such a way that the harmonic mean value of the currents flowing through the first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor is substantially equal to a reference value.
摘要:
The first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor of an amplifier arrangement are push-pull driven by means of a drive circuit (10) having two transistors (T.sub.11, T.sub.12) which are each loaded by a current source (T.sub.13, T.sub.14). Currents which are a measure of the currents flowing through the first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor are generated by first (20) and second (30) current measuring means. These currents are applied to a negative feedback means (40) which controls the current intensity of the current sources (T.sub.13, T.sub.14) in such a way that the harmonic mean value of the currents flowing through the first (T.sub.1) and the second (T.sub.2) output transistor is substantially equal to a reference value.
摘要:
A reading circuit comprises a first and second cascode circuit and a first and second current mirror. The first cascode circuit can be connected to a bit line of a memory cell and the second cascode circuit can be connected to a reference bit line of a reference cell. The first output terminals of the first and second cascode circuits are connected to first terminals of the first and second current mirrors, respectively. The second output terminals of the first and second cascode circuits are connected to the second terminals of the second and first current mirrors, respectively. A tri-state buffer is coupled between the second terminals of the first and second current mirrors said buffer having bit invert capabilities.
摘要:
A cathode ray tube device in which two deflection yokes and two electron guns are used, but in which only one shadow mask is used. Image uniformity is obtained by creating a partial overlap of the two images created by the two yokes.
摘要:
A memory in an integrated circuit contains a current sense amplifier. The current sense amplifier contains a first and second input transistor with cross-coupled gates and drains, each transistor having a source coupled to a respective memory bit line. The current from the drains of the first and second input transistor is guided to source-drain channels of the first and second load transistor respectively. The drains of the first and second input transistor are coupled to a common node via source-gate links of the first and second load transistor respectively. The gate/source voltage drops of the first and second load transistor are arranged in a direction opposite to a direction of gate/source voltage drops of the first and second input transistor between the complementary bit lines and the common node.