公开(公告)号：US06375876B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09869153

申请日：2001-09-04

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： B29C6500

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  C08J9/28

摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure compared to the support structure, via a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin in a solvent system consisting of a compound A and a compound B is extruded to form a shaped object. Compound A is a weak solvent and compound B a non-solvent for the polymer. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a solid or liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve or react chemically with the polymer at temperatures up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place.

摘要翻译： 通过热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制备具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水聚烯烃膜和具有比载体结构更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃在由化合物A和化合物B组成的溶剂体系中的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 化合物A是弱溶剂，化合物B是聚合物的非溶剂。 离开模具后，使用固体或液体冷却介质冷却成型物体，该固体或液体冷却介质在高达模具温度的温度下不与聚合物溶解或化学反应，直到高分子量含量相的相分离和凝固 地点。

公开(公告)号：US4612688A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US714408

申请日：1985-03-21

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D06N3/14 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  D06M15/568 ,  D06M101/00 ,  D06M101/16 ,  D06M101/30 ,  D06M101/32 ,  D06M101/34 ,  D04H1/46

CPC分类号： D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  Y10T428/2395 ,  Y10T428/23986 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/2924 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/2893 ,  Y10T442/633

摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, themulticomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-molecular glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the roomtemperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.

摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇（特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低分子量二醇）作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的凝胶化温度高于室温并高于凝固浴的温度 ; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。

公开(公告)号：US20050145107A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US10502346

申请日：2003-01-08

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： A61M1/18 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B29C67/20

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2323/38 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  B29C67/202

摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure, using a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin is extruded to form a shaped object. The solvent used is one for which the demixing temperature of a solution of 25% by weight of the polyolefin in this solvent is 10 to 70° C. above the solidification temperature. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve the polymer up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 30% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and with on average isotropic pores, and on at least one of its surfaces a separation layer with pores

摘要翻译： 使用热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制造具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水性聚烯烃膜和具有更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 使用的溶剂是在该溶剂中25重量％聚烯烃的溶液的分层温度高于固化温度10-70℃的溶剂。 在离开模具之后，使用不溶解聚合物直至模具温度的液体冷却介质来冷却成型物体，直到发生高分子含量相的相分离和凝固。 以这种方式生产的整体不对称膜具有大于30体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，不具有大孔和平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，并且在其至少一个 表面具有<100nm孔径的分离层（如果有的话）。 膜优选用于气体分离或气体转移过程，特别是用于血液氧合。

公开(公告)号：US5837234A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US488317

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Frank T. Gentile ,  Shelley R. Winn ,  Michael Lysaght ,  Ulrich Baurmeister ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Henning Rottger

发明人： Frank T. Gentile ,  Shelley R. Winn ,  Michael Lysaght ,  Ulrich Baurmeister ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Henning Rottger

IPC分类号： A61K9/00 ,  A61K9/52 ,  A61K35/12 ,  A61K35/22 ,  A61K35/23 ,  A61K35/33 ,  A61K48/00 ,  B01D69/14 ,  C07K14/475 ,  C12N11/04 ,  C12N5/00 ,  C12N11/08 ,  A61F2/00

CPC分类号： A61K9/0092 ,  A61K35/22 ,  A61K35/33 ,  A61K9/0024 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/3804 ,  A61L27/54 ,  A61L27/56 ,  B01D69/141 ,  C07K14/475 ,  C12N11/04 ,  A61K48/00 ,  A61L2300/64

摘要： A bioartificial organ for implanting to provide a therapeutic effect is prepared containing a core of living cells encapsulated in a foam-like membrane having three regions: a dense, fine-pored, permselective inner region, a middle region that lacks macrovoids and a fine-pored outer region. The membrane has a molecular weight cutoff that permits passage to nutrients to the cells but not passage of the cells. Preferably, the membrane is made of polyether sulfone, pores range in size between 0.02 .mu.m and 2.0 .mu.m and have polyhedrally symmetric boundaries and are arranged asymmetrically from one surface to the other. The membrane has an asymmetry factor AF relative to the maximum pore diameter of 0.01 to 2.0 and a ratio of the maximum mean free path length to the diameter of the largest pore of greater than 3. The membrane can be hydrophobic or hydrophilic. The bioartificial organ is formed by coextrusion or by stepwise assembly by forming the cell core and then applying the membrane. A polyether sulfone membrane is prepared from a solution containing by weight 12 to 35% polyether sulfone and 15 to 65% .epsilon.-caprolactam, and optionally 0 to 85% latent solvent, 0 to 15% thickner, to 5% non-solvent and 0 to 1% auxiliaries. Cells encapsulated can be cells that produce a neurotransmitter such as dopamine or a biologically active factor such as CNTF, NGF, GDNF, endorphins, catecholamines or enkephalins.

摘要翻译： 制备用于植入以提供治疗效果的生物人造器官，其包含封装在泡沫状膜中的活细胞核，其具有三个区域：致密，细孔，选择性选择性内部区域，缺乏大孔的中间区域， 外面的区域。 膜具有分子量截留值，允许通过营养物质进入细胞，但不能通过细胞。 优选地，膜由聚醚砜制成，孔的尺寸范围在0.02μm至2.0μm之间，具有多边形对称边界并且从一个表面到另一个表面不对称地布置。 该膜具有相对于最大孔径为0.01至2.0的不对称因子AF，并且最大平均自由程长度与最大孔的直径之比大于3。膜可以是疏水的或亲水的。 生物人造器官通过共挤出或通过形成细胞核然后施加膜逐步组装而形成。 聚醚砜膜由含有12-35％聚醚砜和15-65％ε-己内酰胺，和任选0-85％潜溶剂，0-15％增稠剂至5％非溶剂和0- 至1％的助剂。 包封的细胞可以是产生神经递质例如多巴胺或生物活性因子如CNTF，NGF，GDNF，内啡肽，儿茶酚胺或脑啡肽的细胞。

公开(公告)号：US4594207A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-10

申请号：US465560

申请日：1983-02-10

申请人： Christoph Josefiak ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Christoph Josefiak ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J9/26

CPC分类号： C08J9/28 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B29C67/202 ,  C08J2201/052

摘要： Porous bodies, particularly membranes in the form of hollow filaments, are produced by heating a polymer above the upper critical temperature T.sub.c in a mixture of two compounds A and B, liquid and miscible at the dissolving temperature, whereby the employed mixture (polymer, compounds A and B) in liquid aggregate state displays a miscibility gap, the compound A is a solvent for the polymer and the compound B, which preferably is a non-solvent or a swelling agent for the polymer, raises the phase separation temperature of a solution composed of the polymer and compound A. After the dissociation, the components A and/or B if necessary are extracted. Through use of non-toxic substances such as e.g. edible oil as compound A and castor oil as compound B, bodies are obtained which are non-toxic and unobjectionable for use in medical areas and in the foods industry, among others.

摘要翻译： 通过在两个化合物A和B的混合物中加热高于上限临界温度Tc的聚合物来制备多孔体，特别是中空丝形式的膜，其在溶解温度下是液体的和可混溶的，由此使用的混合物（聚合物，化合物 A和B）显示混合间隙，化合物A是聚合物的溶剂，化合物B优选为聚合物的非溶剂或溶胀剂，提高溶液的相分离温度 由聚合物和化合物A组成。解离后，如果需要，提取组分A和/或B。 通过使用无毒物质，例如 作为化合物A的食用油和作为化合物B的蓖麻油，得到无毒且无害的用于医疗领域和食品工业中的物质等。

公开(公告)号：US4361609A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-30

申请号：US169541

申请日：1980-07-17

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D01D5/00 ,  D01D5/28 ,  D01F8/04 ,  B32B3/02 ,  B32B33/00 ,  D04B7/16

CPC分类号： D01F8/04 ,  D01D5/28 ,  Y10T428/23943 ,  Y10T428/23993 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/3146 ,  Y10T442/444 ,  Y10T442/608

摘要： Fibrillatable multicomponent fibers of the matrix segment type and a process for production of fiber structures by splitting shrinkable, basically unset, multi-component fibers consisting of at least two incompatible components which in the fiber cross section are arranged in the form of a matrix and several segments, the latter accounting for about 20% to 80% of the total cross section. After having been processed into fiber structures such as staple fibers, yarns or fabrics, the multicomponent fibers are treated with a liquid or gaseous organic solvent, particularly chlorinated lower alkanes, to partially or completely split the segment filaments from the matrix component. Useful solvents are those which will reduce the zero-shrinkage temperature of the matrix or the segment polymer by at least 160.degree. C. and in which the polymer components constituting the fiber show different shrinkage behavior. Splitting may be further enhanced by the application of mechanical agitation, e.g. by ultrasonic waves. Fabrics made from the multicomponent fibers may be woven, knitted, non-woven, flocked and three-dimensional.

摘要翻译： 基质片段的可纤维化的多组分纤维以及由纤维横截面中至少两个不相容的组分组成的可收缩的，基本上未设定的多组分纤维来生产纤维结构的方法以矩阵形式排列成几个 段占总截面的20％〜80％左右。 在被加工成诸如短纤维，纱线或织物的纤维结构之后，多组分纤维用液体或气态有机溶剂，特别是氯化的低级烷烃处理，以将部分纤维从基质组分部分或完全分裂。 有用的溶剂是将基质或段聚合物的零收缩温度降低至少160℃的溶剂，其中构成纤维的聚合物组分显示出不同的收缩行为。 可以通过施加机械搅拌来进一步增强分裂。 通过超声波。 由多组分纤维制成的织物可以是编织，针织，非织造，植绒和三维织物。