摘要:
In a lower substrate, a display apparatus having the lower substrate and a method of manufacturing the lower substrate, the lower substrate includes a pixel area and a circuit area. An image is displayed in the pixel area. A first signal electrode is disposed in a circuit area. A first insulating layer includes an opening, through which the first signal electrode is exposed. A second signal electrode is disposed on the first insulating layer in the circuit area, and spaced apart from the first signal electrode. A second insulating layer is disposed on the first insulating layer, and includes a contact hole, through which the first and second signal electrodes are exposed. A conductive layer electrically connects the first signal electrode to the second signal electrode. Therefore, a manufacturing process is simplified so that a yield of the lower substrate is increased.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display includes a display area that can be seen by a user, and a peripheral area external to the display area. The display area and the peripheral area are provided with pixel electrodes including transparent electrodes and reflective electrodes. The reflective electrodes on the display area have holes exposing the transparent electrodes, while the reflective electrodes on the peripheral area have no hole.
摘要:
A display substrate includes a base substrate having a display area and a peripheral area which surrounds the display area, a pixel electrode formed on the display area, a pad part formed on the peripheral area, an adhesion part formed on the peripheral area and having a plurality of holes formed in an area adjacent to the pad part on the peripheral area and a conductive adhesion member formed on the pad part and the adhesion part to make electrical contact with the pad part and a terminal of an integrated circuit.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor memory device, in which a bit line can have a low resistance without an increase in the thickness of the bit line. In the semiconductor memory device, an insulating layer having a contact hole that exposes a conductive region is formed on a semiconductor substrate having the conductive region. A barrier metal layer is formed along the surface of the insulating layer and the surface of the contact hole. A grain control layer is formed between the barrier metal layer and the tungsten layer. A tungsten layer is formed on the grain control layer. A grain size of the tungsten layer is increased by the grain control layer.
摘要:
A gate wire including gate lines, gate electrodes, and gate pads and extending in a transverse direction is formed on a substrate. A gate insulating layer is formed thereafter, and a semiconductor layer and an ohmic contact layer are sequentially formed thereon. A conductive material is deposited and patterned to form a data wire inducing data lines intersecting the gate lines, source electrodes, drain electrodes, and data pads. A protective layer made of silicon nitride is deposited on the substrate, and an organic insulating layer made of a photosensitive organic insulating material is coated on the protective layer. The organic insulating layer is patterned to form an unevenness pattern on its surface and first contact holes exposing the protective layer opposite the drain electrodes. Subsequently, the surface of the organic insulating layer is treated using inactive gas such as Ar, and then the protective layer is patterned together with the gate insulating layer by photo etch using a photoresist pattern to form contact holes respectively exposing the drain electrodes, the gate pads, and the data pads. Next, indium-tin-oxide or indium-zinc-oxide is deposited and patterned to form transparent electrodes, subsidiary gate pads, and subsidiary data pads respectively connected to the drain electrodes, the gate pads and the data pads. Finally, a reflective conductive material is deposited and patterned to form reflecting films having respective apertures in the pixel area on the transparent electrodes.
摘要:
In methods of manufacturing capacitors, a first metal compound may be deposited on a substrate using first and second source gases. The first and the second source gases may be provided onto the substrate by a first flow rate ratio in which a deposition rate of the first metal compound by surface reaction between the source gases is higher than that by mass transfer between the source gases. A second metal compound may be deposited on the first metal compound and undesired materials may be removed by providing the source gases with a second flow rate ratio different from the first flow rate ratio. Depositing the first and the second metal compounds may be repeated to form a lower electrode. A dielectric layer and an upper electrode may be formed on the lower electrode. Accordingly, permeation of an etching liquid or gas may be reduced during an etching process.
摘要:
In a lower substrate, a display apparatus having the lower substrate and a method of manufacturing the lower substrate, the lower substrate includes a pixel area and a circuit area. An image is displayed in the pixel area. A first signal electrode is disposed in a circuit area. A first insulating layer includes an opening, through which the first signal electrode is exposed. A second signal electrode is disposed on the first insulating layer in the circuit area, and spaced apart from the first signal electrode. A second insulating layer is disposed on the first insulating layer, and includes a contact hole, through which the first and second signal electrodes are exposed. A conductive layer electrically connects the first signal electrode to the second signal electrode. Therefore, a manufacturing process is simplified so that a yield of the lower substrate is increased.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor memory device, in which a bit line can have a low resistance without an increase in the thickness of the bit line. In the semiconductor memory device, an insulating layer having a contact hole that exposes a conductive region is formed on a semiconductor substrate having the conductive region. A barrier metal layer is formed along the surface of the insulating layer and the surface of the contact hole. A grain control layer is formed between the barrier metal layer and the tungsten layer. A tungsten layer is formed on the grain control layer. A grain size of the tungsten layer is increased by the grain control layer.
摘要:
A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate including a display area and a drive region in which a driving chip for transmitting a driving signal to the pixels is located; a gate line in the display area; a storage electrode line; a gate driving pad coupled to the driving chip; a gate insulating layer; a first semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer and overlapped with a gate electrode protruding from the gate line; a second semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer and overlapped with a sustain electrode protruding from the storage electrode line; a data line crossing the gate line in an insulated manner and a drain electrode separated from the data line; and a pixel electrode coupled to the drain electrode, and the drain electrode comprises a drain bar facing the source electrode, and a drain extender overlapped with the second semiconductor layer.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate. The lower substrate includes a display part for displaying image and a driving part for providing the display part with a driving signal. The upper substrate includes a common electrode and an insulating member that electrically insulates the common electrode from the driving part. The insulating member has a lower dielectric constant than the liquid crystal layer. Thus, a parasitic capacitance between the driving part and the common electrode is reduced to prevent malfunction of the driving part, and a display quality is enhanced.