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    Production of maleic anhydride
    21.
    发明授权
    Production of maleic anhydride 失效
    生产马来酸酐

    公开(公告)号：US4328157A

    公开(公告)日：1982-05-04

    申请号：US245255

    申请日：1981-03-19

    Applicant: Robert A. Innes ,  Anthony J. Perrotta

    Inventor： Robert A. Innes ,  Anthony J. Perrotta

    IPC: B01J23/887 ,  C07C51/25 ,  C07D307/60

    CPC classification number: B01J23/8877 ,  C07C51/25

    Abstract: Maleic anhydride is produced by passing a C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon stream together with molecular oxygen over a fixed bed containing a vanadium molybdate catalyst promoted with a novel cobalt niobate having the formulaCoNb.sub.a O.sub.xwherein a is a number from about 1.0 to about 4.0 and x is a number from about 3.5 to about 11.0. The catalyst is prepared by calcining a slurry containing cobalt oxide and niobium oxide, or their precursors, in at a temperature range from about 400.degree. to about 1200.degree. C. for about 1 to about 40 hours to obtain a cobalt niobate, which is then slurried with a mixture of oxides of vanadium and molybdenum, or their precursors, dried, and then calcined at a temperature from about 300.degree. to about 650.degree. C. for about 0.5 to about 24 hours. A support cam can be used for the catalyst.

    Abstract translation: 马来酸酐是通过使C4-C12烃物流与分子氧一起在含有由具有式CoNbaO x的新型铌酸钴促进的钼酸钒催化剂的固定床中制备的，其中a为约1.0至约4.0，x为 从约3.5到约11.0。 通过在约400至约1200℃的温度范围内煅烧含有氧化钴和氧化铌或其前体的浆料约1至约40小时来制备催化剂，以获得铌酸钴 用钒和钼的氧化物或其前体的混合物制成浆料，干燥，然后在约300至约650℃的温度下煅烧约0.5至约24小时。 催化剂可以使用支撑凸轮。

    Reforming process using monofunctional catalyst containing bismuth
    26.
    发明授权
    Reforming process using monofunctional catalyst containing bismuth 失效
    使用含有铋的单官能催化剂进行重整工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5851379A

    公开(公告)日：1998-12-22

    申请号：US995588

    申请日：1997-12-22

    Applicant: Robert A. Innes ,  Michio Sugimoto ,  Tetsuya Fukunaga

    Inventor： Robert A. Innes ,  Michio Sugimoto ,  Tetsuya Fukunaga

    IPC: B01J29/64 ,  B01J29/62 ,  C10G35/085 ,  C10G35/095

    CPC classification number: C10G35/095 ,  B01J29/62

    Abstract: A catalytic reforming process is disclosed using a catalyst containing a Group VIII metal, low amounts of bismuth, and a zeolite L. The catalyst is a non-acidic, monofunctional reforming catalyst. Preferably, the catalyst contains one or more halogens. Preferably, the feed includes C.sub.8 hydrocarbons. The addition of small amounts of bismuth increase or substantially maintain catalyst stability. Unexpectedly low dealkylation rates are achieved using the catalyst while reforming to produce aromatics, especially to produce xylenes such as paraxylene.

    Abstract translation: 公开了使用含有Ⅷ族金属，少量铋和沸石L的催化剂的催化重整方法。催化剂是非酸性单官能改性催化剂。 优选地，催化剂含有一种或多种卤素。 优选地，进料包括C8烃。 添加少量的铋会增加或显着维持催化剂的稳定性。 使用催化剂，同时重整以产生芳族化合物，特别是生产二甲苯如对二甲苯，实现了意想不到的脱烷基化速率。

    High temperature treatment of reforming catalyst with an inert gas
    28.
    发明授权
    High temperature treatment of reforming catalyst with an inert gas 失效
    用惰性气体高温处理重整催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US5716515A

    公开(公告)日：1998-02-10

    申请号：US450697

    申请日：1995-05-25

    Applicant: Robert A. Innes

    Inventor： Robert A. Innes

    IPC: B01J29/064 ,  B01J29/62 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J38/04 ,  B01J38/10 ,  C10G35/095 ,  C10G35/085

    CPC classification number: C10G35/095 ,  B01J29/62 ,  B01J37/08

    Abstract: A high temperature treatment process is disclosed for increasing conversion and reducing the fouling rate of reforming catalysts. The process comprises reducing the catalyst in a reducing gas atmosphere at a temperature below 1025.degree. F. and then treating the reduced catalyst at a temperature of from 1025.degree. F. to 1275.degree. F. in an inert gas atmosphere.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于提高转化率和降低重整催化剂结垢速率的高温处理方法。 该方法包括在低于1025°F的还原气体气氛中还原催化剂，然后在惰性气体气氛中在1025°F至1275°F的温度下处理还原的催化剂。

    Method of making color change devices activatable by bending and product thereof
    30.
    发明授权
    Method of making color change devices activatable by bending and product thereof 失效
    通过弯曲和其产品制造可变色设备的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5135262A

    公开(公告)日：1992-08-04

    申请号：US540937

    申请日：1990-06-20

    Applicant: Gary J. Smith ,  Robert A. Innes

    Inventor： Gary J. Smith ,  Robert A. Innes

    IPC: B44F1/12 ,  B65D55/02 ,  C25D11/04 ,  C25D11/26 ,  G09F3/02 ,  G09F3/03

    CPC classification number: G09F3/0292 ,  B65D55/026 ,  C25D11/04 ,  C25D11/26 ,  B65D2101/00 ,  Y10S428/915 ,  Y10S428/916

    Abstract: Color change devices which are capable of undergoing a color change on bending. The devices comprise a flexible substrate having a color generating metal (e.g. a valve metal such as Ta or Nb) at at least one surface and an intimately contacting optically thin anodic film covering the color generating metal and generating a visible color by light interference and absorption effects. The thin anodic film is produced by anodizing the color generating metal in the presence of an adhesion-reducing agent (e.g. a fluoride) for weakening the normally tenacious bond between the anodic film and the metal. Devices of this kind capable of being activated by bending, as well as by separation of the constituent layers, are produced by carrying out the anodization step in the presence of a particular concentration of the adhesion reducing agent from a narrow range (e.g. 40-350 ppm of fluoride). The devices can be used as tamper evident labels and the like which show evidence of removal of the labels from articles to which they are originally attached as an indication of tampering.

    Abstract translation: 能够在弯曲时发生颜色变化的变色装置。 这些装置包括在至少一个表面上具有发色金属（例如，诸如Ta或Nb的阀金属）的柔性基板，以及覆盖产生颜色的光学薄阳极膜并通过光干涉和吸收产生可见的颜色的紧密接触 效果。 薄阳极膜是通过在减粘剂（例如氟化物）的存在下阳极氧化发色金属而制造的，用于削弱阳极膜和金属之间的通常牢固的结合。 通过在特定浓度的粘合还原剂的存在下从窄范围（例如40-350℃）进行阳极氧化步骤，可以制造这种能够通过弯曲激活的构件以及构成层分离的装置 ppm的氟化物）。 这些装置可以用作防篡改的标签等，其显示了将标签从最初附着的标签移除的证据，作为篡改的指示。

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