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公开(公告)号：US20050195314A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-08
申请号：US11121956
申请日：2005-05-05
CPC分类号： H04N5/2352 , H04N5/2351
摘要： Automatic exposure adjusting device considers the image on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Each pixel is characterized according to its most significant bits. After the pixels are characterized, the number of pixels in any particular group is counted. That counting is compared with thresholds which set whether the image is over exposed, under exposed, and can optionally also determine if the image is seriously over exposed or seriously under exposed. Adjustment of the exposure is carried out to bring the image to a more desired state.
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公开(公告)号：US20050092894A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-05
申请号：US10696559
申请日：2003-10-30
申请人： Eric Fossum
发明人： Eric Fossum
IPC分类号： H01L27/00 , H01L27/146 , H04N3/15
CPC分类号： H01L27/14643 , H01L27/14609 , H01L27/14641 , H04N5/35563 , H04N5/3559 , H04N5/37457
摘要： A pixel circuit, and a method for operating a high-low sensitivity (HLS) pixel circuit, to provide increased dynamic range in an imager. The pixel circuit combines a four transistor (“4T”) and a three-transistor plus capacitor (“3TC”) configuration in one pixel, where the 4T portion of the pixel is coupled to a high sensitivity buried photodiode region, and the 3TC portion of the pixel is coupled to a low sensitivity buried photodiode region. The pixel circuit first reads out charge from the high sensitivity photodiode region and compares it to a reset voltage, then reads out charge from the low sensitivity photodiode region. Under an alternate embodiment, multiple HLS pixels are coupled through a common floating diffusion node.
摘要翻译： 像素电路和用于操作高 - 低灵敏度（HLS）像素电路的方法，以在成像器中提供增加的动态范围。 像素电路在一个像素中组合四个晶体管（“4T”）和三晶体管加电容（“3TC”）配置，其中像素的4T部分耦合到高灵敏度掩埋光电二极管区域，并且3TC部分 的像素耦合到低灵敏度掩埋光电二极管区域。 像素电路首先从高灵敏度光电二极管区域读出电荷并将其与复位电压进行比较，然后从低灵敏度光电二极管区域读出电荷。 在替代实施例中，多个HLS像素通过公共浮动扩散节点耦合。
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公开(公告)号：US20050002103A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-06
申请号：US10855124
申请日：2004-05-27
申请人： Jon Bechtel , Frederick Bauer , Joseph Stam , Robert Knapp , Robert Turnbull , David Schmidt , G. Poe , David Plangger , Robert Nixon , Eric Fossum , Timothy Steenwyk
发明人： Jon Bechtel , Frederick Bauer , Joseph Stam , Robert Knapp , Robert Turnbull , David Schmidt , G. Poe , David Plangger , Robert Nixon , Eric Fossum , Timothy Steenwyk
IPC分类号： G01J1/02 , B60H1/00 , B60H1/26 , B60H1/34 , B60Q1/02 , B60Q1/08 , B60Q1/14 , B60R1/04 , B60R1/08 , B60R16/027 , B60S1/08 , G01J1/16 , G01J1/46 , H01L31/10 , G02B5/08
CPC分类号： G01J1/1626 , B60Q1/1423 , B60Q2300/052 , B60Q2300/054 , B60Q2300/112 , B60Q2300/312 , B60Q2300/314 , B60Q2300/337 , B60Q2400/30 , B60R1/088 , G01J1/46
摘要： Equipment on automotive vehicle is controlled by a system including at least one semiconductor light sensor having variable sensitivity to light. Each light sensor generates a light signal indicative of the intensity of light incident on the light sensor. Control logic varies the sensitivity of the light sensor and generates equipment control signals based on received light signals. Sensitivity of light sensors may be varied by changing the integration time for producing charge from light incident on light transducers, by selecting between light transducers of different sensitivity within the light sensor, by using a light transducer with a sensitivity that is a function of the amount of incident light, and the like. Controlled equipment includes devices such as automatically dimming rearview mirrors, headlamps, and moisture removal means.
摘要翻译： 机动车辆上的设备由包括至少一个具有对光敏感度可变的半导体光传感器的系统控制。 每个光传感器产生指示入射在光传感器上的光的强度的光信号。 控制逻辑改变光传感器的灵敏度，并根据接收到的光信号产生设备控制信号。 光传感器的灵敏度可以通过改变从入射到光换能器上的光产生电荷的积分时间，通过使用具有灵敏度的光传感器在光传感器内选择不同灵敏度的光换能器来改变灵敏度 的入射光等。 受控设备包括诸如自动调光后视镜，前照灯和除湿装置的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06476860B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-05
申请号：US09114347
申请日：1998-07-13
申请人： Orly Yadid-Pecht , Brad Minch , Bedabrata Pain , Eric Fossum
发明人： Orly Yadid-Pecht , Brad Minch , Bedabrata Pain , Eric Fossum
IPC分类号： H04N5225
CPC分类号： H04N5/232 , H04N5/2351 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/378
摘要： An imaging system for identifying the location of the center of mass (“COM”) in an image. In one aspect, an imaging system includes a plurality of photosensitive elements arranged in a matrix. A center of mass circuit coupled to the photosensitive elements includes a resistive network and a normalization circuit including at least one bipolar transistor. The center of mass circuit identifies a center of mass location in the matrix and includes: a row circuit, where the row circuit identifies a center of mass row value in each row of the matrix and identifies a row intensity for each row; a horizontal circuit, where the horizontal circuit identifies a center of mass horizontal value; and a vertical circuit, where the vertical circuit identifies a center of mass vertical value. The horizontal and vertical center of mass values indicate the coordinates of the center of mass location for the image.
摘要翻译： 用于识别图像中的质心（“COM”）的位置的成像系统。 在一个方面，成像系统包括以矩阵形式布置的多个感光元件。 耦合到感光元件的质量电路的中心包括电阻网络和包括至少一个双极晶体管的归一化电路。 质心电路识别矩阵中的质心位置，包括：行电路，其中行电路识别矩阵的每行中的质心行值，并识别每行的行强度; 水平电路，其中水平电路识别质心水平值; 和垂直电路，其中垂直电路标识质心垂直值。 水平和垂直质心值表示图像的质心位置的坐标。
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公开(公告)号：US20070108375A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-17
申请号：US11650424
申请日：2007-01-08
申请人： Alf Olsen , Eric Fossum , Giuseppe Rossi
发明人： Alf Olsen , Eric Fossum , Giuseppe Rossi
IPC分类号： H03F3/08
CPC分类号： H03F3/08 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/087 , H04N5/3575 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/3745 , H04N5/378
摘要： Signals from an imager pixel photodetector are received by an amplifier having capacitive feedback, such as a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA). The amplifier can be operated at a low or no power level during an integration period of a photodetector to reduce power dissipation. The amplifier can be distributed, with an amplifier element within each pixel of an array and with amplifier output circuitry outside the pixel array. The amplifier can be a single ended cascode amplifier, a folded cascode amplifier, a differential input telescopic cascode amplifier, or other configuration. The amplifier can be used in pixel configurations where the amplifier is directly connected to the photodetector, or in configurations which use a transfer transistor to couple signal charges to a floating diffusion node with the amplifier being coupled to the floating diffusion node.
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公开(公告)号：US20060261251A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-23
申请号：US11495546
申请日：2006-07-31
申请人： Eric Fossum
发明人： Eric Fossum
IPC分类号： H01L27/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/378 , H04N5/3559 , H04N5/3575 , H04N5/363 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/37452
摘要： A circuit and method for reducing kTC noise in CMOS imagers while minimizing power dissipation is disclosed. Correlated double sampling (CDS) is performed within each pixel such that the reset voltage and the integration voltage are sampled and stored within the pixel until the voltages are forwarded to a differential amplifier for subtraction.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在降低功耗的同时降低CMOS成像器中的kTC噪声的电路和方法。 在每个像素内执行相关双采样（CDS），使得复位电压和积分电压被采样并存储在像素内，直到电压转发到差分放大器以进行减法。
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公开(公告)号：US20060227233A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-12
申请号：US11450362
申请日：2006-06-12
申请人： Eric Fossum
发明人： Eric Fossum
IPC分类号： H04N5/335
CPC分类号： H04N5/359 , H01L27/14609 , H04N5/3597 , H04N5/3653
摘要： Operation for global electronic shutter photodiode-type pixels. In a first mode of operation, lag is reduced through global reset of the photodiode array and fixed pattern noise is eliminated through comparison of the photosignal level and the reset level of the floating drain. In a second mode of operation, simultaneous integration and readout processes are achieved through cessation of spill charges over the transfer gate. In a third mode of operation, regulation of the reset photodiode and transfer gate enables voltage gain between the photodiode and the sense node.
摘要翻译： 全球电子快门光电二极管型像素的操作。 在第一操作模式中，通过光电二极管阵列的全局复位来减小滞后，并且通过比较光信号电平和浮置漏极的复位电平来消除固定模式噪声。 在第二种操作模式中，通过在传输门上停止溢出电荷来实现同步整合和读出过程。 在第三种操作模式中，复位光电二极管和传输栅极的调节使得光电二极管和感测节点之间能够实现电压增益。
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公开(公告)号：US06980230B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-27
申请号：US10289509
申请日：2002-11-05
申请人： Orly Yadid-Pecht , Brad Minch , Bedabrata Pain , Eric Fossum
发明人： Orly Yadid-Pecht , Brad Minch , Bedabrata Pain , Eric Fossum
CPC分类号： H04N5/232 , H04N5/2351 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/378
摘要： An imaging system for identifying the location of the center of mass (“COM”) in an image. In one aspect, an imaging system includes a plurality of photosensitive elements arranged in a matrix. A center of mass circuit coupled to the photosensitive elements includes a resistive network and a normalization circuit including at least one bipolar transistor. The center of mass circuit identifies a center of mass location in the matrix and includes: a row circuit, where the row circuit identifies a center of mass row value in each row of the matrix and identifies a row intensity for each row; a horizontal circuit, where the horizontal circuit identifies a center of mass horizontal value; and a vertical circuit, where the vertical circuit identifies a center of mass vertical value. The horizontal and vertical center of mass values indicate the coordinates of the center of mass location for the image.
摘要翻译： 用于识别图像中的质心（“COM”）的位置的成像系统。 在一个方面，成像系统包括以矩阵形式布置的多个感光元件。 耦合到感光元件的质量电路的中心包括电阻网络和包括至少一个双极晶体管的归一化电路。 质心电路识别矩阵中的质心位置，包括：行电路，其中行电路识别矩阵的每行中的质心行值，并识别每行的行强度; 水平电路，其中水平电路识别质心水平值; 和垂直电路，其中垂直电路标识质心垂直值。 水平和垂直质心值表示图像的质心位置的坐标。
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公开(公告)号：US20050218299A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-06
申请号：US10813073
申请日：2004-03-31
申请人： Alf Olsen , Eric Fossum , Giuseppe Rossi
发明人： Alf Olsen , Eric Fossum , Giuseppe Rossi
IPC分类号： H01L27/00 , H04N5/363 , H04N5/3745 , H04N5/378
CPC分类号： H03F3/08 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/087 , H04N5/3575 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/3745 , H04N5/378
摘要： Signals from an imager pixel photodetector are received by an amplifier having capacitive feedback, such as a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA). The amplifier can be operated at a low or no power level during an integration period of a photodetector to reduce power dissipation. The amplifier can be distributed, with an amplifier element within each pixel of an array and with amplifier output circuitry outside the pixel array. The amplifier can be a single ended cascode amplifier, a folded cascode amplifier, a differential input telescopic cascode amplifier, or other configuration. The amplifier can be used in pixel configurations where the amplifier is directly connected to the photodetector, or in configurations which use a transfer transistor to couple signal charges to a floating diffusion node with the amplifier being coupled to the floating diffusion node.
摘要翻译： 来自成像器像素光电检测器的信号由具有电容反馈的放大器（例如电容互阻抗放大器（CTIA））接收。 放大器可以在光电检测器的积分期间以低功率或无功率电平工作，以降低功耗。 放大器可以分布在阵列的每个像素内的放大器元件和像素阵列外部的放大器输出电路。 放大器可以是单端共源共栅放大器，折叠共源共栅放大器，差分输入伸缩共源共栅放大器或其他配置。 放大器可用于像素配置，其中放大器直接连接到光电检测器，或者在使用传输晶体管将信号电荷耦合到浮动扩散节点的配置中，放大器耦合到浮动扩散节点。
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公开(公告)号：US20050146791A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US11074066
申请日：2005-03-07
申请人： Jon Bechtel , Joseph Stam , Robert Turnbull , Robert Nixon , Eric Fossum
发明人： Jon Bechtel , Joseph Stam , Robert Turnbull , Robert Nixon , Eric Fossum
CPC分类号： G01J1/4204 , B60R1/088 , G01J1/46
摘要： An automatically dimming mirror includes a dimming element having variable reflectivity, the degree of reflectivity based on a control signal. An ambient light sensor is positioned to receive light from a region generally in front of the vehicle. The ambient light sensor outputs a discrete ambient light signal based on the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor over an integration period. A glare sensor is positioned to view the scene generally behind the vehicle operator. The glare sensor outputs a discrete glare signal based on the amount of light incident on the glare sensor over an integration period. A dimming logic determines an ambient light level based on the ambient light signal. The glare integration period is determined based on the ambient light level. The glare signal resulting from the glare integration period determines a mirror glare level used to set the dimming element control signal.
摘要翻译： 自动调光镜包括具有可变反射率的调光元件，基于控制信号的反射率。 环境光传感器被定位成从通常在车辆前方的区域接收光。 环境光传感器基于在整个周期内入射到环境光传感器上的光量输出离散的环境光信号。 眩光传感器被定位成通常在车辆操作者后面观看场景。 眩光传感器基于入射到眩光传感器上的光的积分周期，输出离散的眩光信号。 调光逻辑基于环境光信号确定环境光水平。 眩光积分时间是根据环境光照度决定的。 由眩光积分时段产生的眩光信号决定了用于设置调光元件控制信号的镜面眩光水平。
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