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    Method of purifying gases containing nitrogen oxides and an apparatus for purifying gases in a steam generation boiler
    21.
    发明授权
    Method of purifying gases containing nitrogen oxides and an apparatus for purifying gases in a steam generation boiler 失效
    纯化含氮氧化物的气体的方法和蒸汽发生锅炉中的气体净化装置

    公开(公告)号：US5911956A

    公开(公告)日：1999-06-15

    申请号：US979308

    申请日：1997-11-26

    申请人： Charles Viel Lamare ,  Matti Hiltunen ,  Yam Lee

    发明人： Charles Viel Lamare ,  Matti Hiltunen ,  Yam Lee

    IPC分类号： F23C10/00 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/86 ,  B01D53/94 ,  F22B1/02 ,  F23C10/02 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/20 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23J15/02 ,  B01D50/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/10 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23J2215/10 ,  F23J2219/10 ,  F23J2219/20

    摘要： A method of reducing the nitrogen oxide level in the flue gases issuing from combustion units by introduction of reducing agents into contact with gases containing nitrogen oxides in first and second reducing stages, is provided. The first reducing stage is a non-catalytic stage (e.g. at temperatures over 800.degree. C.), while the second stage is a catalytic stage (e.g. at temperatures of about 300-400.degree. C.). A steam generation boiler with improved nitrogen reduction facilities is also provided. The amount of nitrogen oxides in the hot gases is reduced in the combination of the first and second reducing stages while producing steam in a steam generation boiler system, thus resulting in gases essentially free from nitrogen oxides while eliminating the possibility of NH.sub.3 (or other reducing agent) slip in the exhausted flue gases. Heat transfers in a convection section as used to establish stabilized temperature conditions for catalytic reduction.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过在第一和第二还原阶段通过引入还原剂与含有氮氧化物的气体接触来降低从燃烧单元排出的烟道气中的氮氧化物含量的方法。 第一个还原阶段是非催化阶段（例如在800℃以上的温度），而第二阶段是催化阶段（例如在约300-400℃的温度）。 还提供了具有改进的氮还原设备的蒸汽发生锅炉。 在第一和第二还原阶段的组合中，在蒸汽发生锅炉系统中产生蒸汽的同时，热气中的氮氧化物的量减少，从而导致基本上不含氮氧化物的气体，同时消除了NH 3（或其它还原 试剂）在耗尽的烟道气中滑移。 用于建立稳定的催化还原温度条件的对流段中的热传递。

    Control scheme for large circulating fluid bed steam generators (CFB)
    22.
    发明授权
    Control scheme for large circulating fluid bed steam generators (CFB) 失效
    大型循环流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）控制方案

    公开(公告)号：US5784975A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

    申请号：US771998

    申请日：1996-12-23

    申请人： Michael C. Tanca

    发明人： Michael C. Tanca

    IPC分类号： F22B31/00 ,  F22B35/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/28 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G7/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/28 ,  F22B31/0084 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C2206/103

    摘要： A control scheme for large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) wherein direct control is effected therewith over the temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) and wherein independent control is effected therewith over the final superheat steam temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) as well as over the final reheat steam temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB).

    摘要翻译： 大型循环流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）的控制方案，其中在大循环流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）的温度下进行直接控制，并且在大循环流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）的最终过热蒸汽温度下对其进行独立控制 流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）以及超大循环流化床蒸汽发生器（CFB）的最终再热蒸汽温度。

    Method and apparatus for recovering heat in a fluidized bed reactor
    23.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for recovering heat in a fluidized bed reactor 失效
    在流化床反应器中回收热量的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5772969A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-30

    申请号：US340875

    申请日：1994-12-06

    申请人： Timo Hyppanen

    发明人： Timo Hyppanen

    IPC分类号： B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/38 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F27B15/14 ,  F27B15/16

    CPC分类号： B01J8/1836 ,  B01J8/388 ,  F22B31/0084 ,  F22B31/0092 ,  F23C10/10 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00079 ,  B01J2208/00088 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00371 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  F23C2206/102 ,  F23C2206/103

    摘要： A method and apparatus for recovering heat from solid particles in a fluidized bed reactor, utilize a heat transfer chamber, having heat transfer surfaces disposed therein. Hot solid particles are continuously fed into the heat transfer chamber and gas is introduced into and discharged from the heat transfer chamber. Gas is introduced into the heat transfer chamber for controlling the flow of solid particles therein. The heat transfer chamber is divided into at least one heat transfer zone and at least one solid particle transport zone, by providing more heat transfer surfaces in the heat transfer zones (e.g. 90% or more of the total heat transfer area) than in the solid particle transport zones. The heat transfer is controlled by introducing separately controlled flows of gas into the heat transfer zones and the solid particle transport zones.

    摘要翻译： 一种在流化床反应器中从固体颗粒中回收热量的方法和装置，利用传热室，其中设置有传热表面。 热固体颗粒被连续地供给到传热室中，并且气体被引入和从传热室排出。 将气体引入传热室中以控制其中的固体颗粒的流动。 通过在传热区域（例如总传热面积的90％或更多）中提供更多的传热表面，传热室被分成至少一个传热区和至少一个固体颗粒传输区，比固体 颗粒运输区。 通过将单独控制的气体流引入传热区域和固体颗粒输送区域来控制热传递。

    Centrifugal separator assembly and method for separating particles from hot gas
    24.
    发明授权
    Centrifugal separator assembly and method for separating particles from hot gas 失效
    离心分离器组件和从热气分离颗粒的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5738712A

    公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

    申请号：US402170

    申请日：1995-03-13

    申请人： Timo Hyppanen

    发明人： Timo Hyppanen

    IPC分类号： B01D45/12 ,  B03C1/00 ,  B03C3/15 ,  B04C5/04 ,  B04C5/081 ,  B04C5/085 ,  B04C5/103 ,  B04C5/20 ,  B04C5/28 ,  B04C11/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23J15/02

    CPC分类号： B01D45/12 ,  B04C5/04 ,  B04C5/081 ,  B04C5/085 ,  B04C5/20 ,  B04C5/28 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23J15/027 ,  F23C2206/101

    摘要： A centrifugal separator has a plurality of substantially planar walls, including a first wall, defining a vortex chamber having an interior gas volume and for establishing at least one gas vortex in the gas volume, and the gas volume has a cross section that is distinctly non-circular, (and preferably quadrate). In addition to conventional outlets the separator includes a gas inlet having at least one elongated jet-defining wall with a free end portion extending into the gas volume a first distance from the first wall, to define a gas jet that extends substantially tangentially to the gas vortex in the gas volume. An insert extends between the jet-defining wall free end portion and the first wall and defines a gas flow direction changing surface. The insert may be substantially solid refractory material, or include a number of cooling fluids circulating tubes, and a gas flow direction changing surface may be substantially planar or curved. The first distance is typically at least 50 mm, but less than 25% of the dimension of the wall perpendicular to the first wall. The jet defining wall and the gas direction changing surface may make an angle .alpha. between 20.degree.-80.degree. and the first distance may be between 0.2-5 times the width of the gas inlet. The height of the gas inlet is at least twice as great as its width.

    摘要翻译： 离心分离器具有多个基本上平面的壁，包括第一壁，限定具有内部气体体积的涡流室，并且用于在气体体积中建立至少一个气体涡流，并且气体体积具有明显非截面的横截面， （并且最好是方形）。 除了常规的出口之外，分离器包括具有至少一个细长的喷射限定壁的气体入口，其具有从第一壁延伸到第一距离的气体体积中的自由端部分，以限定基本上相对于气体切向延伸的气体射流 涡流在气体体积。 插入件在射流限定壁自由端部分和第一壁之间延伸并且限定气体流动方向改变表面。 插入件可以是基本上是固体的耐火材料，或者包括多个冷却流体循环管，并且气体流动方向改变表面可以是基本上平面的或弯曲的。 第一距离通常至少为50mm，但小于壁垂直于第一壁的尺寸的25％。 射流限定壁和气体方向改变表面可以形成20°-80°之间的角度，第一距离可以在气体入口宽度的0.2-5倍之间。 气体入口的高度至少是其宽度的两倍。

    Fluidized bed combustion system and a pressure seal valve utilized therein
    25.
    发明授权
    Fluidized bed combustion system and a pressure seal valve utilized therein 失效
    流化床燃烧系统和其中使用的压力密封阀

    公开(公告)号：US5682828A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-04

    申请号：US434872

    申请日：1995-05-04

    申请人： John W. Phalen ,  Stephen J. Goidich

    发明人： John W. Phalen ,  Stephen J. Goidich

    IPC分类号： F23C10/10 ,  F23G5/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/10

    摘要： A fluidized bed combustion system in which a separator receives a mixture of flue gases and entrained particulate separated material from a fluidized bed in a furnace. A pressure seal valve connects an outlet of the separator to the furnace or a fluidized bed heat exchanger disposed adjacent the furnace for recycling the separated particulate separated material back to the furnace. The pressure seal valve includes a downflow leg, and upflow leg and a horizontal leg connecting the downflow leg to the upflow leg. A horizontal overflow leg is connected to the upflow leg and at least two return legs connect the overflow leg to the furnace. The separated material from the separator passes through the legs of the pressure seal valve and sometimes through a heat exchanger (if included) before reentering the furnace.

    摘要翻译： 流化床燃烧系统，其中分离器从炉中的流化床接收烟道气和夹带的颗粒分离材料的混合物。 压力密封阀将分离器的出口连接到炉子或与炉子相邻设置的流化床热交换器，用于将分离的颗粒分离的材料再循环回炉子。 压力密封阀包括一个向下流动的支腿，以及向上流动的支腿和一个水平支腿，将下流支脚连接到上流支柱。 水平溢流支路连接到上流支腿，至少两个回流支路将溢流支脚连接到炉子。 来自分离器的分离的材料通过压力密封阀的支腿，有时通过热交换器（如果包括的话），然后重新进入炉子。

    Circulating fluid bed steam generator NO.sub.x control
    26.
    发明授权
    Circulating fluid bed steam generator NO.sub.x control 失效
    循环流化床蒸汽发生器NOx控制

    公开(公告)号：US5660125A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-26

    申请号：US435707

    申请日：1995-05-05

    申请人： Michael C. Tanca

    发明人： Michael C. Tanca

    IPC分类号： F23C6/04 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23L3/00 ,  F23J11/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/10 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C2201/101

    摘要： A method for enhancing the minimization of NO.sub.x control in a circulating fluid bed steam generator into which there is injected fuel, fluidizing air, a lower level of combustion air and an upper level of combustion air. The fuel is injected at a first location, the fluidizing air is injected at a second location, the lower level of combustion air is injected at a third location and the upper level of combustion air is injected at a fourth location. In order to enhance the minimization of NO.sub.x control within a circulating fluid bed steam generator the lower level combustion air as well as the upper level combustion air are each biased in the horizontal plane as well as the vertical plane so as to thereby control the lower level combustion air flow and the upper level combustion air flow such that local stoichiometries within the circulating fluid bed steam generator are maintained within a range of 70% stoichiometry to 90% stoichiometry.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于增强循环流化床蒸汽发生器中最小化NOx控制的方法，其中喷射燃料，流化空气，较低水平的燃烧空气和较高级别的燃烧空气。 在第一位置喷射燃料，在第二位置喷射流化空气，在第三位置喷射较低级别的燃烧空气，并在第四位置喷射上层的燃烧空气。 为了提高循环流化床蒸汽发生器中NOx控制的最小化，下层燃烧空气以及上层燃烧空气各自在水平面和垂直平面中偏置，从而控制较低的水平 燃烧空气流和上层燃烧空气流，使得循环流化床蒸汽发生器内的局部化学计量保持在70％化学计量比至90％化学计量的范围内。

    Reducing N.sub.2 O emissions when burning nitrogen-containing fuels in fluidized bed reactors
    28.
    发明授权
    Reducing N.sub.2 O emissions when burning nitrogen-containing fuels in fluidized bed reactors 失效
    在流化床反应器中燃烧含氮燃料时，减少N2O排放

    公开(公告)号：US5562884A

    公开(公告)日：1996-10-08

    申请号：US456173

    申请日：1995-05-31

    申请人： Eric J. Oakes ,  Yam Y. Lee ,  Matti A. Hiltunen

    发明人： Eric J. Oakes ,  Yam Y. Lee ,  Matti A. Hiltunen

    IPC分类号： B01D53/56 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23J15/08 ,  B01D50/00 ,  F27B15/14

    CPC分类号： F23J15/08 ,  B01D53/56 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23J2215/101 ,  F23J2219/20 ,  Y02C20/10 ,  Y02C20/20

    摘要： The amount of N.sub.2 O emission from a fluidized bed reactor is reduced by adding a hydrogen radical providing additive (e.g. a hydrogen containing fuel such as natural gas or alcohol) to the flue gases discharged from the fluidized bed. Sufficient oxygen is present in the flue gases--either by addition with the additive, or by addition of an excess to the combustion chamber--so that the additive reacts with the oxygen, typically raising the temperature of the flue gases (e.g. from about 700.degree.-900.degree. C. to about 950.degree.-1100.degree. C.) so that N.sub.2 O production is reduced about 10-90%. The additive may be injected in or just prior to a cyclone for separating particles from the flue gases, in a gas discharge immediately after the cyclone (e.g. just downstream of a heat exchanger for cooling the flue gases and flattening the velocity profile of the flue gases), just prior to a superheater of a convection section, or in a combustion chamber just prior to a gas turbine.

    摘要翻译： 通过向从流化床排出的烟道气中添加提供氢的添加剂（例如含氢燃料如天然气或醇）来减少来自流化床反应器的N2O排放量。 烟气中存在足够的氧气 - 通过加入添加剂或通过向燃烧室中加入过量，使得添加剂与氧气反应，通常提高烟气的温度（例如约700℃） -900℃至约950℃-1100℃），使得N 2 O产量降低约10-90％。 添加剂可以在旋风分离器中或刚好在旋风分离器之前注入，用于在烟道气中分离颗粒，在气旋之后的气体排放中（例如，仅仅在用于冷却烟道气的热交换器的下游，并且使烟道气的平均化 ），恰好在对流部分的过热器之前，或者恰好在燃气轮机之前的燃烧室中。