摘要:
An electric glass hot shop system is described herein that has at least one electrically powered heating unit (e.g., electric furnace, electric glory hole, electric pipe warmer, electric color box, electric annealer, electric crucible kiln) used in the processing of glass.
摘要:
A melt furnace including a first reservoir, a second reservoir, a holding reservoir, and a control system including a controller is provided. The first reservoir and the second reservoir are in fluid communication with the holding reservoir to flow molten materials to the holding reservoir. The controller is in communication with a first material level sensor, a second material level sensor, a holding reservoir temperature sensor, and a molten material level sensor assembly. The controller is adapted to adjust an output level of at least one of the first reservoir melt burner and the second reservoir melt burner based, at least in part, on one or more received signals to control the flow of molten materials from the first reservoir and the second reservoir to maintain a level of molten material in the holding reservoir.
摘要:
The invention relates mixer/flow distributors and their use, e.g., in regenerative reactors. The invention encompasses a process and apparatus for controlling oxidation, e.g., for thermally regenerating a reactor, such as a regenerative, reverse-flow reactor.
摘要:
An electric glass hot shop system is described herein that has at least one electrically powered heating unit (e.g., electric furnace, electric glory hole, electric pipe warmer, electric color box, electric annealer, electric crucible kiln) used in the processing of glass.
摘要:
The arrangement includes one or more steel strip casting plants which are followed by a temperature equalizing furnace, a transverse conveying unit for steel strip sections and a finishing mill. The finishing mill is arranged laterally offset and in the opposite direction of the discharge direction of the steel strip casting plant. Another temperature equalizing furnace is arranged which conveys in the opposite direction of the first temperature equalizing furnace and toward the finishing mill. The temperature equalizing furnaces arranged next to each other are connected to each other by a transverse conveying unit arranged at the front end of the temperature equalizing furnaces.
摘要:
A combination reduction, distillation, reducing metal recovery furnace and process of using the same comprising a pair of vertically displaced vessels in fluid communication wherein the upper vessel contains a perforated inner liner and means to at least periodically charge the top of the vessel with the metal salt to be reduced and a reducing metal, and wherein the lower vessel has a means to periodically withdraw the molten reducing metal salt produced by the redox reaction occurring within the furnace. By initially charging the furnace with sufficient reducing metal salt to establish a liquid level to provide a liquid seal above the bottom of the inner liner and by maintaining this level during the redox reaction, the inner liner can be filled with solid phase reduced metal produced by the reaction (and no reduced metal is produced outside of the liner). Upon completion, the molten reducing metal salt is drained from the furnace, the lower vessel is cooled and the unreacted reducing metal is distilled from the upper vessel and collected in the lower vessel. The unreacted reducing metal can be recycled to the subsequent run by loading a quantity of reducing metal salt into upper vessel and melting it. The reducing metal in the lower vessel is then melted and allowed to float up into the inner liner of the upper vessel where it provides a portion of the reducing metal required for the subsequent run. Such a process and apparatus is useful in producing large quantities of high purity metal such as Zr, Ti, Hf and the like.
摘要:
Liquefying of pulverulent batch materials (e.g., glass batch) is carried out in two stages. The first stage utilizes extended gas/solid contact to heat the materials to an intermediate temperature, and may recover waste heat. The second stage rapidly liquefies the material in a cavity lined with the batch material, and may employ substantially nitrogen-free heat sources. Another aspect involves maintaining a wet condition in the first stage to entrap particulates.
摘要:
Apparatus for heat treatment of metal pieces such as billets, ingots, bars and the like, by pre-heating using hot gas impingement in a pre-heating furnace, and then transference into a holding furnace using forced hot air circulation where the metal pieces are held for the time required at the desired heat treatment temperature.
摘要:
Solid pieces of metal, such as steel scrap and ferrous pellets, are charged in a basin having a refractory inside and progressively melted down by an electric induction heater positioned above the basin and the charge. As melt collects in the bottom of the basin it is continuously or intermittently tapped into a storage container having heating means for keeping the melt molten. This prevents the melt level in the basin's bottom from rising uncontrollably.
摘要:
Sintering nuclear fuel pellets of nuclear fuel oxides having oxygen in stoichiometric excess of the dioxides by passing the nuclear fuel pellets through a reduction furnace having a reducing atmosphere under regulated exposure time or residence time to produce reduced nuclear fuel oxides of desired oxygen content. The reduced pellets are cooled and sent to an intermediate station for checking or holding. The cooled pellets from the intermediate station are sent through a sintering furnace with means for independently regulating the exposure time or residence time in the sintering furnace. Additional features are the independent control of the atmospheres and temperature as well as the humidity concentration in each furnace. Less expensive nitrogen gas may efficiently be used in the process.