Abstract:
A packaging conductive structure for a semiconductor substrate and a method for forming the structure are provided. The dielectric layer of the packaging conductive structure partially overlays the metallic layer of the semiconductor substrate and has a receiving space. The lifting layer and conductive layer are formed in the receiving space, wherein the conductive layer extends for connection to a bump. The lifting layer is partially connected to the dielectric layer. As a result, the conductive layer can be stably deposited on the edge of the dielectric layer for enhancing the reliability of the packaging conductive structure.
Abstract:
A conductive structure for a semiconductor integrated circuit and method for forming the conductive structure are provided. The semiconductor integrated circuit has a pad and a passivation layer partially covering the pad to define a first opening portion having a first lateral size. The conductive structure electrically connects to the pad via the first opening portion. The conductive structure comprises a support layer defining a second opening portion. A conductor is formed in the second opening portion to serve as a bump having a planar top surface.
Abstract:
An inkjet printhead squeegee is split on one side so that its wiping force on a printhead is highest on the front stroke and much lighter on the backstroke when the surface is dry. Alternatively, the split can be arranged so that the front stroke is light enough to leave the printhead wet, and then the backstroke is much firmer to completely squeegee the printhead dry. The result is high pressure strokes on a dry printhead are avoided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a system and method for efficiently distributing multicast messages within computer networks configured to have one or more virtual local area network (VLAN) domains. A multicast network device (MND), having a plurality of interfaces, includes a multicast controller for efficiently distributing multicast messages among subscribing entities associated with various VLAN domains. The multicast controller, which is in communicating relationship with the interfaces, includes a VLAN assignment engine for assigning responsibility for the VLAN domains to the extent there are multiple MNDs. The multicast controller also accesses a multicast tag source to establish a plurality of novel VLAN tags for efficiently distributing multicast messages, including a sub-regional Multicast VLAN Identifier (MVLAN-ID) that encompasses all of the VLAN domains for which the respective MND is responsible, and one or more color-limited MVLAN-IDs that encompass all of the VLAN domains for which the MND is responsible except for one. The multicast controller then tags multicast messages with its sub-regional or a color-limited MVLAN-ID depending on whether the message is considered internal or external by the respective MND. The tagged messages are then forwarded for distribution to the subscribers associated with the various VLAN domains.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula I: (wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, X, n and the dashed line are defined herein) which are useful as modulators of chemokine receptor activity. In particular, these compounds are useful as modulators of the chemokine receptor CCR-2.
Abstract:
A method of making molds for use in manufacturing high precision and high density multiple-lead microstructures. If employs microphoto etching process used in semiconductor manufacturing process to project X-ray and ultraviolet light on a photoresist layer through a X-ray co-mask and a generally used mask to produce exposing process. Through etching and electroplating processes, a plurality of identical punch molds may be made. The punch molds are aligned stacked up one upon the other until a desired height is reached. The stacked up punch molds are electroplated to form a lead punch die for producing microparts desired.
Abstract:
A cell population (55) is cultured on a cell culture substrate (50) while agents contained in agent reservoirs (31, 33, 35) at predefined positions in a culture container (10) diffuse through the substrate (50) and form at least partly overlapping concentration gradients in the substrate (50) within combination areas (41, 43, 45) and substantially non-overlapping concentration gradients in the substrate (50) peripheral to an outer boundary of the agent reservoirs (31, 33, 35). Inhibition end points (61, 63, 65) of respective inhibition zones (60, 62, 64) substantially lacking any growth of the cell population (55) peripheral to the outer boundary of the agent reservoirs (31, 33, 35) and growth end points (71, 73, 75) of respective growth zones (70, 72, 74) comprising growth of the cell population (55) within the combination areas (41, 43, 45) are determined and used to determine interaction effects between the agents on the cell population (55).
Abstract:
System, method and software product for numerically simulating structural behaviors of an engineering product in compressible and near-incomprssible region is disclosed. Meshfree enriched finite element method (ME-FEM) is used for such numerical simulation. ME-FEM requires an engineering product be represented by a FEM model comprising a plurality of finite elements. Finite elements used in the ME-FEM are generally low-order finite elements. Each of the finite elements in the FEM model is enriched by at least one meshfree enriched (ME) node located within the element's domain. Each ME node has additional degrees-of-freedom for the element it belongs independent from those of the corner nodes. A displacement based first-order convex meshfree approximation is applied to the ME node. The convex meshfree approximation has Knonecker-delta property at the element's boundary. The gradient matrix of ME-FEM element satisfies integration constraint. ME-FEM interpolation is an element-wise meshfree interpolation that is discrete divergence-free at the incompressible limit.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a hydrophobic coating material, including: (a) mixing a siloxane precursor, water, and a catalyst to proceed with a sol-gel reaction to form a solution having particles therein, wherein the sol-gel reaction is performed without using any organic solvent; (b) chemically modifying the particles with a hydrophobic agent to form surface-modified particles; and (c) adding a surfactant to the solution containing the surface-modified particles to form a hydrophobic coating material. A hydrophobic coating material and a hydrophobic coating formed by the hydrophobic coating material are also provided. The hydrophobic coating material may preferably have a low VOC (Volatile organic compound) value, and may disperse in a water phase solution.
Abstract:
A jack detection circuit includes a transition circuit and an AD converter. The transition circuit linearizes analog signals sent from a switching circuit. The AD converter converts the linearized analog signals to digital output signals thereby decreasing the complexity of signal recognition.