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    Dynamic artifact compensation systems and methods
    31.
    发明授权
    Dynamic artifact compensation systems and methods 有权
    动态假象补偿系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US09557850B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-31

    申请号：US14630280

    申请日：2015-02-24

    Applicant: APPLE INC.

    Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

    IPC: G09G5/10 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G09G3/20

    CPC classification number: G06F3/0416 ,  G06F3/0412 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G5/12 ,  G09G2310/027 ,  G09G2320/0266 ,  G09G2320/0271 ,  G09G2320/103 ,  G09G2340/16

    Abstract: One embodiment describes an electronic display. The electronic display includes display driver circuitry that display an image frame on the electronic device using a first display pixel and a second display pixel, touch sensing circuitry that detect user interaction with the electronic display, and a timing controller. The timing controller receives image data, in which the image data describes a target grayscale value of the first pixel and the second pixel to display the image frame, instructs the display driver circuitry to display a first portion of the image frame by writing the image data to the first display pixel, instructs the touch sensing circuitry to determine whether a user touch is present on a surface of the electronic display after the first portion of the image frame is displayed, determines grayscale value displayed by the second display pixel to display a previous image frame, and instructs the display driver circuitry to display a second portion of the image frame by writing adjusted image data to the second display pixel when the displayed grayscale value differs from the target grayscale value of the second pixel by more than a threshold amount.

    Abstract translation: 一个实施例描述了电子显示器。 电子显示器包括使用第一显示像素和第二显示像素在电子设备上显示图像帧的显示驱动器电路，检测用户与电子显示器的交互的触摸感测电路以及定时控制器。 定时控制器接收图像数据，其中图像数据描述第一像素的目标灰度值和用于显示图像帧的第二像素，指示显示驱动器电路通过写入图像数据来显示图像帧的第一部分 指示触摸感测电路在显示图像帧的第一部分之后确定用户触摸是否存在于电子显示器的表面上，确定由第二显示像素显示的灰度值以显示前一个 并且当所显示的灰度值与第二像素的目标灰度值不同于阈值时，通过将调整后的图像数据写入第二显示像素来指示显示驱动器电路显示图像帧的第二部分。

    Display with spatial and temporal refresh rate buffers
    32.
    发明授权
    Display with spatial and temporal refresh rate buffers 有权
    显示空间和时间刷新率缓冲区

    公开(公告)号：US09524694B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-12-20

    申请号：US14527672

    申请日：2014-10-29

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Zhibing Ge

    IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G09G3/34 ,  G09G5/00 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G5/391

    CPC classification number: G09G5/02 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G5/001 ,  G09G5/391 ,  G09G2320/103 ,  G09G2340/0435

    Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels. The display may be controlled using display driver circuitry. The display driver circuitry may analyze image data to be displayed on the array. When static content is detected, the rate at which the pixels are refreshed may be adjusted to conserve power. If a static image is detected, the gate lines may be asserted at a lower refresh rate than if moving content is detected. To avoid visible artifacts, the display driver circuitry may use temporal and spatial refresh rate buffers. Temporal buffers ensure that refresh rates are changed gradually as a function of time, thereby minimizing flicker. Spatial refresh rate buffers are used to provide a smooth transition between low refresh rate and high refresh rate regions in a display as a function of position.

    Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有像素阵列。 可以使用显示驱动器电路来控制显示。 显示驱动器电路可以分析要在阵列上显示的图像数据。 当检测到静态内容时，可以调整像素刷新的速率以节省功率。 如果检测到静态图像，则可以以比检测到移动内容更低的刷新率来确定栅极线。 为了避免可见的伪影，显示驱动器电路可以使用时间和空间刷新率缓冲器。 时间缓冲器确保刷新率随着时间的推移而逐渐变化，从而使闪烁最小化。 空间刷新率缓冲器用于提供作为位置的函数的显示器中的低刷新率和高刷新率区域之间的平滑过渡。

    Electronic Device Display With Charge Accumulation Tracker
    33.
    发明申请
    Electronic Device Display With Charge Accumulation Tracker 有权
    电子设备显示与电荷累积追踪器

    公开(公告)号：US20160351138A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-12-01

    申请号：US14722620

    申请日：2015-05-27

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  Brijesh Tripathi ,  Christopher Philip Alan Tann ,  David S. Zalatimo ,  Guy Cote ,  Hao Nan ,  Marc Albrecht ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Sandro H. Pintz

    IPC: G09G3/36

    CPC classification number: G09G3/3614 ,  G09G2320/0204 ,  G09G2320/0247 ,  G09G2320/0257 ,  G09G2320/046 ,  G09G2340/0435 ,  G09G2360/16

    Abstract: An electronic device may generate content that is to be displayed on a display. The display may have an array of liquid crystal display pixels for displaying image frames of the content. The image frames may be displayed with positive and negative polarities to help reduce charge accumulation effects. A charge accumulation tracker may analyze the image frames to determine when there is a risk of excess charge accumulation. The charge accumulation tracker may analyze information on gray levels, frame duration, and frame polarity. The charge accumulation tracker may compute a charge accumulation metric for entire image frames or may process subregions of each frame separately. When subregions are processed separately, each subregion may be individually monitored for a risk of excess charge accumulation.

    Abstract translation: 电子设备可以产生要显示在显示器上的内容。 显示器可以具有用于显示内容的图像帧的液晶显示像素阵列。 可以以正极性和负极性显示图像帧以帮助减少电荷积累效应。 电荷累积跟踪器可以分析图像帧以确定何时存在电荷累积过多的风险。 电荷累积跟踪器可以分析关于灰度级，帧持续时间和帧极性的信息。 电荷积累跟踪器可以计算整个图像帧的电荷累积度量，或者可以分别处理每个帧的子区域。 当分区域被单独处理时，每个子区域可以被单独地监视以产生过量电荷累积的风险。

    ENTRY CONTROLLED INVERSION IMBALANCE COMPENSATION
    34.
    发明申请
    ENTRY CONTROLLED INVERSION IMBALANCE COMPENSATION 有权
    入侵控制逆向补偿

    公开(公告)号：US20160232833A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-11

    申请号：US14617564

    申请日：2015-02-09

    Applicant: APPLE INC.

    Inventor： Chaohao Wang ,  David S. Zalatimo ,  Lei Zhao ,  Christopher P. Tann ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Sandro H. Pintz ,  Yi Huang ,  Jun Qi

    IPC: G09G3/20

    CPC classification number: G09G3/2092 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G2310/0254 ,  G09G2310/04 ,  G09G2310/08 ,  G09G2320/0266 ,  G09G2340/0435

    Abstract: One embodiment describes an electronic display that displays image frames with a first refresh rate or a second refresh rate, in which the second refresh rate is lower than the first refresh rate; a display driver that writes the image frames by applying voltage to a display panel; and a timing controller that receives first image data from an image source, in which the first image data describes a first image frame and a first desired refresh rate equal to the second fresh rate; and that instructs the display driver to apply a first set of voltage polarities to the display panel to display first image frame at the first refresh rate and to apply a second set of voltage polarities to the display the first image frame at the second refresh rate when polarity of inversion imbalance accumulated is equal to polarity of the first set of voltage polarities.

    Abstract translation: 一个实施例描述了一种电子显示器，其显示具有第一刷新率或第二刷新率的图像帧，其中第二刷新率低于第一刷新率; 通过向显示面板施加电压来写入图像帧的显示驱动器; 以及定时控制器，其从图像源接收第一图像数据，其中第一图像数据描述第一图像帧和等于第二新鲜率的第一期望刷新率; 并且指示显示驱动器将第一组电压极性施加到显示面板以以第一刷新率显示第一图像帧，并且以第二刷新率将第二组电压极性施加到第一图像帧， 累积的反转不平衡极性等于第一组电压极性的极性。

    Low-Flicker Liquid Crystal Display
    35.
    发明申请
    Low-Flicker Liquid Crystal Display 有权
    低闪烁液晶显示器

    公开(公告)号：US20160209711A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-07-21

    申请号：US14702556

    申请日：2015-05-01

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Chaohao Wang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Ming-Chin Hung ,  Paolo Sacchetto ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Shang-Chih Lin

    IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G06F3/147

    CPC classification number: G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133357 ,  G02F2001/134372 ,  G06F3/147

    Abstract: A display may have upper and lower display layers. A layer of liquid crystal material may be interposed between the upper and lower display layers. The display layers may have substrates. A thin-film transistor layer may have a layer of thin-film transistor structures on a substrate such as a clear glass layer. A planarization layer may be formed on the thin-film transistor structures. A transparent conductive layer may be formed on the planarization layer The display may have a dielectric layer on the transparent conductive layer. Pixels may be formed in the display layers. The pixels may include pixel electrodes having fingers. The fingers may be formed on the dielectric layer. Trenches in the dielectric layer may be formed between the fingers. The trenches may extend to the transparent conductive layer or may be formed only partway into the dielectric layer.

    Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有上和下显示层。 可以在上显示层和下显示层之间插入一层液晶材料。 显示层可以具有基底。 薄膜晶体管层可以在诸如透明玻璃层的基板上具有薄膜晶体管结构层。 平坦化层可以形成在薄膜晶体管结构上。 透明导电层可以形成在平坦化层上。显示器可以在透明导电层上具有介电层。 可以在显示层中形成像素。 像素可以包括具有指状物的像素电极。 指状物可以形成在电介质层上。 电介质层中的沟槽可以形成在手指之间。 沟槽可以延伸到透明导电层，或者可以仅形成在介电层的中间部分。

    Pre-processing in a display pipeline
    37.
    发明授权
    Pre-processing in a display pipeline 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12200184B2

    公开(公告)日：2025-01-14

    申请号：US18392938

    申请日：2023-12-21

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Sheng Zhang ,  Chaohao Wang ,  Yue Ma

    IPC: H04N13/305 ,  G02B30/29 ,  G06F16/16 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T5/70 ,  G06T5/92 ,  G06T11/40 ,  G09G3/00 ,  G09G3/20 ,  H04N13/133 ,  H04N13/15 ,  H04N13/398 ,  H04N13/383

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a lenticular display. The lenticular display may have a lenticular lens film formed over an array of pixels. The display may have a number of independently controllable viewing zones. Each viewing zone displays a respective two-dimensional image. Each eye of the viewer may receive a different one of the two-dimensional images, resulting in a perceived three-dimensional image. The electronic device may include display pipeline circuitry that generates and processes content to be displayed on the lenticular display. Content generating circuitry may initially generate content that includes a plurality of two-dimensional images, each two-dimensional image corresponding to a respective viewing zone. Pre-processing circuitry may subsequently anisotropically resize each two-dimensional image. Pixel mapping circuitry may then be used to map the resized two-dimensional images to the array of pixels in the lenticular display.

    Optical system with ghost image mitigation
    40.
    发明授权
    Optical system with ghost image mitigation 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11885959B1

    公开(公告)日：2024-01-30

    申请号：US16550108

    申请日：2019-08-23

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Wei-Liang Hsu ,  Sheng Zhang ,  Mark F. Flynn ,  Yury A. Petrov ,  Chaohao Wang

    IPC: G02B27/28 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B5/00 ,  G02B13/00 ,  G02B1/115

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0018 ,  G02B1/115 ,  G02B5/003 ,  G02B13/002

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system with a pixel array and a catadioptric lens. The display system may include a linear polarizer through which image light from the pixel array passes and a first quarter wave plate through which the light passes after passing through the polarizer. The lens may include a partial mirror, a second quarter wave plate, and a reflective polarizer. A third quarter wave plate may be formed between the linear polarizer and the pixel array to mitigate ghost images. Control circuitry may predict potential ghost images based on the geometry of the lens and data from an image frame. Tone mapping circuitry may adjust contrast of the image frame within a region overlapping the predicted ghost image. The control circuitry may adjust luminance of the image frame outside of the region overlapping the predicted ghost image.

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