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    Preparation of polycondensates of citric acid and use thereof in detergents and cleaners
    31.
    发明授权
    Preparation of polycondensates of citric acid and use thereof in detergents and cleaners 失效
    柠檬酸缩聚物的制备及其在洗涤剂和清洁剂中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US5652330A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-29

    申请号：US515806

    申请日：1995-08-16

    申请人： Dieter Boeckh ,  Angelika Funhoff ,  Alexander Kud ,  Richard Baur ,  Volker Schwendemann ,  Gunnar Schornick

    发明人： Dieter Boeckh ,  Angelika Funhoff ,  Alexander Kud ,  Richard Baur ,  Volker Schwendemann ,  Gunnar Schornick

    IPC分类号： C02F5/12 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G69/44 ,  C11D3/37 ,  C08F6/00 ,  C08J3/00

    CPC分类号： C02F5/12 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G69/44 ,  C11D3/3757

    摘要： Process for preparing polycondensates of citric acid and/or isocitric acid, by converting(a) citric acid, isocitric acid or mixtures thereof in an organic solvent in the presence of a water-withdrawing agent at least partially into the anhydride form and then condensing the reaction mixture, if desired after addition of two cocondensable compounds selected from the group consisting of(b) other hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or(c) amino acids, alcohols, amines and/or at least dibasic carboxylic acids other than carboxylic acids (a) and (b), at temperatures of at least 80.degree. C. to form polycarboxylates which have an average molecular weight of at least 500, polycondensates of citric acid and/or isocitric acid obtainable thereby, anduse of said polycondensates as ingredients in phosphate-free and reduced-phosphate detergents and cleaners, and also detergents and cleaners which contain at least one surfactant and optionally builders and other customary constituents with from 0.1 to 30% by weight of an abovementioned polyestercarboxylate.

    摘要翻译： 通过在吸水剂存在下，在有机溶剂中将（a）柠檬酸，异柠檬酸或其混合物至少部分转化成酸酐形式，然后将（a）柠檬酸和/或异柠檬酸的缩聚物 （b）其它羟基羧酸和/或（c）氨基酸，醇，胺和/或除羧酸以外的至少二元羧酸（a）中的两种可共缩合化合物，如果需要， 和（b）中，在至少80℃的温度下形成平均分子量至少为500的聚羧酸酯，由此得到的柠檬酸和/或异柠檬酸的缩聚物，以及所述缩聚物作为磷酸盐 - 游离和还原磷酸盐洗涤剂和清洁剂，以及含有至少一种表面活性剂和任选的助洗剂和其它常规组分的洗涤剂和清洁剂，其含量为0.1-30％ 重量的上述聚酯羧酸酯。

    Dry film resist and production of resist images
    34.
    发明授权
    Dry film resist and production of resist images 失效
    干膜抗蚀剂和抗蚀剂图像的生产

    公开(公告)号：US4725524A

    公开(公告)日：1988-02-16

    申请号：US810168

    申请日：1985-12-18

    申请人： Albert Elzer ,  Gunnar Schornick ,  Axel Sanner

    发明人： Albert Elzer ,  Gunnar Schornick ,  Axel Sanner

    IPC分类号： G03C1/00 ,  G03F7/004 ,  G03F7/027 ,  G03C11/12 ,  G03C1/68

    CPC分类号： G03F7/027 ,  Y10S430/111

    摘要： In dry film resists possessing a solid photopolymerizable resist layer, which is applied on a temporary base and can be developed with aqueous, in particular aqueous alkaline, media, and, if required, a cover sheet on the resist layer, the said resist layer is built from a homogeneous mixture of (a) not less than 40% by weight of one or more oligomers which contain free carboxyl groups and more than two acryloyl and/or methacryloyl groups and are soluble or dispersible in aqueous alkaline solutions, (b) from 1 to 35% by weight of one or more film-forming compatible polymers which are soluble in aqueous media, (c) from 1 to 30% by weight of one or more compatible photopolymerizable monomers, (d) from 0.001 to 10% by weight of one or more photoinitiators and (e) from 0 to 30% by weight of further additives and/or assistants. Resist images are produced on a substrate by a process employing photopolymerizable resist layers of the type stated above.

    摘要翻译： 在具有固体可光聚合抗蚀剂层的干膜抗蚀剂中，其施加在临时基底上，并且可以用水性，特别是碱性碱性介质显影，并且如果需要，可以在抗蚀剂层上展开覆盖片，所述抗蚀剂层是 由（a）不少于40重量％的一种或多种含有游离羧基和多于两个丙烯酰基和/或甲基丙烯酰基并且可溶于或分散于碱性水溶液中的低聚物的均匀混合物制备，（b） 1至35重量％的一种或多种可溶于水性介质的成膜相容聚合物，（c）1至30重量％的一种或多种相容的可光聚合单体，（d）0.001至10重量％ 的一种或多种光引发剂和（e）0至30重量％的其它添加剂和/或助剂。 通过使用上述类型的可光聚合抗蚀剂层的方法在基材上产生抗蚀图像。

    Process for producing photo-cured printing plates possessing a defined hardness
    35.
    发明授权
    Process for producing photo-cured printing plates possessing a defined hardness 失效
    制造具有规定硬度的光固化印版的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4606994A

    公开(公告)日：1986-08-19

    申请号：US726286

    申请日：1985-04-23

    申请人： Karl H. Illers ,  Mong-Jon Jun ,  Gunnar Schornick

    发明人： Karl H. Illers ,  Mong-Jon Jun ,  Gunnar Schornick

    IPC分类号： G03F7/16 ,  G03C7/00

    CPC分类号： G03F7/168

    摘要： Photocured layers possessing a defined controllable hardness are produced by exposing a layer of a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable mixture, which contains a partially crystalline polymeric binder possessing olefinic double bonds capable of undergoing polymerization, to actinic light, by a method in which the photocurable layer, prior to exposure to actinic light, is subjected to a heat treatment in which the partially crystalline parts of the polymeric binder are partially or completely fused.

    摘要翻译： 具有确定的可控硬度的光固化层通过将可光聚合或可光交联的混合物层（其含有具有能够进行聚合的具有烯属双键的部分结晶聚合物粘合剂）暴露于光化学光，通过以下方法曝光：光可固化层，先前 曝光于光化性光，经受热处理，其中聚合物粘合剂的部分结晶部分部分或完全熔合。

    Photopolymerizable composition with acylphosphine sulfide photoinitiator and method
    36.
    发明授权
    Photopolymerizable composition with acylphosphine sulfide photoinitiator and method 失效
    具有酰基膦硫化物光引发剂的光聚合组合物及方法

    公开(公告)号：US4522693A

    公开(公告)日：1985-06-11

    申请号：US500429

    申请日：1983-06-02

    申请人： Andreas Henne ,  Anton Hesse ,  Guenter Heil ,  Gunnar Schornick

    发明人： Andreas Henne ,  Anton Hesse ,  Guenter Heil ,  Gunnar Schornick

    IPC分类号： C07F9/53 ,  C07F9/58 ,  C08F2/00 ,  C08F2/48 ,  C08F2/50 ,  C08K5/5398 ,  G03F7/029

    CPC分类号： G03F7/029 ,  C07F9/5337 ,  C08K5/5398 ,  Y10S430/111 ,  Y10S430/122

    摘要： Acylphosphine sulfides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic radical; R.sup.2 has the meaning of R.sup.1 and can be identical to or different from R.sup.1, or is alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy or phenoxyalkyl, or R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 are linked together to form a ring, which may contain further alkyl substituents and fused-on benzene rings; R.sup.3 is alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical, substituted phenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted naphthyl or heterocyclic radical or the group ##STR2## where X is unsubstituted or substituted phenylene or an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic divalent radical; and where one or more of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be olefinically unsaturated.These acylphosphine sulfides can be prepared from acylphosphines and sulfur and can be used as photoinitiators in photopolymerizable compositions.

    摘要翻译： 其中R 1为烷基，环烷基或未取代或取代的苯基，萘基或杂环基团的酰基膦硫化物。 R 2具有R 1的含义并且可以与R 1相同或不同，或者是烷氧基，未取代或取代的苯氧基或苯氧基烷基，或者R 1或R 2连接在一起形成环，其可以含有其它烷基取代基和稠合在苯上 戒指; R3是烷基，脂环族基团，取代的苯基，未取代或取代的萘基或杂环基团或基团，其中X是未取代或取代的亚苯基或脂族或脂环族二价基团; 并且其中R 1，R 2和R 3中的一个或多个可以是烯属不饱和的。 这些酰基膦硫化物可以由酰基膦和硫制备，并且可以用作可光聚合组合物中的光引发剂。