摘要:
Disclosed are solar cells and methods for making solar cells. An example solar cell may include an electron conductor layer. The solar cell may also include a hole conductor layer. An insulating layer may be disposed between the electron conductor layer and the hole conductor layer. The insulating layer may have a plurality of pores. Absorber material may be disposed at least partially within at least some of the plurality of pores.
摘要:
A solar cell including a quantum dot, an electron conductor, and a conjugated bridge molecule disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The conjugated bridge molecule may include a quantum dot anchor that bonds to the quantum dot and an electron conductor anchor that bonds to the electron conductor. In some instances, the quantum dot anchor and/or the electron conductor anchor may independently include two anchoring moieties that can form ring structures with the quantum dot and/or the electron conductor. The solar cell may further include a hole conductor that is configured to reduce the quantum dot once the quantum dot absorbs a photon and ejects an electron through the conjugated bridge molecule and into the electron conductor.
摘要:
A CPP magnetic sensor is disclosed with a ferromagnetic layer that extends in a first direction a first distance; a nonferromagnetic spacer layer that adjoins the ferromagnetic layer and extends in the first direction a second distance that is substantially equal to the first distance; and a ferromagnetic structure that is separated from the ferromagnetic layer by the spacer layer, the ferromagnetic structure having a first section that extends in the first direction a third distance that is substantially equal to the second distance, the ferromagnetic structure having a second section that is disposed further than the first section from the spacer layer, the second section extending at least twice as far as the first section in the first direction. The ferromagnetic structure can be used for in-stack bias or pinning of free or pinned layers, respectively, and side shields can be provided for high areal density.
摘要:
A process for forming a mode size converter with an out-of-plane taper formed during deposition with a shadow mask is disclosed. Mode-size converters according to the present invention can have any number of configurations. Measured coupling efficiencies for waveguides with mode size converters according to the present invention show marked improvement.
摘要:
A magnetoresistive sensor for use in a data storage device has a recessed sensing element (magnetic tunnel junction, CPP spin valve, etc.) with an exchange biased sensing ferromagnetic (free) layer, and a flux guide that magnetically connects the sensing element to a sensing surface of the sensor. The free layer is selectively exchange biased by a layer of exchange bias material placed under non-active regions of the free layer that lie outside the sensing element and flux guide track widths. The flux guide is provided by extending the free layer from a forward edge of the sensing element to the sensor surface. Advantageously, the sensing element and the flux guide have equal track width so that magnetic flux directed from the flux guide into the sensing element is not diluted with consequent loss of sensitivity.
摘要:
Embodiments generally relate to detection of end of service life for respirator filter cartridges for organic vapor(s). Typically, detection of end of service life might use a competitive UV absorbance-fluorescence approach. Thus, a sensor that emits light upon application of UV may be placed within the cartridge, with a UV lamp and a light detector directed at the sensor. In some embodiments, a plurality of corresponding sensor and UV lamp and light detector might be used. Typically, the light level emitted by the sensor(s) might be used to estimate effective end of service life.
摘要:
An optical system for light energy concentration may comprise a light concentrator including two or more light-converging elements, a light splitting element to receive the converging light from the light-converging elements and to produce light having a first spectral component and light having a second spectral component, and a light directing element to direct the light having the first spectral component through a light guide and to direct the light having the second spectral component to a location external to the light guide.
摘要:
A method and system for providing a magnetic transducer for recording to media is described. The method and system include providing a first pole, a main pole, an auxiliary pole, and at least one coil. The main pole has a first media-facing surface including a recessed portion and a write portion. The auxiliary pole is magnetically coupled with the main pole and has a second media-facing surface. The second media-facing surface includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is in proximity to the write portion of the first media-facing surface of the main pole. The second portion is in proximity to and recessed from the recessed portion of the first media-facing surface of the main pole. The coil(s) are for energizing the main pole.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for real-time, simultaneous, qualitative measurement of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms in one or more target nucleic acids is provided. This method involves combining a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with an evanescent wave technique.
摘要:
An apparatus includes a porous membrane for retaining antigens from a sample as the sample passes through the membrane. The apparatus also includes a first binding region within the membrane. The first binding region includes antibodies associated with a first antigen of interest. At least some of the antigens retained in the membrane are brought into contact with the first binding region by applying an electrophoresis field across the membrane. The porous membrane could also include an electrophoresis buffer. A presence of the first antigen of interest could be detected by exposing the first binding region to a chemiluminescent reagent, and a quantity of the first antigen of interest could be determined by performing a chemiluminescent assay on the binding region.