Abstract:
An x-ray imaging system uses a synchrotron radiation beam to acquire x-ray images and at least one integrated x-ray source. The system has an imaging system including sample stage controlled by linear translation stages, objective x-ray lens, and x-ray sensitive detector system, placed on a fixed optical table and a mechanical translation stage system to switch x-ray sources when synchrotron radiation beam is not available.
Abstract:
A circuit and corresponding method for providing a reference voltage are presented. The circuit includes a current source having a magnitude with positive temperature correlation connected to a node, and a diode element connected between the node and ground, where the reference voltage is provided from the node. The circuit also includes a variable resistance connected to receive an input indicative of the circuit temperature and through which the diode element is connected to the node. The value of the variable resistance is adjusted based upon the circuit temperature input. The circuit is useful for application as a peripheral circuitry, such as on a flash or other non-volatile memory and other circuits requiring an on-chip reference voltage source.
Abstract:
Techniques and corresponding circuitry for deriving a supply a bias voltage for a memory cell array from a received reference voltage is presented. The circuit includes a voltage determination circuit, which is connected to receive the reference voltage and generate from it the bias voltage, a temperature sensing circuit, and a calibration circuit. The calibration circuit is connected to receive the bias voltage and to receive a temperature indication from the temperature sensing circuit and determine from the bias voltage and temperature indication a compensation factor that is supplied to the voltage determination circuit, which adjusts the bias voltage based upon the compensation factor.
Abstract:
A projection x-ray imaging system that possibly utilizes a laboratory-based micro-focused x-ray source is disclosed. Techniques for optimizing the system for high quality, three dimensional image formation with tomographic imaging with the potential for high resolution and high throughput are described. It also concerns ways to optimize the system design to obtain improved image quality.
Abstract:
A digital x-ray phase contrast soft tissue imaging and mammography system offers significant cancer detection sensitivity and a significant improvement in accurate detection and interpretation of mammograms. In addition, the proposed system produces digital mammograms and thus has the advantages of digital mammography. The system overcomes the limitation of the current approaches to mammography using phase contrast effects and offers substantially higher performance than the current mammography used in hospitals and clinics. The proposed system uses the phase contrast imaging, in a breast and other soft tissue structures, instead of absorption contrast employed in the current x-ray mammography, allowing detection of smaller disease structures with substantial reduction in radiation dose.
Abstract:
A projection x-ray imaging system that possibly utilizes a laboratory-based micro-focused x-ray source is disclosed. Techniques for optimizing the system for high quality, three dimensional image formation with tomographic imaging with the potential for high resolution and high throughput are described. It also concerns ways to optimize the system design to obtain improved image quality.
Abstract:
A projection-based x-ray imaging system combines projection magnification and optical magnification in order to ease constraints on source spot size, while improving imaging system footprint and efficiency. The system enables tomographic imaging of the sample especially in a proximity mode where the same is held in close proximity to the scintillator. In this case, a sample holder is provided that can rotate the sample. Further, a z-axis motion stage is also provided that is used to control distance between the sample and the scintillator.
Abstract:
A scintillated CCD detector system for imaging x rays uses x-rays having a photon energy in the range of 1 to 20 keV. The detector differs from existing systems in that it provides extremely high resolution of better than a micrometer, and high detection quantum efficiency of up to 95%. The design of this detector also allows it to function as an energy filter to remove high-energy x-rays. This detector is useful in a wide range of applications including x-ray imaging, spectroscopy, and diffraction. The scintillator optical system has scintillator material with a lens system for collecting the light that is generated in the scintillator material. A substrate is used for spacing the scintillator material from the lens system.
Abstract:
An achromatic Fresnel optic that combines a Fresnel zone plate and a refractive Fresnel lens. The zone plate provides high resolution for imaging and focusing, while the refractive lens takes advantage of the refraction index change properties of appropriate elements near absorption edges to recombine the electromagnetic radiation of different energies dispersed by the zone plate. This compound lens effectively solves the high chromatic aberration problem of zone plates. The AFO has a wide range of potential applications in lithography, microimaging with various contrast mechanisms and measurement techniques.
Abstract:
An optical fingerprint reader apparatus is configured to detect skin features of a finger using Frustrated Total Internal Reflection contrast detection. The apparatus comprises a display comprising a transparent cover and a substrate comprising an array of active pixels that serve as an illuminator of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a pinhole array which can be affixed to a transparent display or integrated within an opaque display. An optical sensor is optically coupled to the display via the pinhole array and comprises an array of photosensors. A processor is coupled to the display and the optical sensor. The processor is configured to control reading of signals from the photosensors and to control illumination of selected active pixels in accordance with a predefined scanning pattern that covers a finger sensing region of the transparent cover during a fingerprint reading operation.