摘要:
A method for the determination of the red blood cell indices including the volume, and hemoglobin content and concentration for individual red blood cells, as well as red blood cell population statistics, including total number of red blood cells present in the sample, and mean values for each of the aforementioned indices within a substantially undiluted blood sample is provided.
摘要:
A method for the determination of the red blood cell indices including the volume, and hemoglobin content and concentration for individual red blood cells, as well as red blood cell population statistics, including total number of red blood cells present in the sample, and mean values for each of the aforementioned indices within a substantially undiluted blood sample is provided.
摘要:
A non-animal based mixture of components serves as a control for complete blood count (CBC) analysis instruments and paraphernalia. The centrifugible non-animal based mixture simulates blood, and contains blood cell-simulating and other blood constituent-simulating components which are present in the mixture in controlled and known amounts. The mixture can be gravimetrically separated into its blood constituent-simulating components so as to serve as a control that simulates a centrifuged blood sample, and is thus used to check the accuracy of CBC blood analysis instruments, such as those marketed by Becton Dickinson and Company, under the trademark “QBC”.
摘要:
Useful information about a subject's level of systemic inflammation is obtained by quantitatively measuring the amount of fibrinogen and the hematocrit and or hemoglobin in the subject's whole blood. The fibrinogen measurement, when combined with an hematocrit or hemoglobin measurement, provides a systemic Inflammation Index value for the donor. The method is not affected by blood variables which are not related to the presence of inflammation, which blood variables are known to invalidate an erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which is the most frequently used blood test for detecting systemic inflammation in humans.
摘要:
A biological sample such as feces, sputum, cervical tissue, pleural fluids, exudates, cytologic specimens, or the like, is tested for the presence or absence of: ova; parasites; microorganisms; inflammatory, neoplastic tissue cells; or other target materials which are indicative of infestation, disease or infection. The sample is mixed with a buffer fluid and placed in a transparent tube which contains a volume-constricting cylindrical insert for gravimetric separation of components of the sample. The mixture is centrifuged, and the annular space between the insert and tube bore is examined under magnification for the presence of the target materials.
摘要:
A patient's blood sample is incubated with an antigen and tested for lymphocyte response, ie. an activation of lymphocytes and/or a conversion of lymphocytes to lymphoblasts, which indicates prior exposure of the patient to the antigen. A positive response indicates the presence of prior exposure to prior diseases or clinical conditions such as parasitic diseases, tuberculosis, salmonellosis, gonorrhea, fungal infections, rickettsial infections, Lyme disease or allergens. Whole blood from the patient is incubated with the antigen of the disease or condition for which the patient is being tested. After a suitable time, a fluorescent dye or colorant is added which has an affinity for a discriminant characteristic of the activated lymphocytes or lymphoblasts, such as: intracellular calcium; surface activation antigens such as transferrin receptor; HLA-Dr; Leu-23; and the like. The incubated blood is then drawn into a transparent tube containing a float which concentrates the buffy coat constituent layers upon centrifugation of the blood sample. The concentrated lymphocyte layer is then examined for fluorescence or coloration which is indicative of the presence of the activated lymphocytes or lymphoblasts, and their concentration. The fluorescence or coloration can be qualified and/or quantified by a reader instrument.
摘要:
The presence of fecal occult blood in a stool sample is detected by mixing a liquid stool sample with an acidic liquid, such as a phosphate/citrate buffer, to precipitate hematin from the solution. The precipitated hematin is separated and the presence or absence of hemoglobin is determined by exposing the solution to a peroxidase diagnostic assay. A positive response indicates the presence of blood originating in the lower gastrointestinal tract, a leading indicator of lower GI cancer.
摘要:
A biologic sample such as feces, sputum, cervical tissue, pleural fluids, exudates, cytologic specimens, or the like, is tested for the presence or absence of: ova; parasites; microorganisms; inflammatory, neoplastic tissue cells; or other target materials which are indicative of infestation, disease or infection. The sample is mixed with a buffer fluid and placed in a transparent tube which contains a volume-constricting cylindrical insert for gravimetric separation of components of the sample. The mixture is centrifuged, and the annular space between the insert and tube bore is examined under magnification for the presence of the target materials.
摘要:
Blood constituents are separated by centrifugation in a transparent tube which contains a float for physically elongating certain of the constituents. The centrifuged sample in the tube is positioned on a layer measuring device with which red cell and buffy coat constituent band heights can be measured in ambient light. The buffy coat constituent measurements are made under optical magnification. The measuring device has a mathematically derived red cell layer nomogram printed thereon, and a separate scale for measuring buffy coat constituent bands. Conversion tables are provided for converting the measured buffy coat constituent band lengths into constituent cell counts. The measuring device includes tube-engaging portions for properly positioning the tube during the measurements, and the red cell scale automatically compensates for the presence of the float and densification of red cells needed for proper banding.
摘要:
The method of correcting readings of cell counts in a centrifuged blood sample contained in a transparent tube which also contains a transparent cylindrical float. Light absorption measurements are made at different locations in the tube. A beam of light is directed through the tube and the float and a light absorption reading is taken. A light beam is also directed through the sample above the float and another absorption reading is taken. The ratio of the two readings is determined and compared to a target ratio that is precalculated from an ideal tube and float. Any deviations from the target ratio are proportional to correction factors which are applied to the cell readings taken. A colorant is added to the sample to impart the light absorption capability thereto.