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公开(公告)号：US06853577B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US10264811
申请日：2002-10-03
CPC分类号： G02F1/15 , C09K9/02 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/163 , Y10S977/724
摘要： An electrochromic molecular colorant and a plurality of uses as an erasably writeable medium. Multitudinous types of substrates, such as paper, are adaptable for receiving a coating of the colorant. Electrical fringe field or through fields are used to transform targeted pixel molecules between a first, high color state and transparent state, providing information content having resolution and viewability at least equal to hard copy document print. The scope of the invention includes both the liquid coating and the combination of coating on substrate.
摘要翻译： 电致变色分子着色剂和作为可擦写的介质的多种用途。 多种类型的基材，例如纸，适于接收着色剂的涂层。 电气条纹场或通过场用于在第一，高色状态和透明状态之间转换目标像素分子，提供具有至少等于硬拷贝文档打印的分辨率和可见度的信息内容。 本发明的范围包括液体涂层和在基底上的涂层组合。
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公开(公告)号：US06809956B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-26
申请号：US10264150
申请日：2002-10-03
IPC分类号： G11C1300
CPC分类号： G02F1/15 , C09K9/02 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/163 , Y10S977/724
摘要： An electrochromic molecular colorant and a plurality of uses as an erasably writeable medium. Multitudinous types of substrates, such as paper, are adaptable for receiving a coating of the colorant. Electrical fringe field or through fields are used to transform targeted pixel molecules between a first, high color state and transparent state, providing information content having resolution and viewability at least equal to hard copy document print. The scope of the invention includes both the liquid coating and the combination of coating on substrate.
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公开(公告)号：US06751365B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US10013643
申请日：2001-11-13
IPC分类号： G02F1035
CPC分类号： G11C13/02 , B82Y10/00 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/71 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L27/285 , H01L51/0071 , H01L51/0595
摘要： A molecular system is provided for nanometer-scale reversible electronic and optical switches, specifically, electric field-activated molecular switches that have an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a molecular conformation change or a tautomerization. Changing of extended conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap is accomplished by providing the molecular system with one rotating portion (rotor) and two or more stationary portions (stators), between which the rotor is attached. The molecular system of the present invention has three branches (first, second, and third branches) with one end of each branch connected to a junction unit to form a “Y” configuration. The first and second branches are on one side of the junction unit and the third branch is on the opposite side of the junction unit. The first branch contains a first stator unit in its backbone, the junction unit comprises a second stator unit, and the first branch further contains a rotor unit in its backbone between the first stator unit and the second stator unit. The second branch includes an insulating supporting group in its backbone for providing a length of the second branch substantially equal to that of the first branch, wherein the rotor unit rotates between two states as a function of an externally-applied field.
摘要翻译： 为纳米尺度的可逆电子和光开关提供分子系统，特别是电场激活的分子开关，其具有通过分子构象变化或互变异构发生的电场诱导的带隙变化。 通过化学键合改变延伸共轭以改变带隙的改变通过为分子系统提供一个旋转部分（转子）和两个或更多个固定部分（定子）而实现，转子附接在该固定部分之间。 本发明的分子系统具有三个分支（第一，第二和第三分支），每个分支的一端连接到连接单元以形成“Y”构型。 第一和第二分支在接合单元的一侧，第三分支位于接合单元的相对侧。 第一分支包括其主干中的第一定子单元，接合单元包括第二定子单元，并且第一分支还包括位于第一定子单元和第二定子单元之间的主体中的转子单元。 第二分支包括其主干中的绝缘支撑组，用于提供基本上等于第一分支的第二分支的长度，其中转子单元作为外部施加的磁场的函数在两个状态之间旋转。
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公开(公告)号：US06731532B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US10264812
申请日：2002-10-03
IPC分类号： G11C1300
CPC分类号： G02F1/15 , C09K9/02 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/163 , Y10S977/724
摘要： An electrochromic molecular colorant and a plurality of uses as an erasably writeable medium. Multitudinous types of substrates, such as paper, are adaptable for receiving a coating of the colorant. Electrical fringe field or through fields are used to transform targeted pixel molecules between a first, high color state and transparent state, providing information content having resolution and viewability at least equal to hard copy document print. The scope of the invention includes both the liquid coating and the combination of coating on substrate.
摘要翻译： 电致变色分子着色剂和作为可擦写的介质的多种用途。 多种类型的基材，例如纸，适于接收着色剂的涂层。 电气条纹场或通过场用于在第一，高色状态和透明状态之间转换目标像素分子，提供具有至少等于硬拷贝文档打印的分辨率和可见度的信息内容。 本发明的范围包括液体涂层和在基底上的涂层组合。
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公开(公告)号：US06701035B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-02
申请号：US10187720
申请日：2002-07-01
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 , B82Y10/00 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/17 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/71 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L51/0051 , H01L51/0058 , H01L51/0595
摘要： A molecular system is provided for electric field activated switches, such as optical switches. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a molecular conformation change, based on a rotor/stator construction of the molecular system, involving a rotating portion (rotor) connected between two stationary portions (stators). Nanometer-scale reversible optical switches are thus provided that can be assembled easily to make a variety of optical devices, including optical displays.
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公开(公告)号：US06559468B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09699269
申请日：2000-10-26
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： H01L27/285 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y15/00 , G11C11/34 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/02 , G11C2213/17 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L29/167 , H01L29/73 , H01L51/0595 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/936
摘要： Bipolar and field effect molecular wire transistors are provided. The molecular wire transistor comprises a pair of crossed wires, with at least one of the wires comprising a doped semiconductor material. The pair of crossed wires forms a junction where one wire crosses another, one wire being provided with Lewis acid functional groups and the other wire being provided with Lewis base functional groups. If both wires are doped semiconductor, such as silicon, one is P-doped and the other is N-doped. One wire of a given doping comprises the emitter and collector portions and the other wire comprises the base portion, which is formed by modulation doping on the wire containing the emitter and collector at the junction where the wires cross and between the emitter and collector portions, thereby forming a bipolar transistor. Both NPN and PNP bipolar transistors may be formed. Analogously, one wire may comprise doped semiconductor, such as silicon, and the other wire a metal, the doped silicon wire forming the source and drain and the metal wire forming the gate by modulation doping on the doped silicon wire where the wires cross, between the source and drain, to form a field effect transistor. Both P-channel and N-channel FETs may be formed. The construction of both bipolar transistors and FETs on a nanometer scale, which are self-aligned and modulation-doped, is thereby enabled.
摘要翻译： 提供双极和场效应分子线晶体管。 分子线晶体管包括一对交叉导线，其中至少一根导线包括掺杂的半导体材料。 一对交叉线形成一条线交叉另一条线的连接处，一条线路上设有路易斯酸官能团，另一条线路上设有路易斯碱官能团。 如果两根导线都是诸如硅的掺杂半导体，则一个是P掺杂的，另一个是N掺杂的。 给定掺杂的一条导线包括发射极和集电极部分，另一条导线包括基部，该基部通过在包含发射极和集电极的导线上的调制掺杂形成，其中导线交叉并且在发射极和集电极部分之间， 从而形成双极晶体管。 可以形成NPN和PNP双极晶体管。 类似地，一条导线可以包括诸如硅的掺杂半导体，而另一条导线是金属，形成源极和漏极的掺杂硅线和金属线通过在掺杂的硅线上的调制掺杂形成栅极，其中电线交叉， 源极和漏极，形成场效应晶体管。 可以形成P沟道和N沟道FET。 因此能够实现自对准和调制掺杂的纳米尺度的双极晶体管和FET的构造。
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公开(公告)号：US06459095B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09282048
申请日：1999-03-29
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： H01L27/10 , B82B1/00 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , G11C13/0009 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/02 , G11C2213/72 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L51/0595 , Y10S977/704 , Y10S977/705 , Y10S977/936
摘要： A route to the fabrication of electronic devices is provided, in which the devices consist of two crossed wires sandwiching an electrically addressable molecular species. The approach is extremely simple and inexpensive to implement, and scales from wire dimensions of several micrometers down to nanometer-scale dimensions. The device of the present invention can be used to produce crossbar switch arrays, logic devices, memory devices, and communication and signal routing devices. The present invention enables construction of molecular electronic devices on a length scale than can range from micrometers to nanometers via a straightforward and inexpensive chemical assembly procedure. The device is either partially or completely chemically assembled, and the key to the scaling is that the location of the devices on the substrate are defined once the devices have been assembled, not prior to assembly.
摘要翻译： 提供了制造电子器件的途径，其中器件由夹着电可寻址分子种类的两条交叉导线组成。 该方法实现起来非常简单和便宜，并且从几微米的线尺寸缩小到纳米级尺寸。 本发明的装置可用于产生交叉开关阵列，逻辑器件，存储器件以及通信和信号路由器件。 本发明能够通过直接且廉价的化学组装程序在比例范围从微米到纳米的范围内构建分子电子器件。 该装置部分或完全化学地组装，并且缩放的关键在于，一旦装置组装而不是装配之前，基板上的装置的位置被定义。
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58.发明授权Molecular-wire crossbar interconnect (MWCI) for signal routing and communications 失效用于信号路由和通信的分子线交叉互连（MWCI）公开(公告)号：US06314019B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09280225
申请日：1999-03-29
IPC分类号： G11C1100
CPC分类号： G11C13/025 , B82Y10/00 , G11C13/0009 , G11C2213/34 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , Y10S977/708 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/765 , Y10S977/936
摘要： A molecular-wire crossbar interconnect for signal routing and communications between a first level and a second level in a molecular-wire crossbar is provided. The molecular wire crossbar comprises a two-dimensional array of a plurality of nanometer-scale switches. Each switch is reconfigurable and self-assembling and comprises a pair of crossed wires which form a junction where one wire crosses another and at least one connector species connecting the pair of crossed wires in the junction. The connector species comprises a bi-stable molecule. Each level comprises at least one group of switches and each group of switches comprises at least one switch, with each group in the first level connected to all other groups in the second level in an all-to-all configuration to provide a scalable, defect-tolerant, fat-tree networking scheme. The primary advantage is ease of fabrication, because an active switch is formed any time two wires cross. This saves tremendously on circuit area (a factor of a few times ten), since no other wires or ancillary devices are needed to operate the switch or store the required configuration. This reduction of the area of a configuration bit and its switch to just the area of two crossing wires is a major advantage in constructing a defect-tolerant interconnect network.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于分子线交叉开关中的信号路由和第一级和第二级之间的通信的分子线交叉开关互连。 分子线交叉杆包括多个纳米级开关的二维阵列。 每个开关是可重构和自组装的，并且包括一对交叉线，其形成一条线与另一条线交叉的连接处，以及至少一个在连接处连接一对交叉线的连接器种类。 连接器种类包括双稳态分子。 每个级别包括至少一组交换机，并且每组交换机包括至少一个交换机，其中第一级别中的每个组以全对齐配置连接到第二级别中的所有其他组，以提供可扩展的缺陷 不容忍，胖树联网方案。 主要优点是易于制造，因为在任何时候两根线交叉时形成有源开关。 由于不需要其他电线或辅助设备来操作交换机或存储所需的配置，因此可大大节省电路面积（十倍）。 配置位区域的这种减少及其切换到两条交叉电线的区域是构建容错互连网络的主要优点。
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公开(公告)号：US6060724A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US228214
申请日：1999-01-11
申请人： Curt A. Flory , R. Stanley Williams
发明人： Curt A. Flory , R. Stanley Williams
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/125 , H01L29/66977 , Y10S977/936 , Y10S977/94
摘要： A quantum wire switch and a switching method for switching charge carriers between a first output and a second output utilizing quantum interference of the charge carriers. A quantum switch includes a quantum wire extending from an input to a first output, a second quantum wire extending from the input to a second output, and a third quantum wire extending between the first and second outputs, the three quantum wires together defining a ring. A controllable-length quantum wire electron stub tuner is connected to the ring. As charge carriers propagate from the input around the ring the stub tuner is used to control the quantum interference of the charge carriers resulting in local maxima and minima at various points around the ring. Setting the stub to a first length results in a local maximum at the first output and a local minimum at the second output, and the charge carriers can propagate to the first output and not the second output. Setting the stub to a second length reverses the locations of the local maxima and minima, and the charge carriers propagate to the second output but not the first output. The invention can also include a second controllable-length stub attached to the ring to increase switching efficiency. A quantum switch according to the invention can also act as a simple binary NOT logic gate or a simple binary AND logic gate.
摘要翻译： 一种量子线开关和用于利用电荷载流子的量子干涉在第一输出和第二输出之间切换电荷载流子的切换方法。 量子开关包括从输入延伸到第一输出的量子线，从输入延伸到第二输出的第二量子线，以及在第一和第二输出之间延伸的第三量子线，三个量子线一起限定环 。 可控长度的量子线电子短截线调谐器连接到环上。 随着电荷载体从环绕输入端传播，使用短截线调谐器来控制电荷载流子的量子干涉，导致环周围各个点处的局部最大值和最小值。 将短截线设置为第一长度导致第一输出处的局部最大值和第二输出端的局部最小值，并且电荷载流子可以传播到第一输出而不是第二输出。 将短截线设置为第二长度可以反转局部最大值和最小值的位置，并且电荷载流子传播到第二个输出而不是第一个输出。 本发明还可以包括附接到环的第二可控长度短截线以提高开关效率。 根据本发明的量子开关也可以用作简单的二进制非逻辑门或简单的二进制AND逻辑门。
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公开(公告)号：US08993339B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-31
申请号：US14006721
申请日：2011-03-23
申请人： Ansoon Kim , Zhiyong Li , R Stanley Williams
发明人： Ansoon Kim , Zhiyong Li , R Stanley Williams
IPC分类号： G01N21/00 , G01N21/65 , G01N21/552 , G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N21/00 , G01N21/554 , G01N21/648 , G01N21/658
摘要： A hybrid nanostructure for molecular analysis is disclosed. The structure includes a plurality of nanofingers wherein each nanofinger is coated with a metal coating, is attached at one end to a substrate, and is freely bendable along its length such that the second ends of each nanofinger are capable of movement toward each other to form a cavity. The structure further includes a nanoparticle trapped in the cavity. An array of hybrid nanostructures and a method for fabricating the hybrid nanostructures are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于分子分析的杂化纳米结构。 该结构包括多个纳米针，其中每个纳米针涂覆有金属涂层，其一端连接到基底，并且可沿其长度自由弯曲，使得每个纳米针的第二端能够朝向彼此移动以形成 一个空腔。 该结构还包括捕获在空腔中的纳米颗粒。 还公开了一系列混合纳米结构和制备混合纳米结构的方法。
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