摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a spiral membrane element that can improve the barrier property of a fiber reinforced plastic layer having a fiber roll as a reinforcing phase and that can effectively prevent occurrence of cracks. The spiral membrane element of the present invention is a spiral membrane element containing a cylindrical roll R in which a separation membrane, a feed-side flow passageway member, and a permeate-side flow passageway member are spirally wound in a laminate state around a perforated center tube 5 and in which a sealing part for preventing mixing of feed-side fluid and permeate-side fluid is disposed, wherein a fiber reinforced plastic layer 26 having a fiber roll as a reinforcing phase is formed on the outer circumferential side of said cylindrical roll R, and a plastic layer 24 is disposed in the inner part or on the inner side of the fiber reinforced plastic layer 26 approximately over the entire length and approximately over the entire circumference of the fiber reinforced plastic layer 26.
摘要:
A spiral membrane element having an enlarged effective membrane surface area without having its separation performance lowered, while maintaining the sealing property of any sealing portion of a cylindrically wound body, and a manufacturing method of the same are disclosed. The spiral membrane element includes a cylindrically wound body comprising a perforated central tube and, spirally wound therearound, a separation membrane, a feed-side passage material and a permeation-side passage material in a laminated state, and a sealing portion for preventing a feed-side fluid and a permeation-side fluid from being mixed together, wherein the sealing portion formed at each of both ends of the cylindrically wound body is spirally formed with a substantially constant width by an adhesive and has a trimmed section formed on its whole end surface, and the cylindrically wound body has a ratio of its length to the length of the central tube of 0.96 to 1.00, and a ratio of an ineffective membrane surface area to the entire membrane surface area of 0.02 to 0.10.
摘要:
A processing unit for a substrate has a vertical thermal processing furnace 4 having a bottom and an opening 4a provided at the bottom. A boat 3 holding substrates W in vertical multistairs can be placed on a first lid 17, and the first lid 17 can open and close the opening 4a of the vertical thermal processing furnace 4 with the boat 3 placed thereon. The processing unit also has a boat-placing portion 19 on which the boat 3 and another boat 3 can be placed and a boat conveying mechanism 21 for conveying the two boats 3 alternatively between the boat-placing portion 19 and the first lid 17. A second lid 18 hermetically closes the opening 4a of the vertical thermal processing furnace 4 when the first lid 17 opens the opening 4a but no boat 3 passes through the opening 4a. The processing unit can effectively reduce the undesirable influence from the opening 4a when the first lid 17 is taken off from the opening 4a and the boat 3 is conveyed out, and can also reduce the wasted energy by preventing the fall of the temperature in the interior of the thermal processing furnace 4.
摘要:
A lens driving apparatus of a disc player which can avoid the rolling of a movable portion without increasing a weight of a movable portion of an actuator and printed circuit board coils for the lens driving apparatus are provided. A center of gravity of a focusing coil is located on a lower side in the focusing direction than a plane including a distribution center line of a drive force which is generated from a pair of tracking coils.
摘要:
A disc player has a first array of pickup devices arranged in a line for reading information from a disc and a second array of pickup devices arranged in a parallel line. The pickup devices are each independently movable along their respective lines with the devices of the first line offset from the devices of the second line so as to form a zigzag pattern.
摘要:
A processing unit for a substrate comprises a partition 6 provided between an atmospheric area S1 and an inert gas area S2. The partition 6 has an opening 22 to communicate the atmospheric area S1 and the inert gas area S2. A door 23 is provided at the opening 22 to open and close it. Carrier holding device 11 is provided for holding a carrier 2 of the substrate in such a manner that the carrier 2 comes in contact with the opening 22 on the side of the atmospheric area. Inert gas replacing device 56 is provided for replacing a gas in the carrier 2 with an inert gas by introducing the inert gas into the carrier 2 when the door 23 closes the opening 22 and the carrier 2 comes in contact with the opening 22 on the side of the atmospheric area by the carrier holding device 11. This processing unit can perform the process of the substrate without increasing the concentration of the oxygen in the inert gas area S2 by preventing leakage of the air from the atmospheric area S1 into the inert gas area S2.
摘要:
A disc player includes at least one pickup device, which includes a pair of objective lenses for reading information from a disc. The pair of objective lenses are independently movable in the radial direction of the disc by a magnetic field generated by a common magnet.
摘要:
Disclosed are a composite semipermeable membrane which is excellent in the chlorine resistance and also gives a high desalting faculty and a large water flux, in particular, under a low operation pressure and a production method thereof. The composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous base material having formed thereon a semipermeable thin film formed by crosslinking polymerization of 2,6-diaminotoluene monomer or a mixture of 2,6-diaminotoluene monomer and other amino compound monomer with a polyfunctional crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the amino group(s) of the monomer(s) in one molecule in the presence of an amine salt.
摘要:
A gap is defined between an inner region of an end face of a first container member of a container and an inner region of an abutting portion of a second container member, the inner regions being situated inside a seal member. The respective inner regions of the end face of the first container member and the abutting portion of the second container member, which are situated inside the seal member, are prevented from coming into contact with each other when the interior of the container is decompressed. Even though the second container member is bent inward by atmospheric pressure when the container is decompressed to a predetermined degree of vacuum, therefore, the abutting portion thereof cannot come into contact with the inner edge of the end face of the first container member. Thus, if decompression and exposure to atmospheric pressure are repeated to bend the container member repeatedly, there is no possibility of the inner edge portion of the end face of the first container member being separated or rubbed off to produce dust.
摘要:
A wafer boat has an upper projection, a lower projection, and a lower flange. A horizontal/vertical conversion handling apparatus for handling the wafer boat comprises a rotatable arm, and upper and lower hands provided at both ends of the arm. The arm is rotatable by at least 90.degree. in a vertical plane. The upper hand has boat contact portions for contact in horizontal and vertical modes, which are engaged with the upper projection on both sides thereof. The boat contact portions of the upper hand are vertically arranged such that the positions of the boat contact portions are reversed by the 180.degree. rotation of the upper hand. The lower hand has boat contact portions for contact in a horizontal mode, which are engaged with the lower projection on both sides thereof, and boat contact portions for contact in a vertical mode, which are engaged with the lower surface of the lower flange. The boat contact portions of the lower hand are vertically arranged, such that the positions of both the boat contact portions for contact in the horizontal mode and the boat contact portions for contact in the vertical mode are reversed by the 180.degree. rotation of the lower hand. The positions of the boat contact portions ar changed according to the steps to be performed, thereby preventing cross-contamination.