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    Optical coherence tomography with 3d coherence scanning
    51.
    发明授权
    Optical coherence tomography with 3d coherence scanning 有权
    光学相干断层扫描与3d相干扫描

    公开(公告)号：US07474407B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

    申请号：US10546421

    申请日：2004-02-17

    申请人： Mikhail Gutin

    发明人： Mikhail Gutin

    IPC分类号： G01B9/02

    CPC分类号： G01B9/02007 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/411 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/0201 ,  G01B9/02012 ,  G01B9/02027 ,  G01B9/02034 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/65 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/1787 ,  G01N2021/458 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/0691 ,  G01N2201/08

    摘要： Optical coherence tomography with 3D coherence scanning is disclosed, using at least three fibers (201, 202, 203) for object illumination and collection of backscattered light. Fiber tips (1, 2, 3) are located in a fiber tip plane (71) normal to the optical axis (72). Light beams emerging from the fibers overlap at an object (122) plane, a subset of intersections of the beams with the plane defining field of view (266) of the optical coherence tomography apparatus. Interference of light emitted and collected by the fibers creates a 3D fringe pattern. The 3D fringe pattern is scanned dynamically over the object by phase shift delays (102, 104) controlled remotely, near ends of the fibers opposite the tips of the fibers, and combined with light modulation. The dynamic fringe pattern is backscattered by the object, transmitted to a light processing system (108) such as a photo detector, and produces an AC signal on the output of the light processing system (108). Phase demodulation of the AC signal at selected frequencies and signal processing produce a measurement of a 3D profile of the object.

    摘要翻译： 公开了具有3D相干扫描的光学相干断层摄影，使用至少三个光纤（201,202,203）进行物体照明和收集后向散射光。 纤维尖端（1,2,3）位于垂直于光轴（72）的纤维末端平面（71）中。 从光纤出射的光束在对象（122）平面处重叠，光束与定义光学相干断层摄影装置的视场（266）的平面的交点的子集重叠。 由纤维发出和收集的光的干涉产生3D条纹图案。 通过远程控制的相移延迟（102,104）在物体上动态扫描3D条纹图案，纤维的近端与光纤的尖端相反，并与光调制组合。 动态条纹图案被物体反向散射，传输到诸如光电检测器的光处理系统（108），并在光处理系统（108）的输出上产生AC信号。 所选频率的AC信号的相位解调和信号处理产生对象的3D轮廓的测量。

    Imaging method and apparatus
    53.
    发明授权
    Imaging method and apparatus 有权
    成像方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07428322B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-23

    申请号：US10829407

    申请日：2004-04-20

    申请人： Charles W. Ragsdale

    发明人： Charles W. Ragsdale

    IPC分类号： G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/6419 ,  G01N2021/6471 ,  G01N2201/067 ,  G01N2201/0691

    摘要： A method is provided for measuring a response to a stimulus of a plurality of samples spots of a sample using a measuring system having a measurement range to generate an image of the sample in digital space. The method includes, for each sample, while measuring the response, varying the stimulus to include at least one stimulus value where the measured response corresponds to a value in an intermediate portion of the measuring range, and storing a value of the measured response that corresponds to a value in the intermediate portion of the measurement range, and the stimulus value that produced that value of the measured response.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于使用具有测量范围的测量系统来测量对样本的多个采样点的刺激的响应的方法，以在数字空间中生成样本的图像。 该方法包括对于每个样本，在测量响应的同时，改变刺激以包括至少一个刺激值，其中测量的响应对应于测量范围的中间部分中的值，并且存储对应于测量范围的测量响应的值 到测量范围的中间部分中的值，以及产生测量响应值的刺激值。

    System for identifying refractive-index fluctuations of a target
    54.
    发明申请
    System for identifying refractive-index fluctuations of a target 有权
    用于识别目标的折射率波动的系统

    公开(公告)号：US20080180664A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-31

    申请号：US11891884

    申请日：2007-08-13

    申请人： Vadim Backman ,  Yang Liu ,  Young Kim

    发明人： Vadim Backman ,  Yang Liu ,  Young Kim

    IPC分类号： G01J3/30

    CPC分类号： G01N21/49 ,  A61B5/0062 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  G01N2021/4709

    摘要： Systems and methods for identifying refractive-index fluctuations of a target are described in this application. One embodiment includes identifying one or more properties of emergent light, the emergent light to be emergent from a target, and determining refractive-index fluctuations of the target based on the one or more properties of the emergent light. The determining refractive-index fluctuations further comprises determining one or more of the variance of the refractive-index fluctuations and the spatial correlation length of the refractive-index fluctuations. The determining refractive-index fluctuations further comprises determining one or more of the variance of the refractive-index fluctuations and the spatial correlation length of the refractive-index fluctuations.

    摘要翻译： 在本申请中描述了用于识别目标的折射率波动的系统和方法。 一个实施例包括识别出射光的一个或多个属性，从目标出射的出射光，以及基于出射光的一个或多个属性来确定目标的折射率波动。 确定折射率波动还包括确定折射率波动的方差和折射率波动的空间相关长度的一个或多个。 确定折射率波动还包括确定折射率波动的方差和折射率波动的空间相关长度的一个或多个。

    Differential absorption lidar apparatus having multiplexed light signals with two wavelengths in a predetermined beam size and beam shape
    56.
    发明授权
    Differential absorption lidar apparatus having multiplexed light signals with two wavelengths in a predetermined beam size and beam shape 有权
    差分吸收激光雷达装置具有预定光束尺寸和光束形状的具有两个波长的多路复用光信号

    公开(公告)号：US07361922B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-04-22

    申请号：US11500902

    申请日：2006-08-09

    申请人： Shunpei Kameyama ,  Yoshihito Hirano

    发明人： Shunpei Kameyama ,  Yoshihito Hirano

    IPC分类号： G01N15/06

    CPC分类号： G01S7/491 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S17/32 ,  G01S17/88 ,  G01S17/89

    摘要： A differential absorption lidar includes: a light signal generation unit for generating first, second CW light signals with first, second wavelengths having different absorption coefficients with respect to a target, a light intensity modulation unit for subjecting the first, second CW light signal to intensity modulation with a first, second CW modulation signal having a first, second frequency in a baseband, a radiation unit for multiplexing the first, second CW light signals with the intensity modulated, forming the multiplexed light signals with two wavelengths in a predetermined beam size, and radiating the light signals, a reception unit for directly detecting scattered light from the target and converting the scattered light into an electrical signal, and a signal processing unit for extracting only the first, second frequency components from the electric signal, and detecting the concentration of the target from a difference in an amplitude of time wavelengths between two signals.

    摘要翻译： 差分吸收激光雷达包括：光信号产生单元，用于产生具有相对于目标的不同吸收系数的第一，第二波长的第一CW光信号;光强度调制单元，用于使第一，第二CW光信号强度 具有在基带中具有第一，第二频率的第一，第二CW调制信号的调制，用于将第一，第二CW光信号与强度调制多路复用的辐射单元，以预定的光束尺寸的两个波长形成复用的光信号， 并且发射光信号;接收单元，用于直接检测来自目标的散射光并将散射光转换为电信号;以及信号处理单元，用于仅从电信号中提取第一，第二频率分量，并检测浓度 从两个信号之间的时间波长的幅度的差异来看 ls。

    Multi-mode sampling probes
    57.
    发明授权
    Multi-mode sampling probes 失效
    多模式采样探头

    公开(公告)号：US07359060B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

    申请号：US11268977

    申请日：2005-11-07

    申请人： Matthew D. Ebersole ,  Carla S. Draper ,  Jeffrey Hirsch

    发明人： Matthew D. Ebersole ,  Carla S. Draper ,  Jeffrey Hirsch

    IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

    CPC分类号： G01N21/8507 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/8514 ,  G01N2021/8535 ,  G01N2021/8542

    摘要： An optical probe for use in infrared, near infrared, Raman, and other spectrometers includes a probe outer surface with a cavity defined therein. The probe emits light into a sample via emission locations on the probe outer surface, at least one being in the cavity. The light emitted into the sample is then collected at collection locations which include at least two of (a) a reflectance collection location situated on the probe outer surface for collecting diffusely reflected light from any adjacent sample; (b) a transmittance collection location situated in the cavity and receiving light transmitted across the cavity from an emission location situated on an opposite side of the cavity; and (c) a transflectance collection location situated in the cavity and receiving transflected light emitted from an emission location in the cavity, with such light being reflected from a side of the cavity opposite the transflectance collection location.

    摘要翻译： 用于红外线，近红外线，拉曼光谱仪和其他光谱仪的光学探针包括其中限定有腔的探针外表面。 探针通过探针外表面上的发射位置将光发射到样品中，至少一个位于空腔中。 发射到样品中的光然后在收集位置收集，所述收集位置包括（a）位于探针外表面上的反射率收集位置中的至少两个，用于收集来自任何相邻样品的漫反射光; （b）位于空腔中的透射率收集位置，并且从位于空腔相对侧的发射位置接收透过空腔的光; 以及（c）位于所述空腔中并且从所述空腔中的发射位置发射的透过光的透射率收集位置，其中所述光从与所述透光率收集位置相对的所述空腔侧反射。

    METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BACKSCATTER SPECTROSCOPY
    58.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BACKSCATTER SPECTROSCOPY 失效
    背景光谱法的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20080004842A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-03

    申请号：US10573337

    申请日：2004-09-22

    申请人： Arjen Amelink ,  Henricus Josephus Sterenborg

    发明人： Arjen Amelink ,  Henricus Josephus Sterenborg

    IPC分类号： G06F15/00 ,  G01N21/49

    CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4742

    摘要： A method and a device determine a physical property of a medium, such as a concentration of a substance in the medium. The device includes a light source; a probe with optical fibers positioned alongside each other, with a first optical fiber delivering radiation from the light source to a sample and collecting first backscattered radiation from the sample, and with a second optical fiber collecting second backscattered radiation; a spectrometer for producing first and second signals based on the first and second backscattered radiation; and a processor which determines a differential backscatter signal from the first and second signals and to calculate the physical property by curve fitting the measured differential backscatter signal to a backscatter function. Depending on whether the diameter of the optical fibers is smaller or greater than the mean free path of photons in the sample, different backscatter functions are used.

    摘要翻译： 方法和装置确定介质的物理性质，例如介质中物质的浓度。 该装置包括光源; 具有彼此并排定位的光纤的探针，其中第一光纤将来自光源的辐射传送到样品并收集来自样品的第一反向散射辐射，以及收集第二反向散射辐射的第二光纤; 用于基于第一和第二反向散射辐射产生第一和第二信号的光谱仪; 以及处理器，其从所述第一和第二信号确定差分反向散射信号，并且通过将所测量的差分后向散射信号曲线拟合到反向散射函数来计算物理性质。 根据光纤的直径是否小于或大于样品中光子的平均自由程，使用不同的反向散射函数。

    Imaging method and apparatus
    60.
    发明申请
    Imaging method and apparatus 有权
    成像方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060274922A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-07

    申请号：US10829407

    申请日：2004-04-20

    申请人： Charles Ragsdale

    发明人： Charles Ragsdale

    IPC分类号： G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/6419 ,  G01N2021/6471 ,  G01N2201/067 ,  G01N2201/0691

    摘要： A method is provided for measuring a response to a stimulus of a plurality of samples spots of a sample using a measuring system having a measurement range to generate an image of the sample in digital space. The method includes, for each sample, while measuring the response, varying the stimulus to include at least one stimulus value where the measured response corresponds to a value in an intermediate portion of the measuring range, and storing a value of the measured response that corresponds to a value in the intermediate portion of the measurement range, and the stimulus value that produced that value of the measured response.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于使用具有测量范围的测量系统来测量对样本的多个采样点的刺激的响应的方法，以在数字空间中生成样本的图像。 该方法包括对于每个样本，在测量响应的同时，改变刺激以包括至少一个刺激值，其中测量的响应对应于测量范围的中间部分中的值，并且存储对应于测量范围的测量响应的值 到测量范围的中间部分中的值，以及产生测量响应值的刺激值。