Abstract:
Methods and compositions for determining whether a subject is at risk for PML, including subjects being treated with immunosuppressants, by determining whether the subject harbors a JCV variant with reduced binding for sialic acid relative to a normal JCV, are presented. Furthermore, combinations of JCV-VP1 sequence variations that are associated with PML and that can be used as a basis of an assay for identifying subjects susceptible to PML, subjects with PML (e.g., early stage PML), or subjects at risk of developing PML in response to an immunosuppressive treatment are provided.
Abstract:
The invention provides antibodies that bind to a plurality of β-chemokines, particularly monocyte chemotactic proteins MCP-1, MCP-2 and MCP-3. The invention also provides cells producing the antibodies, and methods of making and using the same.
Abstract:
The invention is based, at least in part, on the finding that a dimeric version of a BBB-transmigrating antibody (e.g., the TMEM30A (CDC-50A) binding antibody, FC5) was found to greatly enhance transport across the BBB as compared to monovalent FC5 VHH. The invention provides, inter alia, molecules that increase transport of pharmacologically active agents across the blood brain barrier, methods for increasing transport across the blood brain barrier, and methods of treatment of disorders or diseases having a neurological component.
Abstract:
Disclosed are bicyclic aryl compounds of formula (I), that can modulate the activity of the autotaxin (ATX) enzyme. This invention further relates to compounds that are ATX inhibitors, and methods of making and using such compounds in the treatment of demyelination due to injury or disease, as well as for treating proliferative disorders such as cancer.
Abstract:
The present invention provides compounds and compositions thereof which are useful as inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase and which exhibit desirable characteristics for the same.
Abstract:
Methods of treating a subject having a condition characterized by at least one of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation are provided. Methods of reducing astrogliosis in a subject having a condition characterized by increased astrogliosis are also provided. Methods of providing neuroprotection to a subject in need thereof are also provided.
Abstract:
In one aspect, the disclosure provides methods of distinguishing a glycosaminoglycan from one or more other components in a sample by subjecting the sample to size-exclusion chromatography using a mobile phase having a pH of 6.8 or lower. A mobile phase having a pH of 6.8 or lower is found to improve the separation of glycosaminoglycans from proteins during size exclusion chromatography. In some embodiments, improved separation is due to the low pH of the mobile phase causing elution of less dispersed fractions of the protein and/or glycosaminoglycan. In some embodiments, the overlap between protein and/or glycosaminoglycan fractions is reduced.
Abstract:
The invention relates to methods and products for the identification of a clinically significant immune response in subjects treated with a therapeutic protein. A first aspect of the invention relates to methods and compositions for identifying a clinically significant immune response in patients treated with therapeutic amounts of VLA4 binding antibody (e.g., natalizumab). A second aspect of the invention concerns the chronological details of sample collection for determining the titre of antibodies against the therapeutic protein, e.g. the collection of at least two samples at two different time points. A third aspect of the invention relates to the selection of the critical threshold level, which corresponds to the antibody titre of untreated patients increased by the double of the standard deviation of this control antibody titre.