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    OCT using spectrally resolved bandwidth
    61.
    发明授权
    OCT using spectrally resolved bandwidth 有权
    OCT使用光谱解析带宽

    公开(公告)号：US08540627B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-09-24

    申请号：US12832001

    申请日：2010-07-07

    申请人： Marc D. Feldman ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  Jung Hwan Oh ,  Eunha Kim ,  Karthik Kumar ,  Chris Condit ,  Robert Grant ,  Nate Kemp ,  Jeehyun Kim ,  Shaochen Chen ,  Li-Hsin Han

    发明人： Marc D. Feldman ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  Jung Hwan Oh ,  Eunha Kim ,  Karthik Kumar ,  Chris Condit ,  Robert Grant ,  Nate Kemp ,  Jeehyun Kim ,  Shaochen Chen ,  Li-Hsin Han

    IPC分类号： A61B1/00 ,  A61B1/07

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0073 ,  A61B1/00096 ,  A61B1/00167 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/6852

    摘要： The embodiments disclosed herein is related to a system for optical coherence tomographic imaging of turbid (i.e., scattering) materials utilizing multiple channels of information. The multiple channels of information may be comprised and encompass spatial, angle, spectral and polarization domains. More specifically, the embodiments disclosed herein is related to methods and apparatus for utilizing optical sources, systems or receivers capable of providing (source), processing (system) or recording (receiver) a multiplicity of channels of spectral information for optical coherence tomographic imaging of turbid materials. In these methods and apparatus the multiplicity of channels of spectral information that can be provided by the source, processed by the system, or recorded by the receiver are used to convey simultaneously spatial, spectral or polarimetric information relating to the turbid material being imaged tomographically. The multichannel optical coherence tomographic methods can be incorporated into an endoscopic probe for imaging a patient. The endoscope comprises an optical fiber array and can comprise a plurality of optical fibers adapted to be disposed in the patient. The optical fiber array transmits the light from the light source into the patient, and transmits the light reflected by the patient out of the patient. The plurality of optical fibers in the array is in optical communication with the light source. The multichannel optical coherence tomography system comprises a detector for receiving the light from the array and analyzing the light. The methods and apparatus may be applied for imaging a vessel, biliary, GU and/or GI tract of a patient.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开的实施例涉及利用多个信道信道的浑浊（即散射）材料的光学相干断层成像系统。 可以包括多个信道信道并且包括空间，角度，频谱和极化域。 更具体地说，这里公开的实施例涉及用于利用光源，系统或接收器的方法和装置，该光源，系统或接收器能够提供（源），处理（系统）或记录（接收）多个光谱信息通道，用于光学相干断层成像 浑浊的材料。 在这些方法和装置中，可以由源提供的，由系统处理或由接收机记录的光谱信息的多个信道的多样性被用于同时传送与被层析成像的浑浊材料有关的空间，光谱或偏振信息。 多通道光学相干断层摄影方法可以并入用于成像患者的内窥镜探针中。 内窥镜包括光纤阵列，并且可以包括适于设置在患者体内的多根光纤。 光纤阵列将来自光源的光透射到患者体内，并将患者反射的光透射出患者。 阵列中的多个光纤与光源光学通信。 多通道光学相干断层摄影系统包括用于从阵列接收光并分析光的检测器。 该方法和装置可以应用于对患者的血管，胆管，GU和/或胃肠道进行成像。

    Systems, devices, and methods for optically clearing tissue
    62.
    发明授权
    Systems, devices, and methods for optically clearing tissue 有权
    用于光学清除组织的系统，装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08323273B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

    申请号：US11502687

    申请日：2006-08-12

    申请人： Christopher G. Rylander ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  Oliver Stumpp ,  J. Stuart Nelson

    发明人： Christopher G. Rylander ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  Oliver Stumpp ,  J. Stuart Nelson

    IPC分类号： G02C7/10

    CPC分类号： A61N5/06 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/444 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61B18/203 ,  A61B2017/306 ,  A61B2018/00029 ,  A61B2018/00035 ,  A61B2018/00452 ,  A61B2018/00994 ,  A61N5/0616 ,  A61N5/062 ,  A61N2005/063 ,  A61N2005/0649

    摘要： Embodiments of the present disclosure provides systems, devices, and methods for non-invasively modifying, maintaining, or controlling local tissue optical properties. Methods and devices of the disclosure may be used for optically clearing tissue, for example, for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. A method of optically clearing a tissue may comprise contacting the tissue with an optical clearing device having a base, an array of pins fixed to one side of the base, a brim fixed to the base, an inlet port in the base, an exit port in the base, and a handpiece interface tab fixed to the side of the base opposite the array of pins, applying a mechanical force to the tissue, and illuminating said tissue with at least one wavelength of light through the optical clearing device. A method may further comprise controlling the temperature of the tissue illuminated.

    摘要翻译： 本公开的实施例提供用于非侵入性地修改，维持或控制局部组织光学性质的系统，装置和方法。 本公开的方法和装置可用于光学清除组织，例如用于诊断和/或治疗目的。 光学清理组织的方法可以包括使组织与光学清除装置接触，所述光学清除装置具有底座，固定到基座的一侧的销的阵列，固定到基座的边缘，基座中的入口端口，出口 在底座中，以及手柄接口片，其固定在基座对面的与针阵列相对的一侧上，向组织施加机械力，并且通过光学清除装置用至少一个波长的光照射所述组织。 方法还可以包括控制照射的组织的温度。

    Analyte sensor method and apparatus
    63.
    发明授权
    Analyte sensor method and apparatus 有权
    分析物传感器的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08280470B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

    申请号：US11935265

    申请日：2007-11-05

    申请人： Thomas E. Milner ,  Nathaniel J. Kemp ,  Paul Castella

    发明人： Thomas E. Milner ,  Nathaniel J. Kemp ,  Paul Castella

    IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

    CPC分类号： A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B2562/0285 ,  A61B2562/12 ,  G01N21/4795

    摘要： The invention generally relates to systems, methods, and apparatuses for an analyte sensor. In one aspect, an analyte sensing device comprises a sensor body member including at least one nanopore and an optical conduit in optical communication with the sensor body member. The optical conduit transmits optical energy to the sensor body member and receives reflected optical energy back from the sensor body member. A photodetector is optically coupled to the optical conduit to determine an optical parameter from the reflected optical energy.

    摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及分析物传感器的系统，方法和装置。 在一个方面，分析物感测装置包括传感器主体构件，其包括至少一个纳米孔和与传感器主体成光学连通的光导管。 光导管将光能传递到传感器主体部件并从传感器主体部件接收反射光能。 光电检测器光学耦合到光导管，以从反射光能确定光学参数。

    ROTATING CATHETER PROBE USING A LIGHT-DRIVE APPARATUS
    66.
    发明申请
    ROTATING CATHETER PROBE USING A LIGHT-DRIVE APPARATUS 有权
    旋转导管探头使用光驱装置

    公开(公告)号：US20110112409A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-12

    申请号：US12902092

    申请日：2010-10-11

    申请人： Thomas E. Milner ,  Nathaniel J. Kemp

    发明人： Thomas E. Milner ,  Nathaniel J. Kemp

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61N5/06 ,  B23P11/00

    CPC分类号： A61B1/00163 ,  A61B1/0011 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/6852 ,  Y10T29/49826

    摘要： The invention is a rotating tip catheter-imaging probe where electromagnetic energy is delivered to the distal end of a catheter and converted to mechanical energy using a light drive apparatus. The mechanical energy is then used to rotate a mirror that redirects light in fixed pattern on a sample. The rotating element of the light drive apparatus contains vanes, which rotate about an axis and positioned with bearings to minimize friction. A chamber encompasses the rotating element and is set to a vacuum pressure. The rotational speed of the catheter tip can be controlled by varying the optical power delivered to the vanes, the vacuum pressure in the chamber, or by a braking mechanism applied to the rotating element. The vanes may be shaped in a particular geometry to increase forces on the vanes from thermally driven gas flow.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是旋转尖端导管成像探针，其中电磁能量被传送到导管的远端并且使用光驱动装置转换成机械能。 然后机械能用于旋转将固定模式的光重定向在样品上的反射镜。 光驱装置的旋转元件包含叶片，叶片绕轴线转动并且与轴承一起定位以使摩擦力最小化。 腔室包围旋转元件并被设定为真空压力。 可以通过改变输送到叶片的光功率，腔室中的真空压力，或通过施加到旋转元件的制动机构来控制导管尖端的旋转速度。 叶片可以成形为特定的几何形状以增加来自热驱动气流的叶片上的力。

    Birefringence imaging in biological tissue using polarization sensitive optical coherent tomography
    69.
    发明授权
    Birefringence imaging in biological tissue using polarization sensitive optical coherent tomography 失效
    使用偏振敏感光学相干层析成像在生物组织中的双折射成像

    公开(公告)号：US06208415B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

    申请号：US09096434

    申请日：1998-06-11

    申请人： Johannes F. De Boer ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  J. Stuart Nelson

    发明人： Johannes F. De Boer ,  Thomas E. Milner ,  J. Stuart Nelson

    IPC分类号： G01B902

    CPC分类号： G01N21/4795 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/0201 ,  G01B9/02011 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/45 ,  G01B2290/70

    摘要： Employing a low coherence Michelson interferometer, two dimensional images of optical birefringence in turbid samples as a function of depth are measured. Polarization sensitive detection of the signal formed by interference of backscattered light from the sample and a mirror or reference plane in the reference arm which defines a reference optical path length, give the optical phase delay between light propagating along the fast and slow axes of the birefringence sample. Images showing the change in birefringence in response to irradiation of the sample are produced as an example of the detection apparatus and methodology. The technique allow rapid, noncontact investigation of tissue or sample diagnostic imaging for various medical or materials procedures.

    摘要翻译： 采用低相干性迈克尔逊干涉仪，测量混浊样品中的光学双折射的二维图像作为深度的函数。 通过来自样品的反向散射光的干涉和参考臂中的反射镜或参考平面的干涉而形成的信号的极化敏感检测，其限定参考光程长度，给出沿双折射的快轴和慢轴传播的光之间的光学相位延迟 样品。 作为检测装置和方法的一个例子，产生显示响应于样品照射的双折射变化的图像。 该技术允许对各种医疗或材料程序的组织或样品诊断成像进行快速，非接触的调查。

    Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations
    70.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method to control atmospheric water vapor composition and concentration during dynamic cooling of biological tissues in conjunction with laser irradiations 失效
    结合激光照射在生物组织的动态冷却过程中控制大气水汽成分和浓度的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US05997530A

    公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

    申请号：US59537

    申请日：1998-04-13

    申请人： J. Stuart Nelson ,  Bahman Anvari ,  B. Samuel Tanenbaum ,  Thomas E. Milner

    发明人： J. Stuart Nelson ,  Bahman Anvari ,  B. Samuel Tanenbaum ,  Thomas E. Milner

    IPC分类号： A61B18/02 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61B17/36

    CPC分类号： A61B90/04 ,  A61B18/0218 ,  A61B18/203 ,  A61B2018/00029 ,  A61B2018/00452 ,  A61B2090/049

    摘要： Cryogen spray cooling of skin surface with millisecond cryogen spurts is an effective method for establishing a controlled temperature distribution in tissue and protecting the epidermis from nonspecific thermal injury during laser mediated dermatological procedures. Control of humidity level, spraying distance and cryogen boiling point is material to the resulting surface temperature. Decreasing the ambient humidity level results in less ice formation on the skin surface without altering the surface temperature during the cryogen spurt. For a particular delivery nozzle, increasing the spraying distance to 85 millimeters lowers the surface temperature. The methodology comprises establishing a controlled humidity level in the theater of operation of the irradiation site of the biological tissues before and/or during the cryogenic spray cooling of the biological tissue. At cold temperatures calibration was achieved by mounting a thermistor on a thermoelectric cooler. The thermal electric cooler was cooled from from 20.degree. C. to about -20.degree. C. while measuring its infrared emission.

    摘要翻译： 皮肤表面的低温喷雾冷却与毫秒制冷剂喷雾是在激光介导的皮肤病学程序中建立组织中受控温度分布并保护表皮免受非特异性热损伤的有效方法。 控制湿度水平，喷涂距离和冷冻剂沸点是所得表面温度的物质。 降低环境湿度水平导致皮肤表面上冰层形成较少，而不会在冷冻剂喷溅期间改变表面温度。 对于特定的输送喷嘴，将喷涂距离增加到85毫米会降低表面温度。 该方法包括在生物组织的低温喷雾冷却之前和/或期间在生物组织的照射部位的操作剧场中建立受控的湿度水平。 在寒冷的温度下，通过在热电冷却器上安装热敏电阻来实现校准。 将热电冷却器从20℃冷却至约-20℃，同时测量其红外发射。