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61.发明授权Method for reducing the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine or of a firing system 失效一种用于降低内燃机或燃烧系统的排气中的氮氧化物浓度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5540047A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-30
申请号：US319290
申请日：1994-10-06
CPC分类号： F01N3/208 , B01D53/30 , B01D53/8625 , B01D53/8696 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/206 , G01N27/4074 , F01N2560/021 , F01N2560/026 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/06 , F01N2610/146 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/24
摘要： The method reduces the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. A noticeable reduction in the NO.sub.x emission of a diesel motor can be achieved by applying the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) method. In this method, ammonia is injected into a catalyzer through which the exhaust gas flows, this ammonia reacting with nitrogen monoxide or, respectively, nitrogen dioxide to form nitrogen and water. Since the exhaust gas should contain neither nitrogen monoxide nor excess ammonia, suitable methods are required for regulating the metering of NH.sub.3. For controlling the amount of urea added to the exhaust gas as a reduction agent, the NO and NH.sub.3 concentration is measured using a detector located in the exhaust systems following the SCR catalyzer. The detector contains a vanadate layer manufactured on the basis of a specific sputtering method as a sensitive element. The electrical resistance thereof is highest when the conversion of nitrogen monoxide to form nitrogen and water occurs stoichiometrically.
摘要翻译： 该方法降低内燃机排气中的氮氧化物浓度。 通过应用选择性催化还原（SCR）方法可以显着降低柴油发动机的NOx排放。 在这种方法中，将氨注入到催化剂中，排气流过该催化剂，该氨与一氧化氮或分别与二氧化氮反应形成氮和水。 由于废气中既不含有一氧化氮也不含有过量的氨，因此需要适当的方法来调节NH3的计量。 为了控制作为还原剂添加到废气中的尿素的量，使用位于SCR催化剂之后的排气系统中的检测器测量NO和NH 3浓度。 检测器包含基于特定溅射法作为敏感元件制造的钒酸盐层。 当一氧化氮转化成氮和水以化学计量的方式发生时，其电阻最高。
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公开(公告)号：US20130298464A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-14
申请号：US13879464
申请日：2011-10-20
IPC分类号： C10L3/00
摘要： A method for operating a device for gasifying carbon-containing fuels and a corresponding device are provided. The gasification of the carbon-containing fuels provokes a flame. The emission spectrum of the flame is registered and evaluated continuously in real time by a multi-variant method and an evaluation model that is previously recorded.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种操作含碳燃料气化装置的方法和相应的装置。 含碳燃料的气化引起火焰。 通过多变量方法和先前记录的评估模型实时记录和评估火焰的发射光谱。
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公开(公告)号：US20060249401A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-09
申请号：US10867177
申请日：2004-06-14
IPC分类号： G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/4143
摘要： Sensor for determining a chemical element and method for controlling such a sensor. The invention relates to a sensor (1) for determining a chemical element or a chemical compound (CO2) in a supplied gaseous medium with a reaction area (9), on and/or in which the element or the compound brings about a chemical reaction that changes a characteristic parameter (for example the work function), Version 3* of the reaction area (9), a sensor element (5) that is placed in the sensor (1) to detect the change in the characteristic parameter, a signal output (11) at which an output signal (UPS) corresponding to the chemical reaction detected by the sensor element can be detected as the measured variable, and a reaction control device (SC, 12) with an electrode system (10, 13) for applying a control voltage to affect a reaction in the reaction area (9). To be able to use the sensor more variably and more reliably, it is proposed to produce a surface topology of such dimensions that during operation, a moisture film (16) of deposited ambient moisture continuously coats the surface area of both the electrode system and the reaction area. Possibilities in particular are correction of long-term changes from the influence of surrounding gases, checking probe functionality, and selective adjustment to measure given chemical variables.
摘要翻译： 用于确定化学元素的传感器和用于控制这种传感器的方法。 本发明涉及一种传感器（1），用于在所提供的具有反应区域（9）的气体介质中确定化学元素或化合物（CO 2），在该元件或/或其中元素 或该化合物引起改变反应区域（9）的特征参数（例如功函数）版本3 *的化学反应，放置在传感器（1）中的传感器元件（5），以检测 改变特性参数，可以检测与传感器元件检测到的与化学反应相对应的输出信号（U> PS ）的信号输出（11）作为测量变量，反应控制 装置（SC，12），其具有用于施加控制电压以影响反应区域（9）中的反应的电极系统（10,13）。 为了能够更可变地和更可靠地使用传感器，提出了生产这样的尺寸的表面拓扑，即在操作期间，沉积的环境湿度的水分膜（16）连续地涂覆电极系统和 反应区域。 特别是可以纠正周围气体的长期变化，检查探测功能和选择性调整以测量给定的化学变量。
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公开(公告)号：US20060071785A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-06
申请号：US10952236
申请日：2004-09-27
IPC分类号： G08B1/08
CPC分类号： A01K1/031 , A01K11/006
摘要： A cage telemetry system includes a plurality of cage groups, first and second radio transponders, and a hub element. The plurality of cage groups are located within a space. Each cage group includes a plurality of animal cages, each cage associated with at least one telemetry module. The first radio transponder is operable to effect wireless communications with each telemetry module of a first cage group. The second radio transponder is operable to effect wireless communications with each telemetry module of a second cage group. The hub element is operable to communicate with the first radio transponder and the second radio transponder, and is further operably connected to a computer network.
摘要翻译： 笼式遥测系统包括多个笼组，第一和第二无线电转发器以及轮毂元件。 多个笼组位于空间内。 每个笼组包括多个动物笼，每个笼与至少一个遥测模块相关联。 第一无线电转发器可操作以实现与第一笼组的每个遥测模块的无线通信。 第二无线电转发器可操作以实现与第二笼组的每个遥测模块的无线通信。 集线器元件可操作以与第一无线电应答器和第二无线电应答器通信，并且还可操作地连接到计算机网络。
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公开(公告)号：US08935097B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US12308901
申请日：2007-06-06
CPC分类号： C12Q1/6813 , A61B5/117
摘要： A method for identifying people involves breathing respired air into a collector unit, trapping condensate from the respired air in the collector unit, introduction of the condensate by a same introduction to a DNA sensor unit, analysis of the condensate after a cell disruption, comparison of the result the data from a databank and output of the comparison result with analysis of the identity of a person.
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公开(公告)号：US20130295835A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13996464
申请日：2011-12-19
CPC分类号： G01N21/17 , F24F11/30 , F24F11/72 , F24F2110/50 , F24F2110/70 , F24F2110/72 , F24F2130/30 , G01N21/532
摘要： A control/regulation unit and a sensor device in an air-conditioning device enable detecting presence of an analyte in room air to infer the quality of the room air. A light source emits light into the room on a light path that is reflected to a light-sensitive detector. The air-conditioning device is controlled/regulated as a function of an output of the detector. If the analyte is situated on the light path, the light is scattered and/or absorbed such that the detector detects a smaller quantity of light, on the basis of which it is possible to infer the presence of the analyte. The light source can be pivoted to set various light paths through the room to determine where the analyte is situated in the room based on the output of the detector for each light path. The air-conditioning device can controlled to selectively influence the atmospheric environment locally.
摘要翻译： 空调装置中的控制/调节单元和传感器装置能够检测室内空气中的分析物的存在以推断室内空气的质量。 光源将光反射到光敏检测器的光路上发射到房间中。 空调装置作为检测器的输出的函数被控制/调节。 如果分析物位于光路上，则光被散射和/或吸收，使得检测器检测到较少量的光，据此可以推断分析物的存在。 光源可以枢转，以设置穿过房间的各种光路，以根据每个光路的检测器的输出来确定分析物位于房间中的位置。 可以控制空调装置以选择性地影响大气环境。
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公开(公告)号：US20130011315A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-10
申请号：US13176582
申请日：2011-07-05
申请人： Osman Ahmed , Maximilian Fleischer
发明人： Osman Ahmed , Maximilian Fleischer
摘要： An environmentally responsive building includes an array of window and/or building panels that are configured to generate an output product from environmental inputs. The panels may include photocatalytic elements capable of generating output product(s) from solar energy and atmospheric gas(es), and photovoltaic elements capable of generating electricity from solar energy. The building includes a transport network that provides inputs to the window/building panels and transports output product(s) to a storage system. A conversion system may be provided to convert the output product(s) to an input usable by the building. A supervisory controller monitors and controls the operation of the window/building panels as a function of the environment, and of the operation and capacity of the environmentally responsive components, including the panels, transport network, storage system and conversion system.
摘要翻译： 一种对环境无害的建筑物包括一组窗口和/或建筑面板，其被构造成从环境输入产生输出产品。 面板可以包括能够从太阳能和大气气体产生输出产物的光催化元件，以及能够从太阳能发电的光电元件。 该建筑物包括向窗户/建筑面板提供输入并将输出产品运输到存储系统的运输网络。 可以提供转换系统以将输出产品转换成可由建筑物使用的输入。 监控控制器根据环境以及包括面板，运输网络，存储系统和转换系统在内的环境响应部件的操作和容量来监控和控制窗户/建筑面板的操作。
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公开(公告)号：US07851202B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US10588493
申请日：2005-01-27
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438
摘要： A biosensor for detecting an antigen using an antigen/antibody coupling includes: a silicon substrate, at least one interdigital electrode pair structure that is located on the silicon substrate, the electrode pair being interspaced at a maximum distance of 1.0 μm; a counter-electrode on the silicon substrate; a reference electrode; a first layer of protein, covering at least the interdigital electrode structure; a selective second protein layer applied to the first layer and containing a capture antibody selected specifically with respect to the antigen of interest and to which the antigen can be coupled. A sensor signal can be read on the interdigital electrode structure, if the antigen is coupled to the capture antibody by way of a sample to be analyzed that comes into contact with the biosensor and a redox reactive molecule is enzymatically released on the sensor surface by an enzyme-marked detection antibody likewise coupled to the antigen.
摘要翻译： 用于使用抗原/抗体偶联检测抗原的生物传感器包括：硅衬底，位于硅衬底上的至少一个叉指电极对结构，电极对间隔1.0μm的最大距离; 在硅衬底上的对电极; 参考电极; 蛋白质的第一层，至少覆盖指状电极结构; 选择性第二蛋白质层，其施加到第一层并且含有相对于感兴趣的抗原特异性选择的抗体可以偶联的捕获抗体。 如果抗原通过与生物传感器接触的待分析样品与捕获抗体偶联，并且氧化还原反应性分子在传感器表面上被酶促释放，则可以在叉指电极结构上读取传感器信号 同样与抗原偶联的酶标记检测抗体。
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公开(公告)号：US20100200104A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-12
申请号：US12678568
申请日：2008-08-29
IPC分类号： B65B1/30
CPC分类号： G01N21/85 , G01N21/3577 , G01N33/287
摘要： A fuel system is disclosed for a floating unit, including a fuel passage extending from a filler neck to a motor, a measuring unit disposed in the fuel passage through which at least part of the fuel flowing along the fuel passage flows, for measuring a sulfur content of the fuel through the measuring unit.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于浮动单元的燃料系统，其包括从填充口延伸到电动机的燃料通道，设置在燃料通道中的测量单元，燃料通道中流动的至少一部分燃料通过该测量单元流动，用于测量硫 通过测量单元的燃料含量。
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70.发明申请FET-BASED SENSOR FOR DETECTING REDUCING GASES OR ALCOHOL, AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONG METHOD 审中-公开用于检测降低气体或酒精的基于FET的传感器，以及相关的生产和操作方法公开(公告)号：US20090127100A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US12330955
申请日：2008-12-09
申请人： Maximilian Fleischer , Gabor Kiss , Hans Meixner , Uwe Lampe
发明人： Maximilian Fleischer , Gabor Kiss , Hans Meixner , Uwe Lampe
IPC分类号： C23C14/16
CPC分类号： G08B17/117 , G01N27/4141
摘要： An FET-based gas sensor includes at least one field-effect transistor and at least one gas-sensitive layer and a reference layer. Any changes in work function occurring when materials of the layers are exposed to a gas are used to trigger the field-effect structures. The gas-sensitive layer includes a metal oxide having an oxidation catalyst on its surface and accessible to the measured gas.
摘要翻译： 基于FET的气体传感器包括至少一个场效应晶体管和至少一个气体敏感层和参考层。 用于暴露于气体的层的材料发生的作用函数的任何变化被用于触发场效应结构。 气敏层包括其表面上具有氧化催化剂的金属氧化物，并且可被测量的气体接近。
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