摘要:
Compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynyl or --C(.dbd.NH)R.sup.0 where R.sup.0 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl;A is ##STR2## R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynyl or --C(.dbd.NH)R.sup.6 where R.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, --CO.NR.sup.a R.sup.b, --OCO.NR.sup.a R.sup.b or --NR.sup.a R.sup.b, where R.sup.a and R.sup.b are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; R.sup.20", R.sup.21', and R.sup.22" are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or R.sup.20" and R.sup.21" or R.sup.20" and R.sup.22" together form a heterocyclic group; R.sup.23" and R.sup.24" are independently hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; n is 1, 2 or 3; and n.sup.3" is 1, 2 or 3. The compounds are antibiotics which are resistant to dehydropeptidase I, and are useful for the treatment of microbial infections.
摘要翻译:式(I)化合物:其中R 1是氢,C 1 -C 6烷基,C 2 -C 6烯基,C 2 -C 6炔基或-C(= NH)R 0)其中R 0是氢或C 1 -C 6烷基; (C 1 -C 6)烷基,C 2 -C 6烯基,C 2 -C 6炔基或-C(= NH)R 6,其中R 6是氢,C 1 -C6烷基或C3-C7环烷基; R 3和R 4独立地是氢,C 1 -C 6烷基,卤素,羟基,羧基,氰基,-CO.RRRRb,-OCO,NR a R b或-NR a R b,其中R a和R b独立地是氢或C 1 -C 6烷基; R 20“,R 21'和R 22”独立地是氢或C 1 -C 6烷基或R 20“,R 21”或R 20“和R 22”一起形成杂环基; R 23“和R 24”独立地是氢,卤素或C 1 -C 6烷基; n为1,2或3; 和n3“是1,2或3.化合物是抗脱水肽酶I的抗生素,并且可用于治疗微生物感染。
摘要:
An electron gun for emitting an electron beam traveling along a beam axis includes a cathode having a tip, the tip having substantially a circular conic shape and a tip surface substantially at the beam axis, the cathode being applied with a first voltage, an anode having a first aperture substantially on the beam axis and being applied with a second voltage higher than the first voltage, a control electrode having a second aperture substantially on the beam axis and being applied with a voltage lower than the first voltage to control a current of the cathode, the second aperture being larger than the tip surface, a guide electrode having a third aperture substantially on the beam axis, being arranged between the cathode and the anode, and being applied with a voltage higher than the first voltage and lower than the second voltage, the third aperture being smaller than the tip surface, and a lens electrode having a fourth aperture substantially on the beam axis, being arranged between the guide electrode and the anode, and being applied with a voltage lower than the first voltage to form a cross-over image of the electron beam, the fourth aperture being larger than the third aperture.
摘要:
A block mask for making a charged particle beam exposure using block exposure includes a plurality of block mask patterns respectively including repeating patterns, where the block mask patterns are arranged in an order dependent on an exposure sequence, at least one first block mask pattern group made up of arbitrary ones of the block mask patterns which are arranged in a predetermined direction, and at least one second block mask pattern group made up of the arbitrary ones of the block mask patterns which are arranged in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The second block mask pattern group is arranged adjacent to the first block mask pattern group.
摘要:
A mask for exposure of an object by an electron beam is formed of a plate of material which blocks the electron beam and which has plural pattern exposure blocks defined therein, each having one or more aperture defining regions therein and, when selected, determining the shaping of the electron beam passing therethrough so as to expose a respective pattern on an object. Each aperture-defining region has one aperture or plural, spaced apertures formed respectively therein, having a total area size, selected to be smaller than the area size of the aperture defining region in accordance with controlling the current level of an electron beam passing therethrough, while reducing Coulomb interaction of the electron beam passing through the aperture or apertures of each aperture defining portion of the pattern exposure block.
摘要:
To improve in the throughput of an exposure system, the setting time during a step change in the output of an amplifier is reduced by switching resistance between the amplifier and deflector, a glitch waveform generated during a step change in the output of a D/A converter at the preceding stage of the amplifier, is anticipated and is canceled out with a correction waveform, after the output of the D/A converter has settled, this output is sample held and the step change is interpolated at a smoothing circuit, the deflection area is increased by positioning a electrostatic deflector offset around the optical axis relative to another electrostatic deflector, the response speed of the main deflection is improved by adding auxiliary deflection coils of one or two turn, and the alignment time is reduced by combining the coordinate conversion in the wafer area and in the chip area. In order to correct the astigmatism of the electromagnetic lens, two stages of coils are provided and an electric current corresponding to the quantity of deflection is supplied to the coils.
摘要:
In the air bag device, a bag holder, a retainer, and an air bag can be assembled together into a united body by use of bolts and nuts which are provided so as to extend from a retainer formed from a metal plate. At a plurality of positions near a peripheral edge of an opening formed in the air bag, there are formed insertion holes. In the retainer, there are provided a plurality of securing projections which are inserted through associated insertion holes and into associated securing holes formed in the bag holder. Each of the securing projections is cut and raised from a main body of the retainer and has a semi-cylindrical shape with the peripheral wall thereof raised from the retainer and a semi-arc shaped outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall faces the opening of the air bag.
摘要:
In a block exposure pattern extracting system applied to a charged-particle beam exposure system having a block mask including a plurality of transparent stats having different shapes, a comparator unit compares first vectors connecting one of apexes of an input exposure pattern to other apexes thereof with second vectors connecting a reference point which is one of apexes of a unit block exposure pattern to other apexes of the unit block exposure pattern. A determining unit determines whether or not the first vectors coincide with the second vectors. An extracting unit extracts the input exposure pattern as the unit block exposure pattern when the determining unit determines that the first vectors coincide with the second vectors.
摘要:
Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## in which: Ar is optionally substituted phenyl; R.sup.1 is alkyl; R.sup.2 is substituted alkyl or substituted cycloalkyl; and n is 0, 1 or 2; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof have valuable anti-fungal properties and can be used for pharmaceutical and veterinary treatment. Methods of preparing these compounds are also provided.
摘要:
An electron beam exposure process includes a step of producing a plurality of electron beam elements from a single electron beam by shaping and radiating the plurality of electron beam elements on a substrate. The exposure is achieved in a plurality of times with respective electron beam patterns by means of different sets of electron beam elements, wherein the electron beam elements of different sets are produced simultaneously and deflected simultaneously so as to scan the substrate consecutively. The electron beam elements in one set are offset from corresponding electron beam elements of the other set by a pitch of M/N wherein N represents the number of the electron beam sets and M is an integer smaller than N.
摘要:
A method for writing a pattern on an object by a charged particle beam comprises the steps of: dividing a pattern to be written on the object into a plurality of pattern blocks that cause a proximity effect with each other; determining a pattern density for each of said pattern blocks; selecting a specific pattern block as a reference pattern block; setting a dose level of exposure of the charged particle beam to a reference dose level such that the reference pattern block is exposed with a predetermined total dose level which includes the contribution of the exposure by the charged particle beam and the contribution of the exposure by the backscattered charged particles; exposing the plurality of pattern blocks including the reference pattern block by the charged particle beam with the reference dose level; and exposing those pattern blocks that have the pattern density smaller than the pattern density of the reference pattern block by a defocused charged particle beam with a total dose level set such that the total dose level for those pattern blocks is substantially identical with the total dose level of the reference pattern block.