摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for determining the source of fouling in petroleum thermal conversion process units. More particularly, the invention distinguishes whether fouling occurs due to feed entrainment of small feed droplets or vapor phase condensation.
摘要:
A modified vacuum distillation and delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably free-flowing shot coke. A vacuum resid feedstock is used which contains less than about 10 wt. % material boiling between 900° F. and 1040° F. as determined by HTSD (High-temperature Simulated Distillation). The use of such a high boiling resid favors the formation of shot coke instead of sponge or transition coke. The distillate recycle reduces coker furnace fouling potential of the heavier feedstock.
摘要:
A method of blending delayed coker feedstocks to produce a coke that is easier to remove from a coker drum. A first feedstock is selected having less than about 250 wppm dispersed metals content and greater than about 5.24 API gravity. A second delayed coker feedstock is blended with said first resid feedstock so that the total dispersed metals content of the blend will be greater than about 250 wppm and the API gravity will be less than about 5.24.
摘要:
A method for producing and removing coke which has bulk morphology such that at least about 30 volume percent is free-flowing under the force of gravity or hydrostatic forces from a delayed coker drum. At the completion of the fill cycle, the coker drum, filled with hot coke, is cooled by steaming and then flooding it with water, thereby producing a coke/water mixture. The coke/water mixture is released from the coke drum through one or more drum closure/discharge throttling systems near the bottom of the coker drum.
摘要:
A method for upgrading heavy oils by contacting the heavy oil with an inhibitor additive and then thermally treating the inhibitor additized heavy oil. The inhibitor is selected from oil soluble polynuclear aromatic compounds. The invention also relates to the upgraded product from the inhibitor enhanced thermal treatment process.
摘要:
In an embodiment, the invention relates to a method for reducing coke agglomeration in petroleum streams derived from coking processes. In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a method for mitigating filter fouling from a coker gas oil wherein an oxygen scavenger is employed to remove molecular oxygen and peroxides.
摘要:
The present invention is a process for transforming aromatic organic compounds and resource materials. The process includes the steps of contacting an organic material selected from the group consisting of single and/or multi-ring aromatic compounds and alkylaromatic compounds, and their heteroatom-containing analogues, crude oil, petroleum, petrochemical streams, coals, shales, coal liquids, shale oils, heavy oils and bitumens with a microorganism or enzymes in order to hydroxylate the organic material, followed by contacting the hydroxylated organic resource material so as to cause hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis on the material.
摘要:
Combustion chamber deposits and intake valve deposits in a spark ignition internal combustion engine which uses a liquid hydrocarbon or liquid hydrocarbon-oxygenate fuel, by using an unleaded fuel to which has been added an additive selected from the group consisting of low boiling alkyl pyridines, 4-vinylpyridine, DMF, N-formylpiperidine, sulfolane, polyolefin, polyether or polyether amine derivatives of DMF, amidene, or N-substituted-2 pyrrolidones, polyolefin in an amount of at least about 1,000 wppm and mixtures thereof. Functionalized polymer detergents can be used alone and added to the fuels in amounts in of about at least 3,000 wppm.
摘要:
A process for upgrading bitumen asphaltenes obtained from tar sands to hydrocarbons which comprises contacting the bitumen with a deasphalting solvent to yield a deasphalted oil and a residual solid asphaltene, separating the residual solid asphaltene from the deasphalted oil and treating the solid asphaltene fraction with superheated water at temperatures of from 300.degree. to 425.degree. C.