摘要:
A plurality of first memory blocks and a second memory block for reproducing data of the first memory blocks are formed. When a read command and a refresh command conflict with each other, a read control circuit accesses the first memory block according to the refresh command and reproduces read data by using the second memory block. When a write command and the refresh command conflict with each other, a write control circuit operates the memory block according to an order of command reception. Therefore, it is possible to perform refresh operation without being recognized by users. Namely, a user-friendly semiconductor memory can be provided.
摘要:
An input part and a feedback part are arranged in series between a second power supply line and input nodes of inverting circuits. The input part connects the second power supply line to one of the input nodes of the inverting circuits in accordance with an input signal. One of the inverting circuits operates so that a logical value corresponding to the input signal is latched into a latching part. The feedback part connects only one of the input nodes to the input part in accordance with an output level of the latching part, thereby fixing the latching state of the latching part. Since the number of stages of circuits from the input part to the latching part can be reduced, the input signal can be latched reliably even when the power supply voltages are low.
摘要:
A process for producing a magnetic recording medium is provided in which a magnetic layer including a ferromagnetic powder and a binder is provided on a non-magnetic flexible support. In the process, a magnetic liquid containing mainly a ferromagnetic powder and a binder, and an abrasive liquid paste including an abrasive and a binder are prepared separately, and the abrasive liquid paste is subsequently subjected to an ultrasonic dispersion treatment and then mixed with the magnetic liquid to prepare a magnetic coating solution for the magnetic layer.
摘要:
A phase adjustment circuit delays an external clock signal to generate an adjusted clock signal. A phase comparator compares phases of the external clock signal and the adjusted clock signal, and outputs a phase adjustment signal for adjusting a delay time of the phase adjustment circuit. A data output circuit outputs read data to a data terminal in synchronization with the adjusted clock signal. A data input circuit receives write data supplied to the data terminal, in synchronization with the adjusted clock signal. When performing input of the write data and output of the read data successively, switching control between the input operation of the write data and the output operation of the read data only has to be completed within one clock cycle. The clock cycle can thus be reduced to the time required for the switching control. Consequently, maximum frequency of the external clock signal can be increased.
摘要:
A process produces a belt-shaped member to be used in an image-forming apparatus is disclosed in which a toner image held on a latent-image-bearing member is electrostatically transferred under application of a voltage via the belt-shaped transfer member. The process includes the steps of melt-extruding a material containing a thermoplastic resin, from a circular die into a cylindrical film; forming the resultant cylindrical film by stretching in such a way that the cylindrical film comes to have a thickness smaller than the die gap of the circular die; and cutting the cylindrical film thus formed, into a seamless belt having a thickness of from 40 &mgr;m to 300 &mgr;m and a modulus in tension of 600 MPa or higher. The stretched cylindrical film is formed to have a thickness not larger than ⅓ of the die gap of the circular die. A belt-shaped transfer member may be produced by the above-described process. The so-produced belt-shaped transfer member is usable as a transfer belt in an image-forming apparatus in which a toner image held on a latent-image-bearing member is electrostatically transferred under application of a voltage via the belt-shaped transfer member.
摘要:
A first detector is provided for detecting an optical disc inserted in an opening of a reproducing system and for producing a first signal, and a second detector is provided on a reproducing device for detecting the disc carried to the device and for producing a second signal. A sensing circuit is provided for sensing a temporary reduction of a voltage of power supplied to the system and for producing a temporary reduction signal. A control means is provided to be responsive to the first signal and to the temporary reduction signal for operating a carrying device to carry the disc in an unloading direction, and in a loading direction when the disc reaches a predetermined position.
摘要:
A process for producing a transfer member to be used in a transfer system in which a toner image formed on a first image-bearing member is transferred to a second image-bearing member includes the steps of melt-extruding an extrusion material from a circular die of an extrusion/forming apparatus into a cylindrical film; and measuring the circumference of the cylindrical film and sending the resultant information to the extrusion/forming apparatus to adjust the circumference of the cylindrical film. A transfer member is produced by such a process, and an image-forming apparatus uses the transfer member. The transfer member can be produced either as an intermediate transfer belt or a transfer belt which has a stable peripheral length.
摘要:
A scroll compressor having a simple structure is disclosed, which effectively decreases the thrust load imposed on the revolving scroll without degrading the compression efficiency. The scroll compressor comprises a casing; a fixed scroll provided in the housing and comprising an end plate and a spiral protrusion built on one face of the end plate; and a revolving scroll provided in the casing and comprising an end plate and a spiral protrusion built on one face of the end plate, wherein the spiral protrusions of each scroll are engaged with each other so as to form a spiral compression chamber. In the above structure, an introduced working gas is compressed in the compression chamber and then discharged according to the revolution of the revolving scroll; a thrust member for thrust-supporting the end plate of the revolving scroll is provided at the back-face side of the end plate of the revolving scroll; a pressure pocket is formed in a face of one of the thrust member and the end plate of the revolving scroll, wherein said face faces the other of the thrust member and the end plate of the revolving scroll; and a high-pressure introduction hole for introducing a high-pressure fluid into the pressure pocket is provided at one of the thrust member side and the revolving scroll side.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory circuit includes a plurality of memory cell arrays arranged in rows and columns. A decoder circuit selects a predetermined number of memory cell arrays from among the plurality of the memory cell arrays. Sense amplifiers sense data read from selected memory cell arrays. The plurality of memory cell arrays are grouped into a first type of memory cell arrays each having a redundant memory cell and a second type of memory cell arrays each having no redundant memory cell.
摘要:
An apparatus for dressing a wafer polishing pad, including a disk-shaped dresser, an arm, and a control unit. The disk-shaped dresser is configured to be pressed against the polishing pad which rotates in a circumferential direction. The dresser is configured to rotate in a same direction as the polishing pad rotates due to frictional force generated between the dresser and the polishing pad. The arm is configured to support the dresser rotatably and to press the dresser against the polishing pad. The control unit is configured to control the arm to position the dresser such that a peripheral edge portion of the dresser is positioned outside a peripheral edge portion of the polishing pad by a predetermined distance.