摘要:
A method of detecting stress of an integrated circuit including first and second patterns formed from different materials may comprise: determining one or more stress detection points of the first pattern; dividing a region including a first stress detection point of the one or more stress detection points into a plurality of divided regions; calculating areas of the second pattern at the divided regions; and/or detecting a stress level applied to the first stress detection point of the first pattern by the second pattern based on the areas of the second pattern at the divided regions.
摘要:
A substrate-chucking electrostatic chuck (ESC) is disclosed which is sub-divided into at least three groups of electrostatic blocks, to uniformly chuck the substrate. A substrate bonding apparatus and method for a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel using the electrostatic chuck is also disclosed. The ESC includes at least three groups of electrostatic blocks which chuck the substrate using electrostatic chucking forces respectively generated by different voltages applied to the electrostatic blocks in association with the electrostatic block groups, and release the chucked substrate when the voltages are cut off.
摘要:
Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting broadcast data in a digital broadcasting service system. The apparatus includes a server terminal for receiving a digital broadcast transport stream from a digital broadcast service provider, removing a header used for the digital broadcast reception from the received broadcast stream, and transmitting a stream of broadcast data from which the header has been removed; and at least one client terminal for accessing the server terminal through an Internet Protocol (IP) network, and receiving and outputting the stream of broadcast data from which the header has been removed. The apparatus enables the user to view DVB-H broadcasts through an existing terminal, even without buying a terminal having the ability to receive a DVB-H transport stream.
摘要:
A LAN/USB bridge apparatus is provided. The LAN/USB bridge apparatus includes a wireless LAN/USB signal processor and a controller. The wireless LAN/USB signal processor receives a wireless LAN signal transmitted from a wireless LAN access point performing a bridging function between a wired LAN and a wireless LAN, transforms the received wireless LAN signal a UWB (ultra wide band) signal, and transmits the UWB signal to at least one of wireless USB apparatuses. The wireless LAN/USB signal processor also receives a UWB signal transmitted from the wireless USB apparatuses, inverse-transforms the received UWB signal to the wireless LAN signal, and transmits the wireless LAN signal to the wireless LAN access point. The controller controls and manages operations of the LAN/USB signal processor.
摘要:
A nonvolatile memory device may include a substrate having a cell region, and a cell device isolation layer on the cell region of the substrate to define a cell active region. A floating gate may include a lower floating gate and an upper floating gate sequentially stacked on the cell active region, and a tunnel insulation pattern may be between the floating gate and the cell active region. A control gate electrode may be on the floating gate, and a blocking insulation pattern may be between the control gate electrode and the floating gate. More particularly, the upper floating gate may include a flat portion on the lower floating gate and a pair of wall portions extending upward from both edges of the flat portion adjacent to the cell device isolation layer. Moreover, a width of an upper portion of a space surrounded by the flat portion and the pair of wall portions may be larger than a width of a lower portion of the space. Related methods are also discussed.
摘要:
An ultra wide band (UWB)-based wireless bridge converts wired serial data into a UWB signal with a quality of service, transmits it wirelessly, and inverts the UWB signal into wired serial data. The UWB-based wireless bridge includes: a physical layer processing portion; a protocol converting block; a UWB signal transceiving portion; and a control portion.
摘要:
Simultaneously with a robust watermark and fragile watermark or semi-watermark is embedded into conventional securities, etc., such as gift coupon, various kinds of ticket, coupon, electronic stamp, bond & debenture, note, stock certificate, lottery, paper money, check, etc. and various kinds of public documents including certificates, etc. requiring confirmation and authentication (hereinafter, referred to as “securities, etc.”) in the form of digital file. Such watermark-embedded securities, etc. are conveniently issued on-line and are printed out in the form of paper through a printer. The printed securities, etc. are used off-line and are authenticated by determining the forgery or alternation by means of photocopy, etc. through the detection of the embedded watermark.
摘要:
Disclosed is a buffer-based adaptive media playout method in a receiver side of a network media streaming system. The method includes: calculating a playout interval for playing out a current j-th frame (where j is a natural number) of a received media stream; and playing out the current j-th frame after the calculated playout interval has elapsed from the reception of the current j-th frame. The calculation of the playout interval for playing out the current j-th frame of the received media stream includes: calculating a buffer level of a (j+w)-th frame (where w is a natural number); estimating a playout pause or a playout skip on the basis of the calculated buffer level; and calculating the playout interval for playing out the current j-th frame for the predicted one of the playout pause and the playout skip. According to the above-mentioned structure, it is possible to reduce the amount of temporal distortion, such as the RMSE value of playout discontinuity due to delay or jitter, as compared to the buffer-threshold-based media playout techniques according to the related art.
摘要:
Example embodiments relate to a method of forming a conductive structure. Other example embodiments relate to a method of forming a conductive structure capable of storing or transmitting electric charges. In example embodiments, when a conductive structure including first and second conductive patterns extending in a first horizontal direction is formed, at least one of the first and second conductive patterns may decreases in size. When the conductive structure is vertically bisected in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction to form conductive members, a coupling effect generated between the conductive members adjacent to each other may be reduced.
摘要:
There is provided a method of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device using the same. The method includes forming a layer to be polished on a semiconductor substrate including a normally polished region and a dished region, and forming a dishing (i.e., over-polishing)-preventing layer on the layer to be polished in the region where dishing may occur. Then, the layer to be polished is polished while dishing thereof is prevented using the dishing-preventing layer. Accordingly, the dishing-preventing layer is formed in the region where the dishing (i.e., over-polishing) may occur, so that the dishing is prevented from occurring in a region where pattern density is low and a pattern size is large in the process of CMP.