Abstract:
An aluminum copper clad material has excellent bonding strength and includes an aluminum layer and a copper layer that are bonded without a nickel layer interposed therebetween. The aluminum layer and the copper layer are diffusion-bonded via an Al—Cu intermetallic compound layer. The copper layer satisfies Dcs≦0.5×Dcc, where Dcc represents the average crystal grain size of crystal grains in a central portion in the thickness direction of the copper layer, and Dcs represents the average crystal grain size of an interface adjacent portion C2 in the copper layer that is about 0.5 μm apart from the interface between the copper layer and the intermetallic compound layer. The intermetallic compound layer has an average thickness of about 0.5 μm to about 10 μm.
Abstract:
A high strength aluminum alloy casting obtained by casting an aluminum alloy comprised of 7.5 to 11.5 wt % of Si, 3.8 to 4.8 wt % of Cu, 0.45 to 0.65 wt % of Mg, 0.4 to 0.7 wt % of Fe, 0.35 to 0.45 wt % of Mn, and the balance of Al and not more than 0.2 wt % of unavoidable impurities, wherein this aluminum alloy has 0.1 to 0.3 wt % of Ag added to it or contains 0.1 to 1.0 wt % of at least one element selected from the group of second additive elements comprised of Rb, K, Ba, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ta, V, and Pd and rare earth elements, and a method of production of a high strength aluminum alloy casting comprising the steps of filling a melt of an aluminum alloy in a mold to obtain a casting, taking out the aluminum alloy casting from the mold, solubilizing the high strength aluminum alloy casting by heating in a temperature range of 495 to 505° C. for 2 to 6 hours, quenching the high strength aluminum alloy casting after the solubilization, and age hardening the high strength aluminum alloy casting by heating in a temperature range of 160 to 220° C. for 2 to 6 hours after quenching.
Abstract:
A biaxially drawn, blow-molded bottle and its preform comprise at least a layer of a gas barrier material laminated inside the PET resin layers, a functional portion having a screw thread raised spirally in the upper portion of neck and also having a stop ring disposed under the screw thread, and a neck ring disposed at the lower end of the neck. In these preform and bottle, the leading edge of the gas barrier layer is positioned at a half height of the neck ring where the most advanced front of the leading edge neither reaches a half height of the stop ring nor extends to the functional portion. It is intended here that the neck would not be affected by the shrinking deformation caused by the existence of the gas barrier layer in the functional portion of the neck, which is treated for thermal crystallization.
Abstract:
A sealing mechanism comprises a support member forming part of the semiconductor producing apparatus which has a vacuum chamber, a rotation shaft rotatably received in the support member, and at least three seal rings axially spaced apart from each other between the support member and the rotation shaft to form a first fluid chamber close to the atmosphere and a second fluid chamber close to the vacuum chamber. The first fluid chamber is vacuumized to have a first pressure, and the second fluid chamber is also vacuumized to have a second pressure which is lower than the first pressure. The first and second fluid chambers work together to enhance the sealing performance of the sealing mechanism.
Abstract:
Problems on catalyst production and catalyst performance with respect to conventional 8-oxygen-membered ring micropore-containing crystalline silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves as non-equilibrium methylamine synthesis catalysts, are resolved. A chabazite type crystalline silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve having high purity and high crystallinity and having, on a crystal grain surface, an amorphous oxide layer whose Si/Al atomic ratio is greater than that of the whole crystal grain can be stably produced with high yield with the use of a small amount of structure directing agents by the present method characterized in that hydrothermal treatment conducted in the production of 8-oxygen-membered ring micropore-containing crystalline silicoaluminophosphate sieves is controlled under specified treating conditions. The thickness and composition of the amorphous oxide layer, which exert marked influence on the yield of dimethylamine synthesis, can be easily controlled and reproduced under the conditions of catalyst synthesis according to the invention. Thus, the catalyst of high performance can be stably supplied by the present invention at a low cost with reduced output of waste.
Abstract:
The purpose of this invention is to set the position of the gas barrier layer in such a manner as to solve the problem of decreased accuracy of neck molding dimensions created by the thermal crystallization and the problem of interlaminar separation in the bottom, both of which are associated with the provision of the gas barrier layer. Problems should be solved without being affected by the displacement of the gas barrier layer, which may take place during the co-injection operation of the PET resin layers and the gas barrier layer. A biaxially drawn, blow-molded bottle and its preform comprise at least a layer of a gas barrier material 3 laminated inside the PET resin layers 2, a functional portion 5 having a screw thread 8 raised spirally in the upper portion of neck 4 and also having a stop ring 6 disposed under the screw thread 8, and a neck ring 7 disposed at the lower end of the neck 4. In these preform and bottle, the leading edge 3a of the gas barrier layer 3 is positioned at a half height of the neck ring 7 where the most advanced front of the leading edge 3a neither reaches a half height of the stop ring 6 nor extends to the functional portion 5. It is intended here that the neck 4 would not be affected by the shrinking deformation caused by the existence of the gas barrier layer 3 in the functional portion 5 of the neck 4, which is treated for thermal crystallization.
Abstract:
A lanthanide-containing alloy is produced by retaining the melt of this alloy by the use of a container having the inner surface formed of a calcia-based refractory possessing a CaO content of not less than 90% by weight in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
Abstract:
An improved electric power steering system is disclosed. The system includes an electric motor as a driving device. Input system torque, motor current flow and motor temperature are detected and used to control the motor to prevent premature failure of the system due to elevated temperatures in the vehicle engine compartment.
Abstract:
An aluminum alloy for casting purposes contains over 6% and up to 13% by weight of silicon, over 2% and up to 5% by weight of copper, over 0.25% and up to 1% by weight of magnesium, over 0.1% and up to 0.5% by weight of nickel, and over 0.03% and up to 1% by weight of antimony, in addition to aluminum and impurities. The copper and magnesium have a ratio by weight of about 3:1 to 8:1.
Abstract:
The preform of the biaxially drawn, blow-molded bottle comprises polyethylene terephthalate layers 2 and at least a gas barrier layer 3 laminated with the polyethylene terephthalate layers. The gas barrier layer 3 extends downward from a level halfway to the height of the neck 4 including the neck ring 5, or at least from above the neck ring 5, down virtually to the lower end of body 6. The gas barrier layer 3 inside the wall of the neck 4 has an average thickness corresponding to a third (⅓) or less of the maximum thickness of the gas barrier layer 3 inside the wall of the body 6, allowing most of the gas barrier material to be located in the wall of the body 6. Thus, the gas barrier material is effectively utilized, and in the case of the heat-resistant bottle, the neck has the predetermined dimensions without fail after the whitening treatment.