摘要:
A caching system for a shared bus multiprocessor which includes several processors each having its own private cache memory. Each private cache is connected to a first bus to which a second, higher level cache memory is also connected. The second, higher level cache in turn is connected either to another bus and higher level cache memory or to main system memory through a global bus. Each higher level cache includes enough memory space so as to enable the higher level cache to have a copy of every memory location in the caches on the level immediately below it. In turn, main memory includes enough space for a copy of each memory location of the highest level of cache memories. The caching can be used with either write-through or write-deferred cache coherency management schemes.
摘要:
A network of computer node interface to globally addressable memory system that provides persistent storage of data exchange periodic connectivity information. The exchanged connectivity information provides information regarding node failure to other nodes in the system, and the surviving nodes use the information to determine which node, if any, has ceased functioning. Various processes are used to recover the portion of the global address space for which the failed node was responsible, including RAM directory, disk directory, or file system information. Additionally, nodes may be subdivided into groups and connectivity information is exchanged between nodes belonging to a group. Each group then exchanges group-wise connectivity information and failures may be recovered.
摘要:
A multiprocessor system has a plurality of processing cells, each including a processor and memory, interconnected via a network. The memories respond to requests by the processors for accessing data and, absent fault, transmitting it in response packets to at least to the requesting processors. A fault containment element responds to at least certain faults during access or transmission of a datum for including within the respective response packet a fault signal that prevents the requestor from accessing the datum. If a fault is detected in a datum not previously detected as faulty, a marking element can include a "marked fault" signal in the response packet. Whereas, it can include an "unmarked fault" signal when it detects a fault associated with a requested datum, but not specifically isolated to that datum. When a request is made for a datum which had previously been detected as faulty, the marking element can include in the response packet a "descriptor fault" signal. This facilitates identification of a particular source of an error and prevents that error from propagating to other processing cells.
摘要:
A digital data processing apparatus has plural processing cells, each with a memory element that stores data page made up of plural subpages. At least one of the cells includes a CPU that can request access to a data subpage. A memory manager responds to selected data access requests by (i) allocating, within the memory local to the requesting CPU, exclusive physical storage space for a data page associated with the requested subpage, and (ii) storing the requested subpage in that allocated space. The apparatus recombines data pages and deallocates them on the basis of usage and access state. The apparatus also accesses data asynchronously with respect to execution of instructions by the CPU.
摘要:
In a network of computer nodes, a directory service provides both the physical location of directory information around the network and the directory information itself in a single data structure. This single data structure is distributed throughout the network, and continuously redistributed, so as to create a directory service that is both more flexible, and more robust, than prior art directory services.
摘要:
A darkroom calculator that performs mass, volume, concentration and temperature conversions useful in the preparation of darkroom chemicals; calculation of proper development times and temperatures for exposed film; calculation of proper dilution temperatures; calculation of exposure values relevant to the enlargement process and exposure of sensitized substrates; and monitoring of the passage of time and solution temperature levels.
摘要:
Various systems and methods facilitate internal communication within a lighting module as well as communication over an external network. In various embodiments, systems and methods involve direct transmission of operating conditions affecting one or more LEDs to the LED driver via a small electronics package co-located with the LEDs, as well as from the driver and over an external network.
摘要:
Novel, non-toxic cobalt-based contrast and imaging agents for use in enhanced medical imaging modalities and processes are described, as well the manufacture of markers containing such contrast agents is described, and uses for such imaging markers and contrast agents in a variety of therapeutic applications and devices.
摘要:
A multiprocessor digital data processing system comprises a plurality of processing cells arranged in a hierarchy of rings. The system selectively allocates storage and moves exclusive data copies from cell to cell in response to access requests generated by the cells. Routing elements are employed to selectively broadcast data access requests, updates and transfers on the rings.
摘要:
The invention provides a device for puncturing a sealed container, and a container which includes that device. The puncture device includes a body member for releasable attachment to the container over a seal on the container, and a puncture member for puncture of the seal. The invention provides child resistant, tamper-proof containers which can easily be opened by handicapped adults and the elderly.