摘要:
Provided are a magnetic memory device and a method of forming the same. The magnetic memory device includes a magnetic tunnel junction pattern located on a substrate and including magnetic patterns and a tunnel barrier pattern located between the magnetic patterns, and a first crystallinity conserving pattern located on the magnetic tunnel junction pattern and having a higher crystallization temperature than the magnetic patterns. The first crystallinity conserving pattern is amorphous.
摘要:
A cleaning solution selectively removes a titanium nitride layer and a non-reacting metal layer. The cleaning solution includes an acid solution and an oxidation agent with iodine. The cleaning solution also effectively removes a photoresist layer and organic materials. Moreover, the cleaning solution can be employed in tungsten gate electrode technologies that have been spotlighted because of the capability to improve device operation characteristics.
摘要:
A cleaning method for removing foreign bodies during the fabrication of semiconductor devices including treating a substrate with a cleaning solution including an oxidizer to form a chemical oxide layer and then removing the chemical oxide layer, thereby removing foreign bodies from a surface of the semiconductor substrate. Accordingly, the foreign bodies can be substantially removed from the surface of the substrate without corroding a metal.
摘要:
An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit is provided. The ESD protection circuit includes: a first conductivity type substrate; a second conductivity type well region formed in a predetermined portion of the substrate; a gate structure including a gate insulation layer and a gate electrode stacked on a selected surface portion of the substrate and separated from the well region with a predetermined distance; a first conductivity type first diffusion region formed in the well region; a second conductivity type second diffusion region formed beneath another selected surface portion of the substrate contacting one side edge of the gate structure; and a second conductivity type third diffusion region, extending from the other side edge of the gate structure into the well region, and electrically connected to the first diffusion region through a resistor.
摘要:
An apparatus for drying a substrate using the Marangoni effect is disclosed. The apparatus includes a rotatable supporting portion on which a substrate is placed. A first nozzle for supplying de-ionized water and a second nozzle for supplying isopropyl alcohol vapor are provided on the supporting portion. When the isopropyl alcohol vapor is supplied to the center of the substrate at the initial stage, the amount of alcohol that reaches the substrate is controlled by a controlling portion such that the amount of the second liquid gradually increases.
摘要:
A semiconductor device protecting the ends of a gate line and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a gate line crossing over the semiconductor substrate, and a protecting pattern covering ends of the gate line. According to the method, a gate line is formed at a semiconductor substrate. A spacer is formed to cover sidewalls of the gate line. A protecting pattern is formed to cover the ends of the gate line. The protecting pattern may be formed of silicon nitride or silicon oxide. Since the protecting pattern protects ends of a gate line, it is possible to prevent gate electrodes from being damaged by a cleaning solution such as SC1 in a subsequent process.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to an acid catalyst composition for producing 5-chloromethyl-2-furfural from galactan derived from seaweed and a method for producing 5-chloromethyl-2-furfural from galactan derived from seaweed on a two component phase using the acid catalyst, the acid catalyst composition for producing 5-chloromethyl-2-furfural from galactan derived from seaweed including organic solvent and dilute hydrochloric acid, a concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid being 4N to 8N (normal).According to the present disclosure, there is an advantage of converting 5-chloromethyl-2-furfural from galactan derived from seaweed by means of a single process by mixing dilute hydrochloric acid and organic solvent by an optimal ratio, unlike conventional methods for producing 5-chloromethyl-2-furfural that had to go through a multi-phase process of preconditioning and saccharification.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method of preparing a petroleum-alternative bio fuel material such as 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), 5-alkoxymethyl-2-furfural, levulinic acid alkil ester, etc. through a single process without saccharification, using a catalyst conversion reaction, from galactan that can be massively supplied at low costs and extracted from macroalgae of marine reusable resources.Thus, the macroalgae of the marine biomass resources is used so that a carbon source can be more easily extracted than that of a lignocellulosic biomass resource without a problem of having an effect on grain price like a crop-based biomass.
摘要:
Provided is a method of manufacturing a capacitor of a semiconductor device, which can prevent tilting or an electrical short of a lower electrode. In the method, a mesh-type bridge insulating layer is formed above the contact plug on a mold oxide layer. The mold oxide layer and the bridge insulating layer are etched to define an electrode region. The mold oxide layer is removed using an etching gas having an etch selectivity of 500 or greater for the mold oxide layer with respect to the bridge insulating layer.
摘要:
A transistor having a metal nitride layer pattern, etchant and methods of forming the same is provided. A gate insulating layer and/or a metal nitride layer may be formed on a semiconductor substrate. A mask layer may be formed on the metal nitride layer. Using the mask layer as an etching mask, an etching process may be performed on the metal nitride layer, forming the metal nitride layer pattern. An etchant, which may have an oxidizing agent, a chelate agent and/or a pH adjusting mixture, may perform the etching. The methods may reduce etching damage to a gate insulating layer under the metal nitride layer pattern during the formation of a transistor.