摘要:
The present invention provides methods of forming a phase-change material layer including providing a substrate and a chalcogenide target including germanium (Ge), antimony (Sb) and tellurium (Te) at a temperature wherein tellurium is volatilized and antimony is not volatilized, and performing a sputtering process to form the phase-change material layer including a chalcogenide material on the substrate. Methods of manufacturing a phase-change memory device using the same are also provided.
摘要:
Methods of fabricating a nonvolatile memory device using a resistance material and a nonvolatile memory device are provided. According to example embodiments, a method of fabricating a nonvolatile memory device may include forming at least one semiconductor pattern on a substrate, forming a metal layer on the at least one semiconductor pattern, forming a mixed-phase metal silicide layer, in which at least two phases coexist, by performing at least one heat treatment on the substrate so that the at least one semiconductor pattern may react with the metal layer, and exposing the substrate to an etching gas.
摘要:
The present invention provides methods of forming a phase-change material layer including providing a substrate and a chalcogenide target including germanium (Ge), antimony (Sb) and tellurium (Te) at a temperature wherein tellurium is volatilized and antimony is not volatilized, and performing a sputtering process to form the phase-change material layer including a chalcogenide material on the substrate. Methods of manufacturing a phase-change memory device using the same are also provided.
摘要:
An interconnection structure having an oxygen trap pattern in a semiconductor device, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The interconnection structure includes a lower interlayer insulating layer formed on a semiconductor substrate. A metal layer pattern and a capping layer pattern are sequentially stacked on the lower interlayer insulating layer. An oxygen trap pattern is disposed on the capping layer pattern and includes a conductive oxygen trap pattern.
摘要:
A memory module includes a command/address (CA) register, memory devices, and a module resistor unit mounted on a circuit board. The centrally disposed CA register drive the memory devices one or more internal CA signal(s) to arrangements of memory devices using multiple CA transmission lines, wherein the multiple internal CA transmission lines are commonly terminated in the module resistor unit.
摘要:
An apparatus of generating a multi-channel sound signal is provided. The apparatus may include a sound separator to determine a number (N) of sound signals based on at least one of a mixing characteristic and a spatial characteristic of a multi-channel sound signal when receiving the multi-channel sound signal, and to separate the multi-channel sound signal into N sound signals, the sound signals being generated such that the multi-channel sound signal is separated, and a sound synthesizer to synthesize N sound signals to be M sound signals.
摘要:
A limiter circuit in a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit and a driving circuit having a pull-up transistor and a pull-down transistor. The first control circuit generates a first driving control signal for controlling the pull-up transistor based on an AC input signal and a first DC bias voltage. The second control circuit generates a second driving control signal for controlling the pull-down transistor based on the AC input signal and a second DC bias voltage. The driving circuit generates an output signal based on the first driving control signal and the second driving control signal. The output signal swings between a first voltage at the pull-up transistor and a second voltage at the pull-down transistor.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a luminous device with a heat pipe formed therein and a heat pipe lead for a luminous device. The present invention provides a luminous device including a heat pipe lead or electrode and a luminous chip mounted onto the heat pipe lead or electrode. The luminous device of the present invention further comprises a heat dissipation member, such as a heat radiating plate or thermoelectric device, installed at an end of the heat pipe lead or electrode. Therefore, through the heat pipe lead or electrode of the present invention, a higher heat dissipation effect greater can be obtained as compared with the conventional one. As a result, it is possible to reduce thermal stress on a luminous device and to prevent the occurrence of a phenomenon in which external impurities penetrate into the luminous device. In addition, the cooling efficiency and the light-emitting efficiency of a luminous chip can be maximized by further disposing a heat dissipation member outside the heat pipe.
摘要:
The present invention relates to isolated raptor nucleic acid molecules of mammalian origin (e.g., human) and complements, portions and variants thereof. Another aspect of the invention are isolated raptor polypeptides of mammalian origin and portions thereof, and antibodies or antigen binding fragments thereof that specifically bind a raptor polypeptide. The present invention also relates to constructs and host cells comprising the nucleic acid molecules described herein. In addition, the present invention relates to uses of the nucleic acid and polypeptide molecules provided herein.
摘要:
Provided is printer operation control system and method for a printer having diverse print functions by using an external memory. The external memory is used to store information on the availability of each print function. A reader is provided for reading the information on the availability of each print function stored in the external memory. Further, a function setting unit is provided for setting up the operability of software for each print function based on the information read in the reader. Even further, a controller is provided for controlling the operation of the printer based on the operability of each software set up in the function setting unit.