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    Process for removing loose powder particles from interior passages of a body
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for removing loose powder particles from interior passages of a body 失效
    从身体内部通道去除松散粉末颗粒的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5490882A

    公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

    申请号：US983156

    申请日：1992-11-30

    申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima ,  James F. Bredt ,  Satbir Khanuja

    发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima ,  James F. Bredt ,  Satbir Khanuja

    IPC分类号： B08B3/10 ,  B08B3/12 ,  B08B5/04 ,  B08B7/00 ,  B08B9/00 ,  B08B9/08 ,  B22C9/18 ,  B22C23/02 ,  B22F3/00 ,  B24B1/04 ,  B29C33/56

    CPC分类号： B22F3/008 ,  B08B3/10 ,  B08B3/12 ,  B08B5/04 ,  B08B7/00 ,  B08B9/00 ,  B22C9/18 ,  B24B1/04 ,  B29C33/56

    摘要： A technique for removing loose powder from the interior surfaces of ceramic molds made using layer manufacturing processes, such as three dimensional printing processes. The interior of a mold can be filled with liquid, such as water, which is boiled by applying microwave energy of a frequency selected to heat the liquid. The particles are entrained in the flow caused by the boiling liquid. Alternatively, fine particles are introduced into the mold and the mold is agitated to dislodge the particles and the powder so that they can be poured out of the mold. Such technique tends also to remove the surface finish of the mold. Any of the particles which remain can be dissolved in a liquid and removed in the liquid from the mold. Further, the surface finish of the mold can be improved by casting a slip of fine particles onto the surface to form a generally level, and preferably non-conformal, coating on the surfaces.

    摘要翻译： 从使用层制造工艺（例如三维印刷工艺）制成的陶瓷模具的内表面去除松散粉末的技术。 模具的内部可以充满液体，例如水，其通过施加频率选择的加热液体的微波能量来煮沸。 颗粒被夹带在由沸腾液体引起的流中。 或者，将细颗粒引入模具中并搅拌模具以移除颗粒和粉末，使得它们可以从模具中倒出。 这种技术也可以去除模具的表面光洁度。 残留的任何颗粒都可以溶解在液体中并从模具中移出液体。 此外，可以通过将表面上的微细颗粒滑移到表面上以形成表面上的大致水平的，优选非保形的涂层来改善模具的表面光洁度。

    Molds for casting with customized internal structure to collapse upon cooling and to facilitate control of heat transfer
    4.
    发明授权
    Molds for casting with customized internal structure to collapse upon cooling and to facilitate control of heat transfer 有权
    用于具有定制内部结构的铸造模具在冷却时塌陷并且便于控制热传递

    公开(公告)号：US06629559B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

    申请号：US10131001

    申请日：2002-04-24

    申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Won B. Bang ,  Michael J. Cima

    发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Won B. Bang ,  Michael J. Cima

    IPC分类号： B22C902

    CPC分类号： B22C9/00 ,  B22C9/04 ,  B33Y80/00

    摘要： A new mold solves problems that arise from differential changes in geometry inherent to casting metal in a ceramic mold, by control of the internal morphology between the surfaces of the mold that face the casting, and that face the external environment. Layered fabrication techniques are used to create a ceramic mold. For example, an internal geometry composed of a cellular arrangement of voids may be created within the mold wall. Structures may be designed and fabricated so that the ceramic mold fails at an appropriate time during the solidification and/or cooling of the casting. Thus, the casting itself is not damaged. The mold fails to avoid rupture, or even distortion, of the casting. A thin shell of ceramic defines the casting cavity. This shell must be thin enough to fail due to the stresses induced (primarily compressive) by the metal next to it and partly adherent to it. A support structure is provided with a morphology that supports the thin shell that defines the casting geometry, yet that also fails as the casting solidifies and/or cools. Typically, the support structure is a skeletal network with voids therebetween. The skeletal elements may be struts, or sheets or both. At least the following two failure mechanisms may be exploited in the design of the support structure: bending in the structure; and under compressive loads, either by buckling of a support member or, breakage under compressive loading. The failure of the support structure may also be due to a combination of bending and compression.

    摘要翻译： 一种新的模具解决了陶瓷模具中铸造金属固有几何差异变化的问题，通过控制模具表面之间的内部形态以及面对外部环境的内部形态。 使用分层制造技术来制造陶瓷模具。 例如，可以在模具壁内形成由空隙的细胞布置构成的内部几何形状。 可以设计和制造结构，使得陶瓷模具在铸件的凝固和/或冷却期间在适当的时间失效。 因此，铸件本身不会损坏。 模具不能避免铸件的破裂或甚至变形。陶瓷的薄壳体限定铸造腔体。 这种外壳必须足够薄以致由于紧邻其上的金属（部分粘附在其上）的应力引起（主要是压缩）的应力而失效。 支撑结构具有支撑限定铸造几何形状的薄壳的形态，但是当铸件固化和/或冷却时也会失效。 通常，支撑结构是其间具有空隙的骨架网络。 骨架元件可以是支柱或片材或两者。至少在支撑结构的设计中可以利用以下两种故障机构：在结构中弯曲; 并且在压缩载荷下，通过支撑构件的弯曲或在压缩载荷下断裂。 支撑结构的故障也可能是由于弯曲和压缩的组合。

    Molds for casting with customized internal structure to collapse upon cooling and to facilitate control of heat transfer
    8.
    发明授权
    Molds for casting with customized internal structure to collapse upon cooling and to facilitate control of heat transfer 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06397922B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

    申请号：US09577920

    申请日：2000-05-24

    申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Won B. Bang ,  Michael J. Cima

    发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Won B. Bang ,  Michael J. Cima

    IPC分类号： B22D4600

    CPC分类号： B22C9/00 ,  B22C9/04 ,  B33Y80/00

    摘要： A new mold solves problems that arise from differential changes in geometry inherent to casting metal in a ceramic mold, by control of the internal morphology between the surfaces of the mold that face the casting, and that face the external environment. Layered fabrication techniques are used to create a ceramic mold. For example, an internal geometry composed of a cellular arrangement of voids may be created within the mold wall. Structures may be designed and fabricated so that the ceramic mold fails at an appropriate time during the solidification and/or cooling of the casting. Thus, the casting itself is not damaged. The mold fails to avoid rupture, or even distortion, of the casting. A thin shell of ceramic defines the casting cavity. This shell must be thin enough to fail due to the stresses induced (primarily compressive) by the metal next to it and partly adherent to it. A support structure is provided with a morphology that supports the thin shell that defines the casting geometry, yet that also fails as the casting solidifies and/or cools. Typically, the support structure is a skeletal network with voids therebetween. The skeletal elements may be struts, or sheets or both. At least the following two failure mechanisms may be exploited in the design of the support structure: bending in the structure; and under compressive loads, either by buckling of a support member or, breakage under compressive loading. The failure of the support structure may also be due to a combination of bending and compression.

    Three-dimensional product manufacture using masks
    9.
    发明授权
    Three-dimensional product manufacture using masks 失效
    使用面具的三维产品制造

    公开(公告)号：US5940674A

    公开(公告)日：1999-08-17

    申请号：US831636

    申请日：1997-04-09

    申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima

    发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima

    IPC分类号： B22F3/115 ,  B29C67/00 ,  B22F3/10 ,  B22F7/02

    CPC分类号： B29C67/0081 ,  B22F3/115 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2998/10

    摘要： A process for making a component includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a porous material; positioning a mask near to the deposited layer; applying a bonding material that will cause any contacted portions of the porous material to become bonded together, over and through the mask, such that the bonding material is applied to one or more selected regions of the recently deposited layer of porous material; and repeating the foregoing three steps a selected number of times to produce a selected number of successive layers, said bonding material causing each of said successive layers to become bonded to an adjacent layer. Any unbonded porous material that is not at the selected regions is easily removed. The mask may be an open stencil mask, or a screen mask. If open stencil masks are used, there may be more than one mask for a single layer of porous material. Successive masks may be positioned by a continuous sheet, a rotating disk, or individually, such as by a robot. The porous material may be metallic or ceramic or plastic, and it may be loose powder or loosely bonded powder. The bonding material may be applied as droplets or a jet. Droplets may be applied by sonic or ultrasonic atomizer, through a nozzle, a simple orifice, or by an electrostatic arrangement, such as in electrostatic painting. The mask may be positioned in contact with the powder material or spaced away therefrom.

    摘要翻译： 制备组分的方法包括以下步骤：沉积多孔材料层; 将掩模定位在沉积层附近; 施加将导致多孔材料的任何接触部分接合在一起的接合材料，在掩模上并通过掩模，使得接合材料施加到最近沉积的多孔材料层的一个或多个选定区域; 并重复上述三个步骤选定次数以产生选定数量的连续层，所述粘合材料使得每个所述连续层变得粘结到相邻层。 不在选定区域的任何未结合的多孔材料都容易除去。 面罩可以是开放的模板面罩或屏幕面罩。 如果使用开放的模版掩模，则可能有多于一个多孔材料层的掩模。 连续的面罩可以由连续的片材，旋转盘或单独的机器人定位。 多孔材料可以是金属或陶瓷或塑料，并且它可以是松散粉末或松散结合的粉末。 接合材料可以作为液滴或喷射施加。 液滴可以通过声波或超声波雾化器，通过喷嘴，简单的孔口，或通过静电装置，例如在静电喷涂中施加。 掩模可以定位成与粉末材料接触或与之隔开。