摘要:
The contact lenses of the present invention are formed of copolymers with monomers having hydroxyl groups and fluoroalkyl groups as their components. This invention makes it possible to provide contact lenses which are excellent not only in oxygen permeability, wettability and hardness, but also in contamination resistance to protein, lipids, etc., and transparency, etc.
摘要:
It is to provide a membrane/electrode assembly excellent in the power generation characteristics under low or no humidity conditions and under high humidity conditions, and an electrolyte material suitable for a catalyst layer of the membrane/electrode assembly.It is to use an electrolyte material, which comprises a polymer (H) having ion exchange groups converted from precursor groups in a polymer (F) having repeating units (A) having a precursor group represented by the formula (g1) and repeating units (B) based on a perfluoromonomer having a 5-membered ring, and having a density of at most 2.03 g/cm3, the polymer (H) having an ion exchange capacity of from 1.3 to 2.3 meq/g dry resin: wherein Q1 and Q2 are a perfluoroalkylene group having an etheric oxygen atom, or the like, and Y is F or the like.
摘要翻译:提供一种在低或无湿度条件下和高湿度条件下发电特性优异的膜/电极组件,以及适用于膜/电极组件的催化剂层的电解质材料。 使用电解质材料,其包含在具有由式(g1)表示的前体基团和重复单元(重复单元)的重复单元(A)的聚合物(F)中由前体基团转化的离子交换基团的聚合物(H) B)基于具有5元环的全氟单体,并且密度为至多2.03g / cm 3,所述聚合物(H)的离子交换容量为1.3-2.3meq / g干树脂:其中Q1和Q2 是具有醚性氧原子等的全氟亚烷基,Y是F等。
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process of making α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds. The synthetic pathway involves reacting an aldehyde or ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate in the presence of a catalyst of the formula (IV): wherein Xa-Xc represent independently nitrogen, carbon, oxygen or sulfur and Z represents a 4 to 10-membered ring with or without a substituent and optionally a further step to convert the α-aminooxyketone compound formed to the α-hydroxyketone compound which results in α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds with high enantioselectivity and high purity. The present invention is also directed to a catalytic asymmetric O-nitroso Aldol/Michael reaction involving a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate. This methodology involves reacting the cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and the nitroso substrate in the presence of a proline-based catalyst, to provide a heterocyclic product.
摘要:
In a substrate processing control method, a first process acquires a first-reflectance-spectrum of a beam reflected from the first-fine-structure and a second-reflectance-spectrum of a beam reflected from the second-fine-structure for each of varying-pattern-dimensions of the first-fine-structure when the pattern-dimension of the first-fine-structure is varied. A second process acquires reference-spectrum-data for each of the varying-pattern-dimensions of the first-fine-structure by overlapping the first-reflectance-spectrum with the second-reflectance-spectrum. A third process actually measures beams reflected from the first and the second-fine-structure, respectively, after irradiating light beam on to the substrate and acquiring reflectance-spectrums of the actual-measured beams as actual-measured spectrum data. A fourth process compares the actual-measured spectrum data with the respective reference-spectrum data and acquiring, as the measured pattern-dimension, one of the varying-pattern-dimensions corresponding to reference-spectrum data that is closely matches with the actual-measured spectrum data. A final process ends the processing of the substrate if the measured pattern-dimension reaches a value.
摘要:
In a plasma processing method, a correlation between substrate type data and optical data is obtained by using a multivariate analysis; substrate type data is obtained from optical data based on the correlation when initiating a plasma processing; and a substrate type is determined by using the obtained substrate type data. Further, a setting data set corresponding to the determined substrate type is selected from setting data sets, each for detecting a plasma processing end point of the plasma processing, each of the setting data sets being stored in advance in a data storage unit; an end point of the plasma processing is detected based on the selected setting data set; and the plasma processing is terminated at the detected end point.
摘要:
To provide a membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and processes for their production, which make it possible to stably exhibit a high power generation performance in various environments. A membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which comprises a first electrode having a first catalyst layer and a first gas diffusion layer, a second electrode having a second catalyst layer and a second gas diffusion layer, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the 90° peel strength at least one of the interface between the first electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane and the interface between the second electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane is at least 0.03 N/cm.
摘要:
A membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells which is excellent in water repellency and gas diffusivity and which exhibits a high output power density, can be obtained by using, as an electrolyte material for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a fluoropolymer obtained by contacting a fluoropolymer which is excellent in gas diffusivity and which has alicyclic structures in its main chain and further has sulfonic acid groups, with fluorine gas for fluorination to increase water repellency and stabilize the molecule ends. The above fluoropolymer is preferably made of a copolymer comprising repeating units based on the following monomer A and repeating units based on the following monomer B (wherein Y is a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group, m is an integer of from 0 to 3, p is 0 or 1, and n is an integer of from 1 to 12): Monomer A: A perfluoromonomer which gives a polymer having repeating units containing cyclic structures in its main chain by radical polymerization Monomer B: CF2═CF—(OCF2CFY)m-0p-(CF2)n—SO3H
摘要:
An ion generating element capable of cost reduction and space saving while exhibiting a high generation efficiency of positive ions and negative ions and stabilized generation capacity with less variation, and an ion generator and a neutralizer employing it. The ion generating element comprises a dielectric body having at least two faces, at least two discharge electrodes arranged on the at least two faces of the dielectric body, and an induction electrode arranged in the dielectric body and subjected to the action of the at least two discharge electrodes and is characterized in that positive ions and negative ions are generated on the body, and ions are generated from the at least two faces of the dielectric body through discharge generated because of the potential difference between the discharge electrode of the ion generating element and the induction electrode when a drive voltage is applied between them.
摘要:
A compound containing two fluorosulfonyl groups which are groups convertible to sulfonic acid groups, an intermediate therefor, and methods for their production with high productivity, are provided. Also provided are a fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing such a compound, and a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer obtained from such a polymer.A method for producing a compound of the following formula (m0), such a compound, a fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing such a compound, and a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer obtained from such a polymer, provided that RF01 is a single bond or a C1-6 bivalent perfluoro organic group, RF02 is a C1-6 bivalent perfluoro organic group, and n is 0 or 1:
摘要:
A membrane/electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising an anode and a cathode each having a catalyst layer containing a proton conductive polymer, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the proton conductive polymer has an electrical conductivity of at least 0.07 S/cm at a temperature of 80° C. at a relative humidity of 40% and has a water content less than 150 mass %.