摘要:
The invention relates to a light source (1) comprising a light generating unit (2) like an organic light emitting diode and an outcoupling device (3) for coupling light out of the light generating unit in an outcoupling direction (4). The outcoupling device comprises a first region (5) for facing the light generating unit, a second region (7) having a refractive index being smaller than the refractive index of the first region, and a structured intermediate region (6) between the first region and the second region. The first region is optically homogenous and has a thickness in the outcoupling direction being larger than a coherence length of the light, thereby reducing generally possible wavelength dependent interference effects and, thus, a corresponding degradation of the outcoupling efficiency. The outcoupling efficiency can therefore be increased.
摘要:
The invention relates to a light source (1) comprising a light generating unit (2) like an organic light emitting diode and an outcoupling device (3) for coupling light out of the light generating unit in an outcoupling direction (4). The outcoupling device comprises a first region (5) for facing the light generating unit, a second region (7) having a refractive index being smaller than the refractive index of the first region, and a structured intermediate region (6) between the first region and the second region. The first region is optically homogenous and has a thickness in the outcoupling direction being larger than a coherence length of the light, thereby reducing generally possible wavelength dependent interference effects and, thus, a corresponding degradation of the outcoupling efficiency. The outcoupling efficiency can therefore be increased.
摘要:
A method for producing a porous element is presented. A powdery metal-ceramic composite material is produced. The composite material has a metal matrix and a ceramic portion amounting to less than 25 percent by volume. The metal matrix is at least partially oxidized to obtain a metal oxide. The metal-ceramic composite material is grinded and mixed with powdery ceramic supporting particles to obtain a metal-ceramic/ceramic mixture. The metal-ceramic/ceramic mixture is shaped into the porous element. The porous element can be used as an energy storage medium in a battery.
摘要:
A method for producing an interconnector for high temperature fuel cells, an associated high temperature fuel cell and a fuel cell system are provided. A precisely defined sealing area made of material with good electro-conductive properties is introduced as an interconnector into a metallic porous carrier of a high temperature fuel cell. The material is applied to the carrier in a precisely defined manner and infiltrates into a sintered composite of the carrier material by heat treatment. An interconnector is produced in the fuel cell, wherein the fuel cells are interconnected via the interconnector. Such a fuel cell has a working temperature of between 500 and 700° C.
摘要:
An optoelectronic device (100) comprising at least one optoelectronic active region (101) comprising at least a rear electrode (102) and a front electrode (103) between which an organic optoelectronic material (104) is sandwiched, said rear electrode (102) being reflective, and a cover layer (105) arranged in front of said front electrode (103). The cover layer (105) comprises a material with light-scattering particles (110) of a first material dispersed in a transparent matrix (111) of at an least partly hydrolyzed silica sol. Due to the highly scattering propertied of the cover layer, the device is essentially concealed behind the cover layer when not in its operative state.
摘要:
A luminous body is described, in particular in the form of a planar illumination device for general lighting or for backlighting of displays, wherein the luminous body comprises a plurality of light sources arranged in a housing (1) such as, for example, LED elements (3, 5). The luminous body is remarkable in that the light of the light sources is radiated at least substantially in a direction parallel to a light emission surface (6) of the housing (1), while the inner walls of the housing (1) reflect the light at least partly. Not only does this render it possible to achieve a very homogeneous light distribution on the light emission surface (6) also in the case of a small constructional height of the luminous body, but the fact that no optical waveguide plate is required in the housing (1) also provides advantages in the form of a simple manufacture and low cost.
摘要:
A method for dissolving a hardened glass solder, a method for separating components joined by a glass solder, a method for disassembling a fuel cell, and an apparatus for disassembling a fuel cell, include heating the hardened glass solder in a melt of a hydroxide. As a result, components which had been joined through the use of the hardened glass solder are able to be reused or subjected to a recycling process.
摘要:
A rechargeable energy storage unit is proposed. The rechargeable energy storage unit has a first and a second electrode. The first electrode is associated with metallic particles composed of a metal which can be reduced during charging operation of the energy storage unit and can be oxidized during discharging operation of the energy storage unit. The rechargeable energy storage unit has an electrolyte arranged between the electrodes. The metallic particles additionally contain a material which constrains sintering of the metallic particles.
摘要:
A planar high temperature fuel cell, a use and a method of manufacture are discloses. The planar high-temperature fuel cell with includes a layer structure. The layer structure includes a cathode layer, an anode layer and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer. Each of the layers are planar. A porous metal structure is used as the support for the layer structure and is also planar.
摘要:
An LED includes a substrate layer with a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface and having a refractive index of n1. A light emitter is provided on the first surface and an array of particles is arranged on the second surface. The index matching layer between the particles on the second surface has a refractive index of n2being n2≧n1−0.5 and n2≦n1+3. Further, the filling height of the index matching layer is lower than the maximum height of the array of particles.