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    Method and apparatus for measuring degree of corrosion of metal materials
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for measuring degree of corrosion of metal materials 失效
    测量金属材料腐蚀程度的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5519330A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-21

    申请号：US126768

    申请日：1993-09-27

    申请人： Hiroshi Yamauchi ,  Masanori Sakai ,  Katsumi Mabuchi ,  Takuya Takahashi ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Shigeo Hattori

    发明人： Hiroshi Yamauchi ,  Masanori Sakai ,  Katsumi Mabuchi ,  Takuya Takahashi ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Shigeo Hattori

    IPC分类号： G01N17/02 ,  G01N27/06

    CPC分类号： B82Y15/00 ,  G01N17/02 ,  Y10S977/852

    摘要： A corrosion degree measuring method capable of field measurement for intergranular corrosion, particularly the sensitization degree, of the plant's structural materials in a narrow space. The metal electrode made of a material being measured and the counter electrode to the metal electrode are immersed in an electrolytic solution. A voltage is applied to the metal electrode in the anodic direction so as to raise the potential of the metal electrode up to the passive state potential and to keep the metal electrode at the passive state potential. The passive state potential is used as a reference potential, and a pulse-like potential signal is applied to the metal electrode in the cathodic direction. At the time of the application of the pulse potential signal, a current between the metal electrode and the counter electrode is measured, and the corrosion degree of the material being measured is determined from the intensity of the current.

    摘要翻译： 一种腐蚀度测量方法，能够在狭窄的空间内对植物的结构材料进行晶间腐蚀，特别是致敏程度的现场测量。 由被测量材料制成的金属电极和与金属电极对置的电极浸入电解液中。 在阳极方向上向金属电极施加电压，以将金属电极的电位升高到被动状态电位，并将金属电极保持在被动状态。 将被动状态电位用作参考电位，并且在阴极方向上向金属电极施加脉冲状电位信号。 在应用脉冲电位信号时，测量金属电极和对电极之间的电流，并根据电流强度确定测量材料的腐蚀程度。

    Method of evaluating corrosion resistance of metal material, method of designing alloy of high corrosion resistance, method of diagnosing corroded state of metal material, and method of operating plant
    5.
    发明授权
    Method of evaluating corrosion resistance of metal material, method of designing alloy of high corrosion resistance, method of diagnosing corroded state of metal material, and method of operating plant 失效
    金属材料耐腐蚀性评价方法，耐腐蚀性合金的设计方法，金属材料腐蚀状态的诊断方法及操作方法

    公开(公告)号：US5901071A

    公开(公告)日：1999-05-04

    申请号：US496586

    申请日：1995-06-28

    申请人： Masanori Sakai ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Yuichi Ishikawa ,  Haruo Fujimori ,  Yusuke Isobe ,  Takuya Takahashi

    发明人： Masanori Sakai ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Yuichi Ishikawa ,  Haruo Fujimori ,  Yusuke Isobe ,  Takuya Takahashi

    IPC分类号： C23F11/18 ,  C23F15/00 ,  G01N17/00 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N33/20 ,  G21D1/00 ,  G06F17/00

    CPC分类号： G01N1/04 ,  G01N17/00

    摘要： The composition of an alloy is inhomogeneous, so that the Fermi level of electrons in the surface of the alloy differs depending upon positions. It is accordingly considered that a part susceptible to corrosion and a part less susceptible thereto will coexist in the alloy. The corrosion rate of the alloy is indicated as the exponential function of a potential difference (.DELTA..PHI..sub.H) within an electric double layer. The potential difference remains unchanged as long as the Fermi level lies within the forbidden band of the electrons. However, in a range in which the Fermi level falls within the valence band of the electrons, the lowering thereof leads to the increase of the potential difference. Accordingly, a corrosion-resisting alloy is designed in accordance with the following guidelines: a) The electron energy level (Ev) of the valence band is low, b) an oxide film to be formed on the alloy is an n-type semiconductor, c) a band gap (Ec-Ev) is wide where Ec denotes the conduction band of the electrons, and d) a flatband potential (E.sub.f1) is low. Further, the operation of a plant and the evaluation of a corrosional damage can be based on such a theory.

    摘要翻译： 合金的组成是不均匀的，使得合金表面中的费米子电子水平根据位置而不同。 因此，考虑到易于腐蚀的部分和对其不太敏感的部分将在合金中共存。 合金的腐蚀速率表示为电双层内的电位差（DELTA PHI H）的指数函数。 只要费米能级位于电子的禁带内，电位差就保持不变。 然而，在费米能级落在电子的价带内的范围内，其降低导致电位差的增加。 因此，根据以下准则设计耐腐蚀合金：a）价带的电子能级（Ev）低，b）在合金上形成的氧化膜是n型半导体， c）带隙（Ec-Ev）宽，其中Ec表示电子的导带，d）扁平带电位（Ef1）低。 此外，植物的操作和腐蚀性损害的评估可以基于这样的理论。

    Method of measuring a corrosion potential, method of simulating potential characteristics of a reaction rate, and plant monitoring system adopting them
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of measuring a corrosion potential, method of simulating potential characteristics of a reaction rate, and plant monitoring system adopting them 失效
    测定腐蚀电位的方法，模拟反应速率的潜在特性的方法，以及采用它们的植物监测系统

    公开(公告)号：US5579354A

    公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

    申请号：US359362

    申请日：1994-12-20

    申请人： Masanori Sakai ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Takahashi Takuya ,  Yamauchi Hiroshi

    发明人： Masanori Sakai ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Takahashi Takuya ,  Yamauchi Hiroshi

    IPC分类号： G21C17/02 ,  G01N17/02 ,  G21C17/022 ,  G21D1/00 ,  G21D3/08 ,  G21C17/00

    CPC分类号： G21C17/022 ,  G01N17/02 ,  G21C17/0225 ,  G21Y2002/204 ,  G21Y2004/401

    摘要： A system for monitoring the operation of a plant, which includes the facility of simulating the corrosion potential of a material and which can assess the effect of a countermeasure for mitigating the corrosion environment of the material, with the corrosion potential obtained by the simulation. The corrosion potential of the structural material of the plant is computed through a numerical analysis by applying an electrochemical mixed-potential theorem on the basis of the analytical result of a charge transfer reaction. Programs for such potential computations are prestored in a computer system from which data are accepted into a host computer. The computed corrosion potential is related with water quality data (for example, the concentration of hydrogen injected into the plant), and the relationship is output to a display unit.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于监测设备运行的系统，其包括模拟材料的腐蚀潜力的设备，并且可以评估用于减轻材料的腐蚀环境的对策的效果以及通过模拟获得的腐蚀电位。 通过在电荷转移反应的分析结果的基础上应用电化学混合电位定理，通过数值分析计算出了植物结构材料的腐蚀电位。 用于这种潜在计算的程序预先存储在计算机系统中，从该计算机系统接收数据到主计算机。 计算的腐蚀电位与水质数据（例如，注入植物中的氢的浓度）相关，并且将该关系输出到显示单元。

    Ceramics-coated heat resisting alloy member
    9.
    发明授权
    Ceramics-coated heat resisting alloy member 失效
    陶瓷涂层耐热合金构件

    公开(公告)号：US5209645A

    公开(公告)日：1993-05-11

    申请号：US538759

    申请日：1990-06-15

    申请人： Yoshitaka Kojima ,  Akira Mebata ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Akihiko Chiba ,  Ryoichiro Ohoshima ,  Norio Watanabe ,  Yukiyoshi Hara

    发明人： Yoshitaka Kojima ,  Akira Mebata ,  Noriyuki Ohnaka ,  Akihiko Chiba ,  Ryoichiro Ohoshima ,  Norio Watanabe ,  Yukiyoshi Hara

    IPC分类号： C23C4/02 ,  C23C28/00

    CPC分类号： C23C4/02 ,  C23C28/00 ,  Y10T428/12542

    摘要： A gas turbine bucket and a gas turbine nozzle applied with a ceramic coating comprises a base material of the bucket and the nozzle made of a heat resisting alloy; a plurality of coating layers for the front portion consisting of, a mixture layer which comprises a ceramic material and metal and which is formed on the base material, an alloy layer which comprises an alloy material exhibiting excellent resistance to high temperature oxidation and corrosion and which is formed on the mixture layer, and a ceramic layer which comprises ceramic material and formed on the alloy layer. Such ceramic coating has a satisfactory thermal barrier effect on the base material of the gas turbine bucket and nozzle.

    摘要翻译： 应用陶瓷涂层的燃气轮机桶和燃气轮机喷嘴包括铲斗的基材和由耐热合金制成的喷嘴; 用于前部的多个涂层由包含陶瓷材料和金属的复合层组成，并且形成在基材上，合金层包括耐高温氧化和腐蚀性优异的合金材料，并且其中 形成在复合层上，并且在合金层上形成陶瓷层，该陶瓷层包含陶瓷材料。 这种陶瓷涂层对燃气涡轮机桶和喷嘴的基材具有令人满意的隔热效果。