摘要:
A new, low temperature method for directly writing conductive metal traces with micron and sub-micron sized features. In this method, a flat beam is used, such as an AFM cantilever, with or without a tip, to draw traces of metal precursor ink onto a substrate. The dimensions of the metal traces can be directly controlled by the geometry of the cantilever, so that one can controllably deposit traces from 1 micron to over 100 microns wide with microfabricated cantilevers. Cantilevers with sharp tips can be used to further shrink the minimum features sizes to sub-micron scale. The height of the features can be increased by building layers of similar or different material.
摘要:
A novel method of transporting ink to a substrate with dip-pen nanolithographic (DPN) stamp tips coated with polymer (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), etc.). This kind of tip adsorbs chemicals (“inks”) easily and is used to generate DPN nanopatterns that are imaged with the same tip after a DPN process. This method builds a bridge between micro-contact printing (μCP) and DPN, making it possible for one to easily generate smaller structures of any molecules that have been patterned by the μCP technique. The easy tip-coating and writing process enriches the state-of-the-art DPN technique. The sub-100 nm DPN resolution obtained by using this kind of novel tip is comparable to that with a conventional Si3N4 probe tip. Importantly, the unique stamp tip was able to transfer solvent (e.g., liquid “ink”) onto a substrate, resulting in fabrication of hollow nanostructures with only one DPN holding/writing step. Inks comprising metals and sol-gel materials are noted, as well as applications in photomask repair, enhancement, and fabrication.
摘要:
A method for direct-write patterning comprises providing a cantilever having a cantilever end, wherein the cantilever is a tipless cantilever; providing an ink disposed at the cantilever end; providing a substrate surface; and moving the cantilever end or moving the substrate surface so that ink is delivered from the cantilever end to the substrate surface. A method for direct writing of conductive metal or metal precursor comprises providing a tipless cantilever having a cantilever end; providing an ink disposed at the cantilever end, wherein the ink comprises one or more metals, one or more metallic nanoparticles, or one or more metal salts; providing a substrate surface; and contacting the cantilever end and the substrate surface so that ink is delivered from the cantilever end to the substrate surface.
摘要:
Photomask repair and fabrication with use of direct-write nanolithography, including use of scanning probe microscopic tips (e.g., atomic force microscope tips, etc.) for deposition of ink materials including sol-gel inks. Additive methods can be combined with subtractive methods. Holes can be filled with nanostructures. Heights of the nanostructures filling the holes can be controlled without losing control of the lateral dimensions of the nanostructures. Phase shifters on phase shifting masks (PSMs) are additively repaired with selectively deposited sol-gel material that is converted to solid oxide, which has optical transparency and index of refraction adapted for the phase shifters repaired.
摘要:
A novel method for fabricating polymer, e.g., polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS),-coated dip-pen nanolithographic (DPN) stamp tips. This kind of tip adsorbed chemicals (“inks”) easily and was used to generate DPN nanopatterns which were imaged with the same tip after DPN process. This method built a bridge between micro-contact printing (μCP) and DPN, making it possible for one to easily generate smaller structures of any molecules which have been patterned by the μCP technique. The easy tip-coating and writing process enriches the state-of-the-art DPN technique. The sub-100 nm DPN resolution obtained by using this kind of novel tip is comparable to that with a conventional Si3N4 probe tip. Importantly, the unique stamp tip was able to transfer solvent (e.g., liquid “ink”) onto a substrate, resulting in fabrication of hollow nanostructures with only one DPN holding/writing step. Inks comprising metals and sol-gel materials are noted, as well as applications in photomask repair, enhancement, and fabrication.
摘要翻译:用于制造聚合物的新方法,例如聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)涂覆的浸渍笔纳米光刻(DPN)印记贴片。 这种尖端吸附的化学物质(“油墨”)容易被用来产生DPN纳米图案,DPN纳米图案在DPN工艺后用相同的尖端成像。 该方法构建了微接触印刷(muCP)和DPN之间的桥梁,使得可以容易地生成通过muCP技术图案化的任何分子的较小结构。 简单的涂层和书写过程丰富了最先进的DPN技术。 通过使用这种新颖的尖端获得的亚100nm DPN分辨率与常规的S 3 N 4 N 4探针尖端相当。 重要的是,独特的压头能够将溶剂(例如液体“墨”)转移到基底上,从而制造具有仅一个DPN保持/书写步骤的中空纳米结构。 注意到包含金属和溶胶 - 凝胶材料的油墨,以及光掩模修复,增强和制造中的应用。
摘要:
A new, low temperature method for directly writing conductive metal traces with micron and sub-micron sized features. In this method, a flat beam is used, such as an AFM cantilever, with or without a tip, to draw traces of metal precursor ink onto a substrate. The dimensions of the metal traces can be directly controlled by the geometry of the cantilever, so that one can controllably deposit traces from 1 micron to over 100 microns wide with microfabricated cantilevers. Cantilevers with sharp tips can be used to further shrink the minimum features sizes to sub-micron scale. The height of the features can be increased by building layers of similar or different material. To obtain highly conductive and robust patterns with this deposition method, two general ink formulation strategies were designed. The key component of both ink systems is nanoparticles with diameters less than 100 nm. Because nanoparticles typically have significantly lower melting points than the bulk material, one can fuse, sinter, or coalesce collections of discrete particles into continuous (poly)crystalline films at very low temperatures (less than about 300° C., and as low as about 120° C.). In the first strategy, one can disperse hydrocarbon-capped nanoparticles in a suitable solvent, deposit them on a surface in the form of a pattern, and then anneal the film by heating to form continuous metallic patterns. In the second strategy, one can deliver metal compounds to the surface in the presence of a reducing matrix and then form nanoparticles in situ by heating that subsequently coalesce to form continuous metallic patterns. In studies with platinum and gold inks, both nanoparticle-based methods yield micron sized traces on glass and oxidized silicon that have low resistivity (4 microohm·cm), and excellent adhesion properties.
摘要:
To improve anticounterfeiting protection, a method for imprinting pharmaceutical unit compositions comprising: providing a pharmaceutical unit composition, partially coating the exterior of the composition with a coating, stamping the coating with a stamp comprising a plurality of identification features, wherein identification features from the stamp are at least partially transposed in the coating and form a barcode, wherein the plurality of identification features comprise at least one lateral dimension of about 1,000 nm or less. Other objects can be coated and stamped including currency and luxury goods.
摘要:
Additive repair of advanced photomasks with low temperature or optical curing via direct write lithographic printing with sharp tips and cantilevers. The optical properties of the materials formed from the ink can be tuned (e.g., n and k values). Sol gel inks, including silsesquioxane inks, can be used to form MoSi compositions. The repaired photomasks are resistant to washing under normal photomask washing conditions. AFM instrumentation can be used to perform the additive repair to provide the high resolution and registration.
摘要:
A device used as an instrument for microfabrication and/or nanofabrication featuring exchangeable module heads and multi-axis positioning of components. For example, a single module head can be adapted for carrying out photolithography, microcontact printing, and/or nanoimprint lithography. Another module head can be adapted to carry out different methods. The versatile device is used for training and is compact and relatively inexpensive. A working example for microcontact printing is provided.
摘要:
Small scale and nanoscopic identification features can be fabricated for pharmaceutical capsules. A composition comprising a capsule component, wherein the capsule component comprises a gelled pharmaceutical capsule material and at least one surface, wherein the at least one surface comprises at least one integral feature with a lateral dimension smaller than about 100 microns, or less than one micron. Methods of making the same are described by gelation with heating or cooling. The compositions and methods can be used for anti-counterfeiting.