摘要:
A polishing apparatus for polishing a substrate includes a polishing table holding a polishing pad, a top ring configured to press the substrate against the polishing pad, and first and second optical heads each configured to apply the light to the substrate and to receive reflected light from the substrate. The polishing apparatus also includes spectroscopes each configured to measure at each wavelength an intensity of the reflected light received, and a processor configured to produce a spectrum indicating a relationship between intensity and wavelength of the reflected light. The first optical head is arranged so as to face a center of the substrate, and the second optical head is arranged so as to face a peripheral portion of the substrate.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus for polishing a substrate is provided. The polishing apparatus includes: a polishing table holding a polishing pad; a top ring configured to press the substrate against the polishing pad; first and second optical heads each configured to apply the light to the substrate and to receive reflected light from the substrate; spectroscopes each configured to measure at each wavelength an intensity of the reflected light received; and a processor configured to produce a spectrum indicating a relationship between intensity and wavelength of the reflected light. The first optical head is arranged so as to face a center of the substrate, and the second optical head is arranged so as to face a peripheral portion of the substrate.
摘要:
A green light emitting phosphor comprising tetravalent elements added to a green light emitting phosphor, Y.sub.3 (Al,Ga).sub.5 O.sub.12 :Tb, wherein the green light emitting phosphor can prevent a so-called electron beam burning even when excited by electron beams of high energy. The green light emitting phosphor is, particularly suitable to be applied to a projector tube or a high-brightness phosphor display tube.
摘要:
A lever fixed to a metal cap or speed cup of a speedometer is vibratably engageable with projections provided on a rotating ring member when a speed pointer rotatable with the metal cap deflects beyond a predetermined maximum index, so that the speed pointer is vibrated to give a warning to the vehicle driver.
摘要:
An apparatus for polishing a substrate includes a rotatable polishing table supporting a polishing pad, a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate and press the substrate against a polishing surface of the polishing pad on the rotating polishing table so as to polish the substrate, and a pad-temperature detector configured to measure a temperature of the polishing surface of the polishing pad. The apparatus also includes a pad-temperature regulator configured to contact the polishing surface to regulate the temperature of the polishing surface, and a temperature controller configured to control the temperature of the polishing surface by controlling the pad-temperature regulator based on information on the temperature of the polishing surface detected by the pad-temperature detector.
摘要:
A polishing method for reducing an amount of polishing liquid used without lowering a polishing rate is provided. The polishing method comprises determining, in advance, the relationship between a supply flow rate of a polishing liquid and a polishing rate at the time the substrate is polished without controlling a surface temperature of the polishing pad, and the relationship between a supply flow rate of a polishing liquid and a polishing rate at the time the substrate is polished while controlling a surface temperature of the polishing pad at a predetermined level, and continuously supplying the polishing liquid to the surface of the polishing pad to achieve a higher polishing rate when the substrate is polished while controlling the surface temperature of the polishing pad at the predetermined level, than when the substrate is polished without controlling the surface temperature of the polishing pad.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to prevent the dhesion of particles such as fine iron powders onto a glass substrate upon the production of a glass substrate for an information recording medium. To attain the above object, any one of the following means is adopted: (1) at least one of the production, inspection, packing and filling steps of the glass substrate for an information recording medium is carried out under a clean atmosphere which does not permit the adhesion of particles; (2) at least a wall surface of a chemical reinforcement tank containing a chemical reinforcement liquid therein and/or said retaining means which is contact with the chemical reinforcement liquid is formed of a stainless alloy having corrosion resistance in a high-temperature region as high as the heating temperature of the chemical reinforcement liquid; (3) a means for trapping fine particles existing in the chemical reinforcement liquid used in the chemical reinforcement step is provided; and (4) the glass substrate is washed with hydrochloric acid.
摘要:
A polishing method for reducing an amount of polishing liquid used without lowering a polishing rate is provided. The polishing method comprises determining, in advance, the relationship between a supply flow rate of a polishing liquid and a polishing rate at the time the substrate is polished without controlling a surface temperature of the polishing pad, and the relationship between a supply flow rate of a polishing liquid and a polishing rate at the time the substrate is polished while controlling a surface temperature of the polishing pad at a predetermined level, and continuously supplying the polishing liquid to the surface of the polishing pad to achieve a higher polishing rate when the substrate is polished while controlling the surface temperature of the polishing pad at the predetermined level, than when the substrate is polished without controlling the surface temperature of the polishing pad.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus can detect completion of initialization of a polishing pad quantitatively. The polishing apparatus has a polishing table having a polishing pad attached thereto and a substrate holder configured to bring a surface of a substrate into contact with the polishing pad and press the substrate against the polishing pad. The polishing apparatus also has a drive mechanism operable to drive at least one of the polishing table and the substrate holder so as to provide a relative movement between the polishing pad and the substrate. The polishing apparatus includes a current sensor operable to detect a drive current supplied to the driving mechanism. The polishing apparatus also includes a polishing pad condition detector operable to detect a condition of the polishing pad based on the drive current detected by the current sensor when the dummy substrate is polished by a relative movement between the polishing pad and a dummy substrate held by the substrate holder.
摘要:
In a glass substrate for use in a magnetic recording medium, a surface roughness of at least a principal surface of the glass substrate is measured by the use of the interatomic force microscope (AFM), Ra falls within the range between 0.2 and 2.5 nm, Rmax falls within the range between 3 and 25 nm, and Rmax/Ra falls within the range between 3 and 35.