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公开(公告)号：US4885743A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US157545
申请日：1988-02-18
IPC分类号： H04L12/413
CPC分类号： H04L12/413
摘要： Through the method and apparatus of the present invention the collision of two packets can be detected under a variety of conditions. The preamble of each packet transmitted is modified to include collision detection data comprising an initial pulse having an amplitude sufficiently high to be detected even when attenuated and having a pulse width twice the normal data pulse width followed by a randomly generated code of a predetermined length in which a predetermined number of pulses of the code are at a high binary data signal level. Thus, in the event two packets collide, the collision may be detected by detecting a second large pulse within a time period less than the sum of the packet duration and the gap, by determining if a large initial pulse has a pulse width larger than the generated pulse width, by determining if a subsequent large pulse occurs within the remainder of the packet and by determining if more than the predetermined number of pulses of the code have a high binary data level.
摘要翻译： 通过本发明的方法和装置，可以在各种条件下检测两个分组的冲突。 修改发送的每个分组的前同步码以包括冲突检测数据，该冲突检测数据包括具有足够高的振幅的初始脉冲，即使在衰减时也被检测，并且具有正常数据脉冲宽度的两倍的脉冲宽度，随后是预定长度的随机生成的代码 其中代码的预定数量的脉冲处于高二进制数据信号电平。 因此，在两个分组发生碰撞的情况下，可以通过在小于分组持续时间和间隙的和的时间段内检测第二大脉冲来检测冲突，通过确定大的初始脉冲是否具有大于 通过确定在分组的剩余部分内是否发生随后的大脉冲以及通过确定多于预定数量的代码的脉冲具有高的二进制数据电平来产生脉冲宽度。
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公开(公告)号：US4500165A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-19
申请号：US364649
申请日：1982-04-02
CPC分类号： G02B6/4239 , G02B6/4225
摘要： The alignment of optical fibers is improved by mounting the optical fiber on a mounting block that has a sloping surface relative to an underlying support that bears both the fiber and a light source or photodetector. As a result, the alignment of the fiber and the light source or photodetector may be maintained in the vertical direction by the correct position of the fiber on the sloping surface of the mounting block. The alignment of the fiber in the horizontal direction is determined by the position of the mounting block on the support. Such an arrangement permits the weight of the fiber to be supported by the block while an appropriate cement is being cured to hold the fiber and block in place. Advantageously the mounting block is transparent to ultraviolet (UV) light and UV curable cements are used to secure the fiber to the mounting block and the block to the support. As a result, when the fiber is aligned both vertically and horizontally, it can be cemented into position quickly by applying cement to secure the fiber to the block and the block to its support and curing all the cement simultaneously by passing UV light through the transparent block.
摘要翻译： 通过将光纤安装在具有相对于同时承载光纤和光源或光电检测器的下面的支撑件的倾斜表面的安装块上来改善光纤的对准。 结果，可以通过在安装块的倾斜表面上的光纤的正确位置在垂直方向上保持光纤和光源或光电检测器的对准。 纤维在水平方向的对准由安装块在支撑件上的位置决定。 这种布置允许纤维的重量由块支撑，同时适当的水泥被固化以保持纤维并阻塞在适当的位置。 有利地，安装块对于紫外（UV）光是透明的，并且UV可固化水泥用于将光纤固定到安装块，并且将块固定到支撑件。 结果，当纤维垂直和水平地对齐时，可以通过施加水泥将纤维粘合到位上，将纤维固定到块体上，并将块固定到其支撑物上并同时通过使紫外光通过透明物质固化所有水泥 块。
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公开(公告)号：US4561091A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US534987
申请日：1983-09-23
CPC分类号： H04L12/44
摘要： A data communication receiver that provides very low pulse distortion at excellent sensitivity over a wide range of optical signal levels and simplified circuitry for the detection of data collisions. The receiver comprises an amplifier having a series of stages, all but one of which is directly coupled to the preceding stage and one of which is capacitively coupled by a capacitor that also functions as part of an RC differentiator. The output of the amplifier is a series of peak signals that are applied to a Schmitt trigger, the output of which is applied to a collision detection circuit. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the collision detection circuit comprises a timing circuit for producing an output signal for a period of time equal to the longest interval during which a received data signal can have a first polarity and means for comparing the timing output signal with the received data signal and for producing a collision detection signal when the received data signal fails to change within the duration of the output signal from the timing means. To ensure that the Schmitt trigger produces an initial output representative of the absence of a signal in the communication medium, the amplifier is biased so that the initial output of the Schmitt trigger is low.
摘要翻译： 一种数据通信接收器，可在宽范围的光信号电平下提供非常低的脉冲失真，并具有极佳的灵敏度，并可以用于检测数据冲突的简化电路。 接收机包括具有一系列级的放大器，除了其中一个直接耦合到前级，其中之一由电容器电容耦合，该电容器也用作RC微分器的一部分。 放大器的输出是施加到施密特触发器的一系列峰值信号，其输出被施加到碰撞检测电路。 在本发明的一个优选实施例中，碰撞检测电路包括一个定时电路，用于产生一个等于接收数据信号可以具有第一极性的最长间隔的时间段的输出信号，以及用于比较定时输出信号 并且当接收的数据信号在来自定时装置的输出信号的持续时间内不能改变时产生冲突检测信号。 为了确保施密特触发器产生表示通信介质中不存在信号的初始输出，放大器被偏置，使得施密特触发器的初始输出为低。
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公开(公告)号：US4766470A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-23
申请号：US125812
申请日：1987-11-24
CPC分类号： H01L33/30 , H01L33/0025 , H01L33/105
摘要： A high efficiency edge-emitting LED is disclosed in which optical radiation produced in an active layer of the device leaves the device without being substantially absorbed by the material comprising the active layer. The device is constructed so that an optical waveguide is formed such that light produced in the active layer either leaves the device without any reflections or with a maximum of one reflection. The thickness of the active layer and the compositions of the active layer and confining layers are chosen so that electrical carriers are confined in the active layer while light produced in the active layer is not confined therein.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种高效率边缘发光LED，其中在器件的有源层中产生的光辐射离开器件而不被包含有源层的材料基本上吸收。 该器件被构造成使得形成光波导，使得在有源层中产生的光离开该器件而没有任何反射或最多一次反射。 选择有源层的厚度和有源层和限制层的组成，使得电活性层被限制在活性层中，而活性层中产生的光不被限制在其中。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for recovering data and clock information from a self-clocking data stream 失效用于从自定时数据流恢复数据和时钟信息的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4578799A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-25
申请号：US539128
申请日：1983-10-05
CPC分类号： H04L25/4904 , G11B20/1419 , H04L7/0276 , H04L7/033
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for recovering data and clock information from high speed self-clocking data streams at rates of up to approximately 50 Mbps. The self-clocking data stream has a predetermined bit period and two voltage levels with negative-going and positive-going voltage level transitions. A pulse is generated for each voltage level transition in the coded stream. This pulse is applied to a non-retriggerable one-shot that produces an output pulse that is approximately the duration of one-half of a bit period. After the output pulse of the one-shot terminates, the one-shot is non-retriggerable for a period of time less than the duration of one-half of a bit period. The output pulse from the one-shot provides clock information derived from the coded bit stream. This clock information is provided to the clock input of a bistable storage device and the coded bit stream is applied to a data input to the storage device. In response to the clock input, the bistable storage device decodes the coded bit stream to provide decoded data information at an output.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于以高达约50Mbps的速率从高速自拍时钟数据流恢复数据和时钟信息的方法和装置。 自定时数据流具有预定的位周期和具有负向和正向电压电平转换的两个电压电平。 为编码流中的每个电压电平转换产生一个脉冲。 该脉冲被施加到不可重新触发的单次触发，其产生大约为一个位周期的二分之一持续时间的输出脉冲。 在单触发输出脉冲终止之后，单触发不能重新触发一段时间，时间小于持续时间的一半时间段。 来自单触发器的输出脉冲提供从编码比特流导出的时钟信息。 该时钟信息被提供给双稳态存储设备的时钟输入，并且编码比特流被应用于输入到存储设备的数据。 响应于时钟输入，双稳态存储装置解码编码比特流以在输出端提供解码的数据信息。
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公开(公告)号：US4347655A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-07
申请号：US147047
申请日：1980-05-05
IPC分类号： H01L31/0203 , H01L33/62 , H01L33/64 , H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01L33/62 , H01L31/0203 , H01L33/642 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/12041 , H01L33/647
摘要： A new package for semiconductor optoelectronic devices is disclosed, which comprises a novel geometrical configuration and provides plug-in capability. The package configuration provides a convenient means for supplying electrical signals to or from the device(s) within the package while maintaining a coaxial geometry, useful in optical and thermal control. Techniques for bonding devices into the package are easily automated using conventional bonding and assembly equipment. The package permits use of the device in a variety of orientations.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于半导体光电器件的新封装，其包括新颖的几何构造并提供插件能力。 封装结构提供了一种方便的装置，用于向保持封装内的器件提供电信号或者从该器件提供电信号，同时保持用于光学和热控制的同轴几何形状。 使用传统的接合和组装设备，可以容易地自动化将装置粘合到包装中的技术。 该包装允许以各种方向使用该装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4240098A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US946592
申请日：1978-09-28
CPC分类号： H01L33/62 , H01L24/45 , H01L31/0203 , H01L33/642 , H01L33/647 , H01L2224/45 , H01L2224/45015 , H01L2224/45144 , H01L2224/48227 , H01L2924/00011 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/01015 , H01L2924/01047 , H01L2924/12036 , H01L2924/12041 , H01L2924/12042
摘要： A new package for semiconductor optoelectronic devices is disclosed, which comprises a novel geometrical configuration and provides plug-in capability. The package configuration provides a convenient means for supplying electrical signals to or from the device(s) within the package while maintaining a coaxial geometry, useful in optical and thermal control. Techniques for bonding devices into the package are easily automated using conventional bonding and assembly equipment. The package permits use of the device in a variety of orientations.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于半导体光电器件的新封装，其包括新颖的几何构造并提供插件能力。 封装结构提供了一种方便的装置，用于向保持封装内的器件提供电信号或者从该器件提供电信号，同时保持用于光学和热控制的同轴几何形状。 使用传统的接合和组装设备，可以容易地自动化将装置粘合到包装中的技术。 该包装允许以各种方向使用该装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4590501A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US532731
申请日：1983-09-15
申请人： Frederick W. Scholl
发明人： Frederick W. Scholl
CPC分类号： H01L33/30 , H01L33/0008 , H01L33/10 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/2004
摘要： An edge-emitting LED in which light produced in the active layer optically tunnels out of the active layer through a thin confining layer into a single guide layer which is composed of a material which does not absorb light energy. The guide and active layers are constructed so that they are surrounded by layers of lower index of refraction so that an optical wave guide is formed. To minimize light losses by absorption, the non-absorbing guide layer is preferably much thicker than the active and confining layers so that light produced in the active layer travels primarily in the non-absorbing guide layer before it leaves the device at the exit facet of the LED.
摘要翻译： 其中在有源层中产生的光通过薄的限制层从有源层中光隧道移动到由不吸收光能的材料组成的单个引导层中的边缘发射LED。 引导层和有源层被构造成使得它们被较低折射率的层包围，从而形成光波导。 为了最小化吸收光的损失，非吸收引导层优选比有源和限制层厚得多，使得在有源层中产生的光主要在非吸收引导层中离开器件之前在 LED。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for detecting the collision of data packets utilizing a preassigned transceiver code in the preamble 失效用于使用前导码中的预先分配的收发器码来检测数据分组的冲突的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4888763A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-19
申请号：US167074
申请日：1988-03-11
IPC分类号： H04L7/06 , H04L12/413
CPC分类号： H04L12/413 , H04L7/06
摘要： Through the method and apparatus of the present invention the collision of two packets can be detected with a high degree of accuracy under a variety of conditions. The preamble of each packet transmitted is modified to include collision detection data comprising an initial pulse having an amplitude sufficiently high to be detected even when attenuated and having a pulse width twice the normal data pulse width followed by a transceiver code of a predetermined length unique to each transceiver. Thus, in the event two packets collide, the collision may be detected by recognizing a second large pulse within a time period less than the sum of the packet duration and the gap between packets, by determining if a large initial pulse has a pulse width larger than the generated pulse width, and by determining if the transceiver code echoed back to the transmitting transceiver is equal to transceiver code stored in memory on the transceiver. If a transceiver detects a collision, a large collision detect pulse having an amplitude and pulse width similar to the amplitude and pulse width of the large initial pulse is transmitted within the time period less than the sum of the packet duration and interpacket gap, thus assuring that the collision is detected by all transceivers.
摘要翻译： 通过本发明的方法和装置，可以在各种条件下以高精度检测两个分组的冲突。 修改发送的每个分组的前导码，以包括冲突检测数据，其包括具有足够高的振幅的初始脉冲，即使在衰减时也被检测，并且具有两倍于正常数据脉冲宽度的脉冲宽度，后面是具有预定长度的收发器代码， 每个收发器。 因此，在两个分组发生碰撞的情况下，通过确定大的初始脉冲是否具有较大的脉冲宽度，可以通过在小于分组持续时间和分组之间的间隙的总和的时间段内识别第二大脉冲来检测冲突 并且通过确定回送到发射收发器的收发器代码是否等于收发器中存储在存储器中的收发器代码。 如果收发器检测到碰撞，则在小于包持续时间和分组间隙的总和的时间段内传输具有类似于大初始脉冲的幅度和脉冲宽度的幅度和脉冲宽度的大型冲突检测脉冲，从而确保 所有收发器检测到碰撞。
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公开(公告)号：US4560984A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US580432
申请日：1984-02-15
申请人： Frederick W. Scholl
发明人： Frederick W. Scholl
IPC分类号： G01D7/00 , H04B10/14 , H04B10/152 , H04L12/40 , H04L12/413 , G06F
CPC分类号： H04L12/4135 , H04L12/413
摘要： Method and apparatus for detecting when a collision occurs between two or more binary data signal packets at a single binary data signal receiver. Whenever a packet is transmitted, a large signal impulse is substituted for the initial bit of the packet. The amplitude of the impulse is such that it is significantly greater than the highest binary signal level transmitted. The receiver recognizes the impulse not as a data bit but as an indication of the beginning of a packet. Every packet has a known duration (or packet period) and is separated from the next packet by at least a known gap period. If two impulses are received within a period less than or equal to the sum of the packet and gap periods, a collision has occurred and a packet collision signal is generated.
摘要翻译： 用于检测在单个二进制数据信号接收器处的两个或多个二进制数据信号分组之间发生冲突的方法和装置。 无论何时发送数据包，都会使用较大的信号脉冲代替数据包的初始位。 脉冲的幅度使得它明显大于传输的最高二进制信号电平。 接收机将该脉冲识别为数据位，而作为数据包开始的指示。 每个分组具有已知的持续时间（或分组周期），并且与下一个分组至少已知的间隔周期分离。 如果在小于或等于分组和间隔周期的总和的时间内接收到两个脉冲，则发生冲突并产生分组冲突信号。
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