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    Near infrared diagnostic method and instrument
    1.
    发明授权
    Near infrared diagnostic method and instrument 失效
    近红外诊断方法和仪器

    公开(公告)号：US5197470A

    公开(公告)日：1993-03-30

    申请号：US568452

    申请日：1990-07-16

    申请人： Jeffrey L. Helfer ,  Steven C. Switalski ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    发明人： Jeffrey L. Helfer ,  Steven C. Switalski ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B10/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B18/24 ,  A61N5/06

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0086 ,  A61B18/245 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B2017/00061

    摘要： There are disclosed an instrument and method for using near IR to discriminate between healthy and diseased tissue, using, e.g., a catheter and a spectrophotometer. Near IR is passed at certain wavelengths to suspected tissue, and reflected light is analyzed to determine the absorbance, and preferably the second derivative thereof. From identification of the absorption spectra of known diseased and known healthy tissue, a relation has been established to determine the following correlation equation for determining the predictive value of y:y=Co+C.sub.1 A(.lambda..sub.1)+C.sub.2 A(.lambda..sub.2)wherein A(.lambda..sub.1)+A(.lambda..sub.2) are the second derivatives for the absorbance at the two selected wavelengths. For blood cholesterol esters and plaque, .lambda..sub.1 is preferably 1714.5 and .lambda..sub.2 is preferably 1678.5 nm. Solving for the coefficients Co, C.sub.1 and C.sub.2, it has been shown that values of y less than -8.0 represent diseased tissue, which should be treated. Ablation laser treatment is described as one mode of treatment.

    Postacquired spectrophotometers
    2.
    发明授权
    Postacquired spectrophotometers 失效
    后检测分光光度计

    公开(公告)号：US5386295A

    公开(公告)日：1995-01-31

    申请号：US005321

    申请日：1993-01-15

    申请人： Steven C. Switalski ,  David S. Uerz ,  Alan J. Lowne ,  James R. Sandifer ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    发明人： Steven C. Switalski ,  David S. Uerz ,  Alan J. Lowne ,  James R. Sandifer ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    IPC分类号： G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/65

    CPC分类号： G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N2021/3133 ,  G01N2021/3159 ,  G01N2021/3174 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/1283

    摘要： A postacquired spectrophotometer, for use with a sample and reference. The spectrophotometer has a filter unit, defining an axis of movement, and pluralities of designated sites and dark sites disposed in uniform relation to the axis. The designated and dark sites are disposed in alternation. Alternating designated sites have apertures and filters covering the apertures. Further, a main member, coaxial with the filter unit, has sample and reference beam paths, which are intersected by the sites. The main member has disposed, in operative relation to the actuators, an actuator sensor, which generates an integration actuator signal upon alignment with each integration actuator and a clamping actuator signal upon alignment with each clamping actuator. Moreover, a drive continuously moves the filter unit relative to the axis and beam paths. Further, a light distribution system directs light separately from the sample and reference to respective beam paths, and then to a detector, which produces a detector signal responsive to light received. Finally, means for processing the signals is provided, including a clamping circuit, integrators, and a demultiplexer.

    摘要翻译： 一个采用分光光度计的分光光度计，用于样品和参考。 分光光度计具有限定运动轴线的过滤器单元以及与轴线均匀关系地设置的多个指定位置和暗点。 指定的和黑暗的地点交替处置。 交替指定的位置具有覆盖孔的孔和过滤器。 此外，与过滤器单元同轴的主构件具有与位置相交的样品和参考光束路径。 主构件以致动器的方式相对于致动器设置致动器传感器，其在与每个积分致动器对准时产生积分致动器信号，并且在与每个夹紧致动器对准时产生夹紧致动器信号。 此外，驱动器相对于轴和梁路连续地移动过滤单元。 此外，配光系统将光从样品分开引导并参考各个光束路径，然后引导到检测器，该检测器响应于所接收的光产生检测器信号。 最后，提供用于处理信号的装置，包括钳位电路，积分器和解复用器。

    Planar waveguide liquid crystal variable retarder
    5.
    发明授权
    Planar waveguide liquid crystal variable retarder 失效
    平面波导液晶可变延迟器

    公开(公告)号：US5347377A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-13

    申请号：US899961

    申请日：1992-06-17

    申请人： Joseph F. Revelli, Jr. ,  Eric T. Prince ,  Steven C. Switalski ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    发明人： Joseph F. Revelli, Jr. ,  Eric T. Prince ,  Steven C. Switalski ,  Hsue-Yang Liu

    IPC分类号： G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/137

    CPC分类号： G02F1/1326 ,  G02F1/21

    摘要： A waveguide optical device having a guide member for propagation of light in a longitudinal direction. The guide member has upper and lower boundaries. A mass of birefringent material is disposed proximal to the guide member. The birefringent material has molecular dipoles subject to alignment by an imposed electrical field. The birefringent mass is overlapped by the optical field of the propagated light. An upper electrode is disposed in spaced relation to the birefringent mass. A lower electrode is disposed in spaced relation to the guide member. The electrodes have the capability of imposing an alternating current voltage across the birefringent mass to rotate the molecular dipoles of the birefringent mass in a plane defined by the normal to the guide member and the propagation vector of the light. The boundaries and the electrodes define an upper isolation zone between the upper electrode and the upper boundary, a guide path between the boundaries, and a lower isolation zone between the lower boundary and the lower electrode. The guide path has an effective index of refraction greater than the effective indexes of refraction of the isolation zones.

    摘要翻译： 一种具有用于在纵向上传播光的引导构件的波导光学装置。 引导构件具有上边界和下边界。 大量的双折射材料设置在引导构件的近侧。 双折射材料具有通过施加的电场进行对准的分子偶极子。 双折射质量与传播光的光场重叠。 上电极以与双折射物质隔开的关系设置。 下电极与引导构件隔开设置。 这些电极具有跨越双折射物质的交流电压的能力，以便在由引导部件的法线和光的传播矢量限定的平面内旋转双折射物质的分子偶极子。 边界和电极限定了上电极和上边界之间的上隔离区，边界之间的引导路径和下边界与下电极之间的下隔离区。 引导路径的有效折射率大于隔离带的有效折射率。

    Organic materials for an evaporation source
    6.
    发明授权
    Organic materials for an evaporation source 有权
    蒸发源的有机材料

    公开(公告)号：US07252859B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-08-07

    申请号：US10994070

    申请日：2004-11-19

    申请人： Kam C. Ng ,  Syamal K. Ghosh ,  Steven C. Switalski

    发明人： Kam C. Ng ,  Syamal K. Ghosh ,  Steven C. Switalski

    IPC分类号： C23C16/00

    CPC分类号： H01L51/001 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/26 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/56

    摘要： A method of using a compacted pellet having uniform blended mixture with at least first and second different organic components that sublime at temperatures T1 and T2 respectively, wherein T1 represents the temperature of the first organic material with the lowest sublimation temperature and T2 represents the temperature of the second organic material with the highest sublimation temperature, to form an organic layer having a uniform blended mixture of the organic components, includes providing a compacted pellet, having a top and bottom surface, into a boat having an open top surface wherein the compacted pellet conforms to the interior of the boat; and applying heat to the top of the compacted pellet to cause the deposition of a uniform blended mixture of the organic components to form an organic layer.

    摘要翻译： 一种使用具有与至少第一和第二不同有机成分均匀混合混合物的压实颗粒的方法，所述至少第一和第二不同的有机组分分别在温度T 1和T 2下升华，其中T < 1 表示具有最低升华温度的第一有机材料的温度，T 2表示具有最高升华温度的第二有机材料的温度，以形成具有均匀的有机层 有机组分的混合混合物包括将具有顶表面和底表面的压实颗粒提供到具有开口顶表面的船中，其中压实颗粒符合船的内部; 并且将热量施加到压实颗粒的顶部以使得有机组分的均匀混合混合物沉积形成有机层。

    On-line method for detecting particle size during a milling process
    7.
    发明授权
    On-line method for detecting particle size during a milling process 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06600559B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-29

    申请号：US09815204

    申请日：2001-03-22

    申请人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Donald J. Majka

    发明人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Donald J. Majka

    IPC分类号： G01N1502

    CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 ,  G01N2015/0096

    摘要： An on-line method for detecting particle size of a liquid during a process in which there is not a correlation between low absorbance with small particle size, the method comprises the steps of measuring a plurality of reference particle sizes each associated with a particular near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum for creating a reference infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum having high absorbance with small particle size; measuring on-line a near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum of the liquid during the process; and determining the particle size of the on-line liquid based on correlating the on-line-measured particle size with the reference near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum.

    Method for quantitative NIR spectroscopic analysis
    8.
    发明授权
    Method for quantitative NIR spectroscopic analysis 失效
    定量近红外光谱分析方法

    公开(公告)号：US5536664A

    公开(公告)日：1996-07-16

    申请号：US437734

    申请日：1995-05-09

    申请人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Thomas R. Kissel

    发明人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Thomas R. Kissel

    IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  B01L3/00 ,  B01L9/00 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N33/52 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/10 ,  G01N21/62

    CPC分类号： B01L3/508 ,  G01N21/8483 ,  G01N33/525 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/1002 ,  G01N21/359

    摘要： There is disclosed a slide test element and method of assay that allows for detection of analytes in biological liquids without the use of any detection reagents. The method uses NIR spectroscopy and a test element comprising a support, and a substantially constant light-path defining layer comprising a diffusely-reflecting material that is a) sufficiently porous in all directions as to allow a liquid to spread uniformly in all directions, and b) homogeneously reflects at least 95% of NIR radiation.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种载玻片测试元件和测定方法，其允许在不使用任何检测试剂的情况下检测生物液体中的分析物。 该方法使用NIR光谱学和包括支持体的测试元件和包含漫反射材料的基本上恒定的光路限定层，该漫射反射材料是a）在所有方向上具有足够的多孔性，以允许液体在所有方向上均匀地扩散，以及 b）均匀反射至少95％的NIR辐射。

    Test element for quantitative NIR spectroscopic analysis
    9.
    发明授权
    Test element for quantitative NIR spectroscopic analysis 失效
    用于定量近红外光谱分析的测试元件

    公开(公告)号：US5523054A

    公开(公告)日：1996-06-04

    申请号：US381629

    申请日：1995-01-31

    申请人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Thomas R. Kissel

    发明人： Steven C. Switalski ,  Thomas R. Kissel

    IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  B01L3/00 ,  B01L9/00 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N33/52 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/10 ,  G01N21/03

    CPC分类号： B01L3/508 ,  G01N21/8483 ,  G01N33/525 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/1002 ,  G01N21/359

    摘要： There is disclosed a slide test element and method of assay that allows for detection of analytes in biological liquids without the use of any detection reagents. The method uses NIR spectroscopy and a test element comprising a support, and a substantially constant light-path defining layer comprising a diffusely-reflecting material that is a) sufficiently porous in all directions as to allow a liquid to spread uniformly in all directions, and b) homogeneously reflects at least 95% of NIR radiation.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种载玻片测试元件和测定方法，其允许在不使用任何检测试剂的情况下检测生物液体中的分析物。 该方法使用NIR光谱学和包括支持体的测试元件和包含漫反射材料的基本上恒定的光路限定层，该漫射反射材料是a）在所有方向上具有足够的多孔性，以允许液体在所有方向上均匀地扩散，以及 b）均匀反射至少95％的NIR辐射。