摘要:
A demultiplexer/multiplexer is disclosed wherein an arrayed waveguide grating having a reflector at an end includes selectable signal path blockers. The arrayed waveguide device has a common input/output port for launching radiation in the form of an input signal having n wavelengths therein and for receiving back via the reflector at the input/output port a selected channel of the input signal. In operation a multiplexed signal have n channels is launched therein and a selected channel is output for analysis or further processing.
摘要:
The invention relates to an asymmetric Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) having a reduced drive voltage, coupled to a compact low-loss arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) to provide a broader passband with low ripple. The integrated device has a compact stackable design for improved manufacturing yield. Inputs and outputs of the device are disposed in alignment on opposite sides of a silicon chip with the MZI having an opposite curvature to the AWG. To achieve this alignment, waveguide arms of the MZI are crossed without coupling between them before the optical signal is combined and coupled into the AWG.
摘要:
A polarization compensated planar waveguide branch is disclosed having a planar optical trunk waveguide for transporting a linearly un-polarized optical signal having TE and TM modes. A planar optical branch waveguide, capable of supporting TE and TM modes is optically coupled to the trunk waveguide such that at least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the trunk waveguide will couple into the branch waveguide with an undesired imbalance, having stronger TM mode coupling than TE mode coupling for the at least the portion of the optical signal which couples into the branch waveguide from the trunk waveguide. A portion of said branch waveguide downstream from a region where coupling takes place between the trunk and branch waveguides or a waveguide portion optically coupled thereto, receives the at least a portion of the optical signal, and has at least a predetermined bend with a predetermined radius for compensating for the unwanted imbalance in the TM and TE mode caused by light optically coupling into the branch from the trunk waveguide.
摘要:
A planar lightwave circuit generalized for handling any given band of multiple bands of a wavelength range, including a first grating element handling a first group of bands; and a second grating element handling a second group of bands. The first and second groups of bands overlap in the wavelength range, and may be spaced apart by a fixed wavelength value. By providing two periodic grating elements handling alternating bands, their free spectral range is allowed to expand, improving their roll-off characteristics. By providing separate inputs for each band, wavelength accuracy can be improved. Device flexibility can be further improved by using switch and interleaver fabrics at the inputs and outputs. The resultant device, generalized to handle any given band within a wavelength range, eliminates the need for separate component design and inventory tracking otherwise necessary.
摘要:
A planar lightwave circuit includes at least one optical waveguide core, and at least one feature proximate the core having a stress-engineered property to balance stress and therefore minimize birefringence affecting the core. A protective passivation layer is formed over the core and the feature to be substantially non-interfering with the balanced stress provided by the feature. The stress balancing feature may be an overcladding layer formed over the core, doped to have a coefficient of thermal expansion approximately matched to that of an underlying substrate, to symmetrically distribute stress in an undercladding between the overcladding and the substrate, away from the core. The protective passivation layer is formed to have a coefficient of thermal expansion approximately matched to that of the overcladding. In one exemplary embodiment, the passivation layer is formed from silicon nitride. Related concepts of stress release grooves, and core overetching, are also disclosed.
摘要:
A planar lightwave circuit includes an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), with input and output waveguides, partially curved array waveguides with respective length differences, and planar waveguide regions for focusing optical energy between the input/output and array waveguides. Optimal waveguide widths and spacing along the planar waveguide region facets are disclosed, which are largely determinative of AWG size and optical performance. Also disclosed are optimal cross-sectional waveguide dimensions (e.g., width and height); modified index of refraction difference between the waveguide core and cladding regions; and optimal array waveguide lengths, path length differences, and free spectral range. These features, especially when combined with advanced fiber attachment, passivation and packaging techniques, result in high-yield, high-performance AWGs (both gaussian and flattop versions).
摘要:
A method is provided for manufacturing a semiconductor device from a substrate (200) having an active surface (204) and a non-active surface (206). The method comprises depositing a backing material (104) onto the non-active surface of the substrate (206) in a pattern (500), the pattern (500) having at least a first die section (210), a second die section (212) adjacent the first die section (210), and a strip (216) connecting the first die section (210) and the second die section (212), removing material from portions of the non-active surface of the substrate (206) on which the backing material (104) is not deposited to thereby partially separate the substrate (200) into a first die (236) and a second die (238) connected to one another by the strip (254) of the deposited backing material, and breaking the strip connector (254) to separate the first die (236) from the second die (238).
摘要:
The invention relates to high power semiconductor lasers based on a laser diode array waveguide grating (DAWG) in which the wavelength is stabilized using an array waveguide grating (AWG) in an external cavity configuration. Another aspect of the present invention relates to techniques for efficiently coupling optical gain element arrays to an AWG. Another feature provides for the efficient and brightness-conserving combination of multiple high power DAWG lasers into a single output.
摘要:
A flange and packaging assembly characterized by a structural lip configured to impart resistance to thermal-induced deformation (i.e. “stiffness”) to the flange during elevated temperature die attachment processes. The stiffness is achieved through appropriate configuration of the lip (height, width and shape) and is sufficient to at least partially counteract the stresses generated from coefficient of thermal expansion differentials between the flange and a die attached to it. The lip may be molded or otherwise formed with the flange as a unitary lip-stiffened flange, or may be a separate structure that is affixed to the flange. The flange has a lip-stiffened region for die attachment. This region may be raised above the first surface of the substrate base for enhanced stiffening, and may be in the form of a single pedestal supporting a single or multiple die, or may be a series of raised pedestals, each supporting one or more die. The leads may be embedded in a polymetric material that is attached to the flange that is of sufficient thickess to provide the required stiffness. The embedded leads may be shaped and formed so that the desired seating plane height is achieved. The lead form placement can be either on the interior or exterior of the embedded polymetric material. The polymetric material can be supported along the edge of the flange or be seated on a part of an extrusion from the flange.
摘要:
A rotatable plow shovel apparatus for clearing a path without having to lift includes a plow blade and a shaft housing having a curved front face coupled to a back side of the plow blade. A shaft aperture extends through a top side of the shaft housing to proximal a bottom side and the back face has a plurality of adjustment apertures extending through to the shaft aperture. A handle shaft has a vertical engagement portion rotatably engaged within the shaft aperture and an angled extension portion coupled to the engagement portion. A locking pin is coupled to the engagement portion and is selectively engageable with each of the plurality of adjustment apertures of the shaft housing to lock the handle shaft in a straight position, at least one alternative left tilt position, and at least one alternative right tilt position.