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公开(公告)号：US08471238B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US11227468
申请日：2005-09-15
申请人： Jonathan W. Ward , Mitchell Meinhold , Claude L. Bertin , Benjamin Schlatka , Brent M. Segal , Thomas Ruckes
发明人： Jonathan W. Ward , Mitchell Meinhold , Claude L. Bertin , Benjamin Schlatka , Brent M. Segal , Thomas Ruckes
IPC分类号： H01L29/06
CPC分类号： H01K1/04 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y20/00 , H01L51/0048 , H01L51/0052
摘要： Light emitters using nanotubes and methods of making same. A light emitter includes a nanotube article in electrical communication with a first and a second contact, a substrate having a predefined region with a relatively low thermal conductivity said region in predefined physical relation to said nanotube article; and a stimulus circuit in electrical communication with the first and second contacts. The stimulus circuit provides electrical stimulation sufficient to induce light emission from the nanotube article in the proximity of the predefined region. The predefined region is a channel formed in the substrate or a region of material with relatively low thermal conductivity. The light emitter can be integrated with semiconductor circuits including CMOS circuits. The light emitter can be integrated into optical driver circuits (on- and off-chip drivers) and opto-isolators.
摘要翻译： 使用纳米管的发光体及其制作方法。 光发射器包括与第一和第二接触电连通的纳米管制品，具有预定区域的基底，所述预定区域具有相对于所述纳米管制品预定的物理关系的相对低导热性的所述区域; 以及与第一和第二触点电连通的激励电路。 刺激电路提供足以在预定区域附近从纳米管制品引发光发射的电刺激。 预定区域是形成在衬底中的通道或具有相对较低热导率的材料区域。 光发射器可以与包括CMOS电路的半导体电路集成。 光发射器可以集成到光驱动器电路（片上和片外驱动器）和光隔离器中。
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公开(公告)号：US20080036356A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-14
申请号：US11227468
申请日：2005-09-15
申请人： Jonathan W. Ward , Mitchell Meinhold , Claude L. Bertin , Benjamin Schlatka , Brent M. Segal , Thomas Ruckes
发明人： Jonathan W. Ward , Mitchell Meinhold , Claude L. Bertin , Benjamin Schlatka , Brent M. Segal , Thomas Ruckes
IPC分类号： H01K1/02
CPC分类号： H01K1/04 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y20/00 , H01L51/0048 , H01L51/0052
摘要： Light emitters using nanotubes and methods of making same. A light emitter includes a nanotube article in electrical communication with a first and a second contact, a substrate having a predefined region with a relatively low thermal conductivity said region in predefined physical relation to said nanotube article; and a stimulus circuit in electrical communication with the first and second contacts. The stimulus circuit provides electrical stimulation sufficient to induce light emission from the nanotube article in the proximity of the predefined region. The predefined region is a channel formed in the substrate or a region of material with relatively low thermal conductivity. The light emitter can be integrated with semiconductor circuits including CMOS circuits. The light emitter can be integrated into optical driver circuits (on- and off-chip drivers) and opto-isolators.
摘要翻译： 使用纳米管的发光体及其制作方法。 光发射器包括与第一和第二接触电连通的纳米管制品，具有预定区域的基底，所述预定区域具有相对于所述纳米管制品预定的物理关系的相对低导热性的所述区域; 以及与第一和第二触点电连通的激励电路。 刺激电路提供足以在预定区域附近从纳米管制品引发光发射的电刺激。 预定区域是形成在衬底中的通道或具有相对较低热导率的材料区域。 光发射器可以与包括CMOS电路的半导体电路集成。 光发射器可以集成到光驱动器电路（片上和片外驱动器）和光隔离器中。
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公开(公告)号：US07563711B1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US11708929
申请日：2007-02-21
IPC分类号： H01L21/44
CPC分类号： H01L33/40 , B82Y20/00 , H01L21/28575 , H01L29/2003 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/452 , H01L33/32 , Y10S438/924 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Manufacturers encounter limitations in forming low resistance ohmic electrical contact to semiconductor material P-type Gallium Nitride (p-GaN), commonly used in photonic applications, such that the contact is highly transparent to the light emission of the device. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can address this problem due to their combined metallic and semiconducting characteristics in conjunction with the fact that a fabric of CNTs has high optical transparency. The physical structure of the contact scheme is broken down into three components, a) the GaN, b) an interface material and c) the metallic conductor. The role of the interface material is to make suitable contact to both the GaN and the metal so that the GaN, in turn, will make good electrical contact to the metallic conductor that interfaces the device to external circuitry. A method of fabricating contact to GaN using CNTs and metal while maintaining protection of the GaN surface is provided.
摘要翻译： 制造商在与通常用于光子应用的半导体材料P型氮化镓（p-GaN）形成低电阻欧姆电接触方面遇到限制，使得接触对器件的发光是高度透明的。 碳纳米管（CNT）由于其组合的金属和半导体特性以及CNT的织物具有高的光学透明度的事实，可以解决这个问题。 接触方案的物理结构分为三个部分：a）GaN，b）界面材料和c）金属导体。 界面材料的作用是使GaN和金属两者适当地接触，这样GaN又将与将器件与外部电路接口的金属导体进行良好的电接触。 提供了一种使用CNT和金属制造与GaN接触的方法，同时保持了GaN表面的保护。
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公开(公告)号：US20090173964A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-09
申请号：US11708929
申请日：2007-02-21
CPC分类号： H01L33/40 , B82Y20/00 , H01L21/28575 , H01L29/2003 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/452 , H01L33/32 , Y10S438/924 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Manufacturers encounter limitations in forming low resistance ohmic electrical contact to semiconductor material P-type Gallium Nitride (p-GaN), commonly used in photonic applications, such that the contact is highly transparent to the light emission of the device. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can address this problem due to their combined metallic and semiconducting characteristics in conjunction with the fact that a fabric of CNTs has high optical transparency. The physical structure of the contact scheme is broken down into three components, a) the GaN, b) an interface material and c) the metallic conductor. The role of the interface material is to make suitable contact to both the GaN and the metal so that the GaN, in turn, will make good electrical contact to the metallic conductor that interfaces the device to external circuitry. A method of fabricating contact to GaN using CNTs and metal while maintaining protection of the GaN surface is provided.
摘要翻译： 制造商在与通常用于光子应用的半导体材料P型氮化镓（p-GaN）形成低电阻欧姆电接触方面遇到限制，使得接触对器件的发光是高度透明的。 碳纳米管（CNT）由于其组合的金属和半导体特性以及CNT的织物具有高的光学透明度的事实，可以解决这个问题。 接触方案的物理结构分为三个部分：a）GaN，b）界面材料和c）金属导体。 界面材料的作用是使GaN和金属两者适当地接触，这样GaN又将与将器件与外部电路接口的金属导体进行良好的电接触。 提供了一种使用CNT和金属制造与GaN接触的方法，同时保持了GaN表面的保护。
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公开(公告)号：US08044388B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US12506878
申请日：2009-07-21
IPC分类号： H01L35/24
CPC分类号： H01L33/40 , B82Y20/00 , H01L21/28575 , H01L29/2003 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/452 , H01L33/32 , Y10S438/924 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Manufacturers encounter limitations in forming low resistance ohmic electrical contact to semiconductor material P-type Gallium Nitride (p-GaN), commonly used in photonic applications, such that the contact is highly transparent to the light emission of the device. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can address this problem due to their combined metallic and semiconducting characteristics in conjunction with the fact that a fabric of CNTs has high optical transparency. The physical structure of the contact scheme is broken down into three components, a) the GaN, b) an interface material and c) the metallic conductor. The role of the interface material is to make suitable contact to both the GaN and the metal so that the GaN, in turn, will make good electrical contact to the metallic conductor that interfaces the device to external circuitry. A method of fabricating contact to GaN using CNTs and metal while maintaining protection of the GaN surface is provided.
摘要翻译： 制造商在与通常用于光子应用的半导体材料P型氮化镓（p-GaN）形成低电阻欧姆电接触方面遇到限制，使得接触对器件的发光是高度透明的。 碳纳米管（CNT）由于其组合的金属和半导体特性以及CNT的织物具有高的光学透明度的事实，可以解决这个问题。 接触方案的物理结构分为三个部分：a）GaN，b）界面材料和c）金属导体。 界面材料的作用是使GaN和金属两者适当地接触，这样GaN又将与将器件与外部电路接口的金属导体进行良好的电接触。 提供了一种使用CNT和金属制造与GaN接触的方法，同时保持了GaN表面的保护。
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公开(公告)号：US20080231413A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-25
申请号：US12111442
申请日：2008-04-29
IPC分类号： H01C10/00
CPC分类号： H01C7/06 , H01C7/003 , H01C7/005 , H01C7/006 , H01C10/306 , H01C17/0652 , H01C17/232 , H01C17/283 , H01L28/22
摘要： Resistive elements include a patterned region of nanofabric having a predetermined area, where the nanofabric has a selected sheet resistance; and first and second electrical contacts contacting the patterned region of nanofabric and in spaced relation to each other. The resistance of the element between the first and second electrical contacts is determined by the selected sheet resistance of the nanofabric, the area of nanofabric, and the spaced relation of the first and second electrical contacts. The bulk resistance is tunable.
摘要翻译： 电阻元件包括具有预定面积的纳米纤维的图案化区域，其中纳米纤维具有选定的薄层电阻; 以及第一和第二电触头接触纳米尺寸的图案化区域并且彼此间隔开。 元件在第一和第二电触点之间的电阻由所选择的纳米尺寸的薄层电阻，纳米的面积以及第一和第二电触头间隔的关系来确定。 体积电阻是可调谐的。
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公开(公告)号：US07365632B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-29
申请号：US11230876
申请日：2005-09-20
IPC分类号： H01C10/00
CPC分类号： H01C7/06 , H01C7/003 , H01C7/005 , H01C7/006 , H01C10/306 , H01C17/0652 , H01C17/232 , H01C17/283 , H01L28/22
摘要： Resistive elements include a patterned region of nanofabric having a predetermined area, where the nanofabric has a selected sheet resistance; and first and second electrical contacts contacting the patterned region of nanofabric and in spaced relation to each other. The resistance of the element between the first and second electrical contacts is determined by the selected sheet resistance of the nanofabric, the area of nanofabric, and the spaced relation of the first and second electrical contacts. The bulk resistance is tunable.
摘要翻译： 电阻元件包括具有预定面积的纳米纤维的图案化区域，其中纳米纤维具有选定的薄层电阻; 以及第一和第二电触头接触纳米尺寸的图案化区域并且彼此间隔开。 元件在第一和第二电触点之间的电阻由所选择的纳米尺寸的薄层电阻，纳米的面积以及第一和第二电触头间隔的关系来确定。 体积电阻是可调谐的。
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公开(公告)号：US20110083319A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12953076
申请日：2010-11-23
CPC分类号： H01L23/62 , B82Y10/00 , G11C13/025 , G11C17/16 , G11C17/165 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/17 , H01H1/0094 , H01L23/60 , H01L27/0248 , H01L27/0251 , H01L51/0048 , H01L2224/16 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/0102 , H01L2924/01025 , H01L2924/01046 , H01L2924/01066 , H01L2924/01068 , H01L2924/01077 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/09701 , H01L2924/12044 , H01L2924/19103 , H01L2924/19104 , H01L2924/19105 , H01L2924/3011 , H05K1/0259 , Y10T29/49105 , Y10T29/49117 , Y10T29/49124 , Y10T29/49204
摘要： Nanotube ESD protective devices and corresponding nonvolatile and volatile nanotube switches. An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit for protecting a protected circuit is coupled to an input pad. The ESD circuit includes a nanotube switch electrically having a control. The switch is coupled to the protected circuit and to a discharge path. The nanotube switch is controllable, in response to electrical stimulation of the control, between a de-activated state and an activated state. The activated state creates a current path so that a signal on the input pad flows to the discharge path to cause the signal at the input pad to remain within a predefined operable range for the protected circuit. The nanotube switch, the input pad, and the protected circuit may be on a semiconductor chip. The nanotube switch may be on a chip carrier. The deactivated and activated states may be volatile or non-volatile depending on the embodiment. The ESD circuit may be repeatedly programmed between the activated and deactivated states so as to repeatedly activate and deactivate ESD protection of the protected circuit. The nanotube switch provides protection based on the magnitude of the signal on the input pad.
摘要翻译： 纳米管ESD保护装置和相应的非易失性和挥发性纳米管开关。 用于保护受保护电路的静电放电（ESD）保护电路耦合到输入焊盘。 ESD电路包括电子控制的纳米管开关。 开关耦合到保护电路和放电路径。 纳米管开关可以响应于控制的电刺激而被控制在去激活状态和激活状态之间。 激活状态产生电流路径，使得输入焊盘上的信号流到放电路径，使输入焊盘处的信号保持在受保护电路的预定可操作范围内。 纳米管开关，输入焊盘和受保护电路可以在半导体芯片上。 纳米管开关可以在芯片载体上。 根据实施例，去激活状态和激活状态可以是易失性的或非易失性的。 可以在激活和去激活状态之间重复地编程ESD电路，以便重复激活和去激活受保护电路的ESD保护。 纳米管开关基于输入焊盘上的信号幅度提供保护。
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公开(公告)号：US08631562B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-21
申请号：US12953076
申请日：2010-11-23
CPC分类号： H01L23/62 , B82Y10/00 , G11C13/025 , G11C17/16 , G11C17/165 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/17 , H01H1/0094 , H01L23/60 , H01L27/0248 , H01L27/0251 , H01L51/0048 , H01L2224/16 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/0102 , H01L2924/01025 , H01L2924/01046 , H01L2924/01066 , H01L2924/01068 , H01L2924/01077 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/09701 , H01L2924/12044 , H01L2924/19103 , H01L2924/19104 , H01L2924/19105 , H01L2924/3011 , H05K1/0259 , Y10T29/49105 , Y10T29/49117 , Y10T29/49124 , Y10T29/49204
摘要： An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit for protecting a protected circuit is coupled to an input pad. The ESD circuit includes a nanotube switch electrically having a control. The switch is coupled to the protected circuit and to a discharge path. The nanotube switch is controllable, in response to electrical stimulation of the control, between a de-activated state and an activated state. The activated state creates a current path so that a signal on the input pad flows to the discharge path to cause the signal at the input pad to remain within a predefined operable range for the protected circuit. The nanotube switch, the input pad, and the protected circuit may be on a semiconductor chip. The nanotube switch may be on a chip carrier. The deactivated and activated states may be volatile or non-volatile depending on the embodiment.
摘要翻译： 用于保护受保护电路的静电放电（ESD）保护电路耦合到输入焊盘。 ESD电路包括电子控制的纳米管开关。 开关耦合到保护电路和放电路径。 纳米管开关可以响应于控制的电刺激而被控制在去激活状态和激活状态之间。 激活状态产生电流路径，使得输入焊盘上的信号流到放电路径，使输入焊盘处的信号保持在受保护电路的预定可操作范围内。 纳米管开关，输入焊盘和受保护电路可以在半导体芯片上。 纳米管开关可以在芯片载体上。 根据实施例，去激活状态和激活状态可以是易失性的或非易失性的。
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公开(公告)号：US20100267205A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-21
申请号：US12066063
申请日：2006-09-05
IPC分类号： H01L23/373 , H01L21/70 , H01L21/02
CPC分类号： H01L23/373 , H01L23/433 , H01L24/28 , H01L24/31 , H01L2224/0554 , H01L2224/05568 , H01L2224/05573 , H01L2224/16 , H01L2224/73253 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01015 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/01023 , H01L2924/01029 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/01074 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/01082 , H01L2924/1306 , H01L2924/14 , Y10S977/80 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2224/05599 , H01L2224/0555 , H01L2224/0556
摘要： Under one aspect, a method of cooling a circuit element includes providing a thermal reservoir having a temperature lower than an operating temperature of the circuit element; and providing a nanotube article in thermal contact with the circuit element and with the reservoir, the nanotube article including a non-woven fabric of nanotubes in contact with other nanotubes to define a plurality of thermal pathways along the article, the nanotube article having a nanotube density and a shape selected such that the nanotube article is capable of transferring heat from the circuit element to the thermal reservoir.
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，冷却电路元件的方法包括提供具有低于电路元件的工作温度的温度的热存储器; 并且提供与所述电路元件和所述储存器热接触的纳米管制品，所述纳米管制品包括与其它纳米管接触的纳米管的无纺织物以限定沿着所述制品的多个热路径，所述纳米管制品具有纳米管 密度和形状，使得纳米管制品能够将热量从电路元件传递到热储存器。
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