摘要:
An objective of the present invention is to provide a zinc oxide (ZnO) single crystal whose electroconductivity is excellent and which has a high quality. The invention relates to a zinc oxide single crystal whose concentration of metals other than zinc in the crystal fulfills the following equation: [−cM]/[+cM]≧3wherein M is a metal other than zinc, [−cM] is a concentration of M in a −c region in the zinc oxide crystal, and [+cM] is a concentration of M in a +c region in the zinc oxide crystal.
摘要:
Provided is a single crystal with a hexagonal wurtzite structure which is useful as a substrate for various devices and has high purity and is uniform. The single crystal with a hexagonal wurtzite structures which is obtained by a crystal growth on at least an m-plane of a columnar seed crystal and represented by AX (A representing an electropositive element and X representing an electronegative element) is characterized in that a variation in the concentration of a metal other than the electropositive element A and having a concentration of 0.1 to 50 ppm is within 100%.
摘要:
A manufacture method that can manufacture ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal of good quality. A ZnO substrate is prepared to have a principal surface made of a plurality of terraces of (0001) planes arranged stepwise along an m-axis direction, the envelop of the principal surface being inclined relative to the (0001) plane by about 2 degrees or less. ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal is grown on the principal surface.
摘要:
A manufacture method that can manufacture ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal of good quality. A ZnO substrate is prepared to have a principal surface made of a plurality of terraces of (0001) planes arranged stepwise along an m-axis direction, the envelop of the principal surface being inclined relative to the (0001) plane by about 2 degrees or less. ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal is grown on the principal surface.
摘要:
A manufacture method that can manufacture ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal of good quality. A ZnO substrate is prepared to have a principal surface made of a plurality of terraces of (0001) planes arranged stepwise along an m-axis direction, the envelop of the principal surface being inclined relative to the (0001) plane by about 2 degrees or less. ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal is grown on the principal surface.
摘要:
A manufacture method that can manufacture ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal of good quality. A ZnO substrate is prepared to have a principal surface made of a plurality of terraces of (0001) planes arranged stepwise along an m-axis direction, the envelop of the principal surface being inclined relative to the (0001) plane by about 2 degrees or less. ZnO based compound semiconductor crystal is grown on the principal surface.
摘要:
Provided is an indole compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein in formula (1), R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; R3 to R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an alkoxy group or a hydroxy group; X represents an organic group having an acidic group; and Z represents a linking group including at least one selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring, a vinylene group and an ethynylene group.
摘要翻译:提供由以下通式(1)表示的吲哚化合物:其中在式(1)中,R 1和R 2各自独立地表示氢原子,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的芳基或取代或未取代的 杂环基; R 3〜R 6各自独立地表示氢原子,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的芳基,烷氧基或羟基。 X表示具有酸性基团的有机基团; Z表示包括选自取代或未取代的芳环,取代或未取代的杂环,亚乙烯基和亚乙炔基中的至少一种的连接基团。
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion element having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and durability. To achieve the object, the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion element including a semiconductor electrode (70) that has a porous semiconductor layer (30) onto which a dye (40) is adsorbed, a counter electrode (60) that is provided so as to face the semiconductor layer (30) of the semiconductor electrode (70), and an electrolyte (50) that contains a radical compound having an average molecular weight of 200 or more and is positioned between the semiconductor electrode (70) and the counter electrode (60).
摘要:
A fluorine-containing phenylmaleimide derivative having a specific structure. A polymer obtained by polymerizing monomers containing the derivative. A polymer containing a specific structural unit and having a weight-average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000. A chemically amplified resist composition containing the polymer and a photo acid generator, wherein the proportion of the polymer relative to the total of the polymer and the photo acid generator is 70 to 99.8% by mass. A method for pattern formation, which comprises coating the above composition on a to-be-processed substrate, exposing with a light of 180 nm or less wavelength, and conducting baking and development.
摘要:
Chemically amplified resist is produced on the basis of vinyl polymer having 3-oxo-4-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-yl group expressed by general formula (1) where each of L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom and alkyl groups having the carbon number from 1 to 8, and the hydrogen atom and/or the alkyl group at L5 and L6 are replaced with alkylene groups having the carbon number from 1 to 10 and bonded to each other for forming a ring so that the resist exhibits high transparency to light equal to or less than 220 nm wavelength, large resistance against dry etching and good adhesion to substrates.