摘要:
An electrically heating catalytic apparatus that quickly heats catalyst to an activation temperature even when the engine is started at a low temperature below the catalyst activation temperature. The apparatus employs an electrically conductive catalyst carrier that is electrically heated. The carrier is provided with local hot spots to be energized. Since the heat is locally generated, the heat capacity of the catalyst carrier is small to shorten a temperature increasing time.
摘要:
A substrate film for an optical sheet is made of a transparent resin and is formed into a rectangular shape. The substrate film for the optical sheet has an optical anisotropy and has an absolute value of the angle of the crystal orientation with respect to the short side orientation which is π/16 or greater and 3π/16 or less.
摘要:
In a control apparatus for an automatic transmission having two input shafts connected to an output shaft of a prime mover; two output shafts; and two drive force transmission paths including clutches and synch devices each of which is able to connect a speed gear to the associated one of the output shafts, it is configured to discriminate whether shifting required by an operator is a first shifting pattern or a second shifting pattern, supply fluid pressure to one of the drive force transmission paths associated with a desired speed gear, while engaging the lockup clutch, when the shifting is the first shifting pattern, and supply the fluid pressure to the one of the drive force transmission paths associated with the desired speed gear, while disengaging the lockup clutch, when the shifting is the second shifting pattern.
摘要:
The present invention provides a lubrication apparatus configured to supply oil to one or more supply portions in an internal combustion engine. This lubrication apparatus includes a first member including a hydrotalcites compound that is provided in an oil passage, and a second member that is provided in the oil passage and includes a reaction substance having a function of trapping a metallic component separated from the hydrotalcites compound.
摘要:
The present invention is characterized by being a rectangular liquid crystal display module which includes a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal cell is sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates, an optical sheet overlaid on the back face side of the liquid crystal display element, and a surface illuminant backlight overlaid on the back face side of the optical sheet, wherein the optical sheet includes a resin substrate film having an optical anisotropy, and provided that: with respect to the short side orientation as a base, angle of the polarization orientation of the rays of light outgoing from the backlight front face is designated as γ; and angle of the transmission axial orientation of the back face side-polarizing plate is designated as δ, the angle of the crystallographic axial orientation of the substrate film falls within the range of ±50% of a value ε (i.e., 0.5×ε or greater and 1.5×ε or less) calculated by the following mathematical formula (I) and mathematical formula (II): ε=γ+(δ−γ)/2 in the case of γ≦δ; and (I) ε=δ+(γ−δ)/2 in the case of γ≧δ. (II)
摘要:
In the electrically heated catalytic converter system according to the present invention, the catalytic converter is provided with an electric heater. The electric heater is turned on by a switching device for a predetermined time period after the engine starts in order to heat the catalytic converter. When the switching device fails in such a manner that the switching device cannot turn off the electric heater even after the predetermined time period lapsed, the catalytic converter is heated by the electric heater even after the catalyst reaches the activating temperature. This may cause an excessive temperature rise and damage to the catalytic converter. The electronic control unit of the engine monitors the electric current supplied to the electric heater, and if the electric current is supplied to the electric heater continuously after the predetermined time period lapsed, the electronic control unit lowers the setting of the maximum limit of the speed of the engine to a value determined by the degree of opening of the throttle valve. Therefore, the engine is operated at a relatively low speed when the switching device has failed and the amount of the exhaust gas flowing through the catalytic converter is reduced. Thus the amount of the heat transferred from the exhaust gas to the catalytic converter is reduced, and an excessive temperature rise of the catalytic converter is suppressed.
摘要:
An electrically heated catalytic converter system of the present invention includes a plurality of heater-converters, each heater-converter being disposed on one of a plurality of exhaust passages of an engine. Each heater-converter includes a catalyst bed which carries particles of a three-way reducing and oxidizing catalyst, an electric heater which is turned on during the start up of the engine to rapidly heat at least a portion of the catalyst bed, and a temperature detector disposed in the catalyst bed. The system also includes an electronic control unit (ECU) that detects the failure of the converter system. When the engine is started, the ECU calculates the difference in the temperatures of the catalyst beds, and if this difference in the temperatures becomes larger than a predetermined value, the ECU determines that one of the heater-converters has failed, i.e., the electrically heated catalytic converter system has failed. The failure of the converter system can also be determined by comparing the rate of temperature rise of the converters, or by determining a temperature or rate of temperature rise difference between a catalytic converter and the exhaust gas entering the catalytic converter.
摘要:
A diagnosis device for an exhaust gas recycling device diagnoses whether or not an exhaust gas recycling device is operating normally; the temperature of an exhaust gas recycling passage is detected by a temperature detection means, a decision is made by an exhaust gas recycling operating region detection means whether or not the operating region is such as to carry out exhaust gas recycling, when a decision is made that the operating region is such as to carry out exhaust gas recycling a counter is incremented and when otherwise is decremented, and a decision that the exhaust gas recycling is not being carried out normally, that is that the exhaust gas recycling device has failed, is made when the count value of this counter is at least a certain value and the temperature of the exhaust gas recycling passage is not more than a certain value.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide an optical unit and a backlight unit which can markedly enhance utilization efficiency of rays of light and dramatically increase luminance, and which are suited for immediate beneath type liquid crystal display modules and the like. The optical unit of the present invention is a rectangular layered structural member having a reflection polarizing plate, an optical sheet superposed on the back face side of the reflection polarizing plate, and a transparent media layer filled between the reflection polarizing plate and the optical sheet. This optical sheet includes a resin substrate film having an optical anisotropy, and the absolute value of the angle of the crystal orientation of the substrate film with respect to the transmission axial orientation of the reflection polarizing plate is π/8 or greater and 3π/8 or less. The retardation value of the substrate film is preferably 70 nm or greater and 320 nm or less. The optical sheet preferably has an optical layer laminated on one face of the substrate film. The liquid crystal display module of the present invention has a liquid crystal display element, the optical unit, and an immediate beneath type backlight.
摘要:
The present invention provides an oil deterioration suppressing apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising an oil reservoir section for reserving oil, a filtering component and an adsorption component provided in an oil passage, and a supply device for supplying the oil in the oil reservoir section to a side upstream of the adsorption component and the filtering component. The filtering component is configured to remove unnecessary products from the oil, and the adsorption component is configured to be positioned upstream of the filtering component to adsorb a predetermined acid component in the oil. Since the apparatus can remove a predetermined acid component in the oil from the oil in the adsorption component, it is possible to suppress generation of the sludge in the filtering component, thereby suppressing the oil deterioration appropriately.