摘要:
Provided are a piezoelectric thin film having good piezoelectricity in which a rhombohedral structure and a tetragonal structure are mixed, and a piezoelectric element using the piezoelectric thin film. The piezoelectric thin film includes a perovskite type metal oxide, in which the perovskite type metal oxide is a mixed crystal system of at least a rhombohedral structure and a tetragonal structure, and a ratio between an a-axis lattice parameter and a c-axis lattice parameter of the tetragonal structure satisfies 1.15≦c/a≦1.30. The piezoelectric element includes on a substrate: the above-mentioned piezoelectric thin film; and a pair of electrodes provided in contact with the piezoelectric thin film.
摘要翻译:提供一种压电薄膜,其具有混合菱方结构和四边形结构的压电性,以及使用压电薄膜的压电元件。 压电薄膜包括钙钛矿型金属氧化物,其中钙钛矿型金属氧化物是至少具有菱方结构和四方结构的混晶系统,a轴晶格参数与c轴晶格之比 四方结构的参数满足1.15≦̸ c / a≦̸ 1.30。 压电元件包括在基底上:上述压电薄膜; 以及设置成与压电薄膜接触的一对电极。
摘要:
Provided are a piezoelectric thin film having good piezoelectricity in which a rhombohedral structure and a tetragonal structure are mixed, and a piezoelectric element using the piezoelectric thin film. The piezoelectric thin film includes a perovskite type metal oxide, in which the perovskite type metal oxide is a mixed crystal system of at least a rhombohedral structure and a tetragonal structure, and a ratio between an a-axis lattice parameter and a c-axis lattice parameter of the tetragonal structure satisfies 1.15≦c/a≦1.30. The piezoelectric element includes on a substrate: the above-mentioned piezoelectric thin film; and a pair of electrodes provided in contact with the piezoelectric thin film.
摘要:
Provided are a bismuth-based piezoelectric material whose insulation property is improved while its performance as a piezoelectric body is not impaired and a piezoelectric device using the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material includes a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): Bix(Fe1-yCoy)O3 (1) where 0.95≦x≦1.25 and 0≦y≦0.30, and a root mean square roughness Rq (nm) of a surface of the piezoelectric material satisfies a relationship of 0
摘要:
Provided are a bismuth-based piezoelectric material whose insulation property is improved while its performance as a piezoelectric body is not impaired, and a piezoelectric device using the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material includes a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): Bix(Fe1-yCoy)O3 (1) where 0.95≦x≦1.25 and 0≦y≦0.30, and a root mean square roughness Rq (nm) of a surface of the piezoelectric material satisfies a relationship of 0
摘要:
[Problem to be Solved]To enhance the performance for separation of oil mist from blow-by gas.[Solution]A filter element 13 which is to be attached to an oil separator unit 3 includes a core 31. This core is a double tube having an internal cylindrical member 34 and an external cylindrical member 35, and a space between the internal cylindrical member and the external cylindrical member is used as a separation chamber 36. An injection hole 39 for injecting blow-by gas while increasing its flow velocity is provided in the internal cylindrical member. A surface which is an inner wall surface of the external cylindrical member and which faces the injection hole is a spraying surface onto which the blow-by gas injected from the injection hole is sprayed. Moreover, an opening for oil discharge from which oil OL condensed on the spraying surface is discharged, and an opening for discharge from which the blow-by gas from which oil mist has been separated is discharged are provided in the core.
摘要:
A semiconductor device may include, but is not limited to: a semiconductor substrate; a memory capacitor; and a first compensation capacitor. The semiconductor substrate has at least first and second regions. The memory capacitor is positioned over the first region. The memory capacitor may include, but is not limited to: a first lower electrode; and a first dielectric film covering inner and outer surfaces of the first lower electrode. The first compensation capacitor is positioned over the second region. The first compensation capacitor includes, but is not limited to: a second lower electrode; a second dielectric film covering an inner surface of the second lower electrode; and a first insulating film covering an outer surface of the second lower electrode.
摘要:
An accurate determination of deterioration of a NOx storage reduction catalyst. A supply device supplies a reducing agent to the NOx catalyst to change an air fuel ratio of an exhaust gas passing through the NOx catalyst, an NH3 detection device detects NH3 in the exhaust gas at the downstream side of the NOx catalyst, a control device adjusts an amount of the reducing agent so that the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas becomes a predetermined rich air fuel ratio, and a determination device makes a determination that the NOx catalyst has deteriorated, when a detected value of the NH3 detection device becomes equal to or greater than a threshold value, at the time of supplying the reducing agent while adjusting the amount of the reducing agent so that the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas becomes the predetermined rich air fuel ratio.
摘要:
[Problem to be Solved]To enhance the performance for separation of oil mist from blow-by gas.[Solution]A filter element 13 which is to be attached to an oil separator unit 3 includes a core 31. This core is a double tube having an internal cylindrical member 34 and an external cylindrical member 35, and a space between the internal cylindrical member and the external cylindrical member is used as a separation chamber 36. An injection hole 39 for injecting blow-by gas while increasing its flow velocity is provided in the internal cylindrical member. A surface which is an inner wall surface of the external cylindrical member and which faces the injection hole is a spraying surface onto which the blow-by gas injected from the injection hole is sprayed. Moreover, an opening for oil discharge from which oil OL condensed on the spraying surface is discharged, and an opening for discharge from which the blow-by gas from which oil mist has been separated is discharged are provided in the core.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine, in which an NOX selective reducing catalyst (15) is arranged inside an engine exhaust passage, and aqueous urea stored in an aqueous urea tank (20) is fed to the NOX selective reducing catalyst (15) to selectively reduce the NOX. The aqueous urea tank (20) comprises a main tank (20a) and a sub tank (20b) arranged inside the main tank (20a). The aqueous urea in the sub tank (20b) is sent to an aqueous urea feed valve (17). When the aqueous urea tank (20) should be refilled with aqueous urea, the sub tank (20b) is refilled with aqueous urea. It is detected by a level sensor (40) if the aqueous urea in the aqueous urea tank (20) is refilled. When it is judged that the NOX purification rate falls below an allowable level at the time of engine operation right after the aqueous urea in the aqueous urea tank (20) has been refilled, it is judged that the refilled aqueous urea is abnormal.
摘要:
A determination is made more simply as to a malfunction of a low pressure EGR device that supplies an EGR gas from a low pressure EGR passage connecting between an exhaust passage at a location downstream of a turbine and an intake passage. Provision is made for a high pressure EGR device that connects between the exhaust passage at a location upstream of the turbine and the intake passage, the low pressure EGR device that connects between the exhaust passage at a location downstream of the turbine and the intake passage, and a detection unit that detects a malfunction of the low pressure EGR device from the degree of opening of a high pressure EGR valve at the time when the EGR gas is supplied from both the high pressure EGR device and the low pressure EGR device, and at the time when the high pressure EGR valve of the high pressure EGR device is controlled in a feedback manner so as to direct an amount of EGR gas in a cylinder toward a target range of the amount of EGR gas, while carrying out open loop control of a low pressure EGR valve of the low pressure EGR device.