公开(公告)号：US07368191B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-06

申请号：US10484981

申请日：2002-07-23

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman ,  Jon Zulkiewicz

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman ,  Jon Zulkiewicz

IPC: H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M4/00

CPC classification number: H01G9/155 ,  C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46152 ,  C02F2201/46195 ,  H01M6/10 ,  H01M6/40 ,  H01M10/0431 ,  H01M10/0436 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/058 ,  H01M10/0585 ,  H01M10/0587 ,  Y02E60/13

Abstract: The invention features an electrode array (7) in which pairs of electrodes (1) are geometrically arranged so that the broadest faces of the exposed electrodes are not directly opposing to each other. Rather, the broadest facing surfaces of the electrodes in the array are parallel, adjacent, or offset at an angle. The electrode geometry of an electrode array of the invention permits electrodes to be in close proximity, thereby lowering series resistance, while minimizing the possibility for short circuits that can cause electrical leakage. An electrode array of the invention can be used in an electrochemical cell, such as a battery, e.g., a lithium battery, a capacitor, a flow-through capacitor, or a fuel cell.

Abstract translation: 本发明的特征在于电极阵列（7），其中电极对（1）几何地布置，使得暴露电极的最宽面不彼此直接相对。 相反，阵列中电极的最宽的面对表面是平行的，相邻的或以一定角度偏移的。 本发明的电极阵列的电极几何形状允许电极靠近，从而降低串联电阻，同时最小化可能导致漏电的短路的可能性。 本发明的电极阵列可用于电化学电池，例如电池，例如锂电池，电容器，流通电容器或燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：US20080290546A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US12221215

申请日：2008-07-31

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

IPC: C04B35/00

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  C02F1/008 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/005 ,  C02F2201/46 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2209/001 ,  C02F2209/003 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: Flow-through capacitors are provided with one or more charge barrier layers. Ions trapped in the pore volume of flow-through capacitors cause inefficiencies as these ions are expelled during the charge cycle into the purification path. A charge barrier layer holds these pore volume ions to one side of a desired flow stream, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the flow-through capacitor purifies or concentrates ions.

Abstract translation: 流通电容器设置有一个或多个电荷阻挡层。 由于这些离子在充电循环期间被排出到净化路径中，所以在流通电容器的孔体积中捕获的离子导致低效率。 电荷阻挡层将这些孔隙体积离子保持在所需流动流的一侧，从而提高流通电容器净化或浓缩离子的效率。

公开(公告)号：US06628505B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US10049872

申请日：2002-02-12

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: H01G4228

CPC classification number: C02F1/4691 ,  C02F1/46104 ,  C02F2103/16 ,  C02F2103/346 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: A flow-through capacitor and fluid for the purification system wherein the flow-through capacitor comprises a plurality of individuals, electrolyte-isolated cells (7), and the cells are electrically connected in series in a cartridge holder.

Abstract translation: 用于净化系统的流通电容器和流体，其中所述流通电容器包括多个个体，电解质隔离电池（7），并且所述电池串联电连接在盒保持器中。

公开(公告)号：US20090090627A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-09

申请号：US12221216

申请日：2008-07-31

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

IPC: B01D59/42

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  C02F1/008 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/005 ,  C02F2201/46 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2209/001 ,  C02F2209/003 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: Flow-through capacitors are provided with one or more charge barrier layers. Ions trapped in the pore volume of flow-through capacitors cause inefficiencies as these ions are expelled during the charge cycle into the purification path. A charge barrier layer holds these pore volume ions to one side of a desired flow stream, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the flow-through capacitor purifies or concentrates ions.

Abstract translation: 流通电容器设置有一个或多个电荷阻挡层。 由于这些离子在充电循环期间被排出到净化路径中，所以在流通电容器的孔体积中捕获的离子导致低效率。 电荷阻挡层将这些孔隙体积离子保持在所需流动流的一侧，从而提高流通电容器净化或浓缩离子的效率。

公开(公告)号：US5779891A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US834259

申请日：1997-04-15

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: C02F1/46 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D35/06 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C25B9/10 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/96 ,  B01D15/08

CPC classification number: C02F1/4691 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/6069 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  G01N2030/027 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/461 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6095

Abstract: A foul-resistant, flow-through capacitor, a system employing the capacitor and a method of separation is disclosed wherein the capacitor has at least one anode and cathode electrode pair. The electrodes are formed of high surface area, electrically conductive material and have an open, preferably straight, fluid flow-through path. Typically, the flow path is formed by a plurality of straight, parallel, spaced apart electrodes with the flow path not greater than one of the X-Y-Z distance components of the capacitor. The flow-through capacitor avoids fouling in use and may be employed with saturated waste or other streams.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种防污流通电容器，采用电容器的系统和分离方法，其中电容器具有至少一个阳极和阴极电极对。 电极由高表面积的导电材料形成并且具有开放的，优选直的流体流通路径。 通常，流动路径由多个直的，平行的间隔开的电极形成，流动路径不大于电容器的X-Y-Z距离分量中的一个。 流通电容器避免使用中的结垢，并且可以与饱和废物或其它流一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US5620597A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

申请号：US541880

申请日：1995-10-10

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: C02F1/46 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D35/06 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C25B9/10 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/96 ,  B01D15/08

CPC classification number: C02F1/4691 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/6069 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  G01N2030/027 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/461 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6095

Abstract: A foul-resistant, flow-through capacitor, a system employing the capacitor and a method of separation is disclosed wherein the capacitor has at least one anode and cathode electrode pair. The electrodes are formed of high surface area, electrically conductive material and have an open, preferably straight, fluid flow-through path. Typically, the flow path is formed by a plurality of straight, parallel, spaced apart electrodes with the flow path not greater than one of the X-Y-Z distance components of the capacitor. The flow-through capacitor avoids fouling in use and may be employed with saturated waste or other streams.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种防污流通电容器，采用电容器的系统和分离方法，其中电容器具有至少一个阳极和阴极电极对。 电极由高表面积的导电材料形成并且具有开放的，优选直的流体流通路径。 通常，流动路径由多个直的，平行的间隔开的电极形成，流动路径不大于电容器的X-Y-Z距离分量中的一个。 流通电容器避免使用中的结垢，并且可以与饱和废物或其它流一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US5200068A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-06

申请号：US819828

申请日：1992-01-13

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: B01D15/08 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/80 ,  G01N30/96 ,  H01G9/00 ,  H01G11/00 ,  H01G11/40 ,  H01G11/42 ,  H01G11/68

CPC classification number: G01N30/50 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/3885 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  G01N30/6069 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  G01N2030/027 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6091 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N30/80

Abstract: A controlled charge chromatography column for the purification of a fluid-containing material, which column comprises a chromatographic column having an inlet for the introduction of a fluid to be purified and an outlet for the discharge of the purified fluid, and one or more concentrated materials and a flow-through capacitor disposed within the column between the inlet and outlet, the flow-through capacitor means comprising a plurality of spirally wound or stacked washer layers to include a first electrically conductive backing layer, such as of graphite, and a first high surface area conductive layer secured to the backing layer, such as composed of porous carbon fibers and a non-conductive, porous spacer layer to electrically insulate the backing and conductive layer and to permit the flow of material therethrough, the flow-through capacitor to be connected to a DC power source to charge the respective conductive layers with different polarities whereby a fluid containing material through the colum is purified by the electrically conductive stationary phase and the retention thereof onto the high surface area layer and permitting for example the purification of solutions of liquids, such as salt, and providing for the recovery of a purified liquid.

Abstract translation: 一种用于纯化含液体材料的受控电荷色谱柱，该色谱柱包括具有用于引入待纯化流体的入口和用于排出纯化流体的出口的色谱柱，以及一种或多种浓缩物质 以及设置在入口和出口之间的柱内的流通电容器，所述流通电容器装置包括多个螺旋卷绕或堆叠的垫圈层，以包括第一导电背衬层，例如石墨，以及第一高度 固定到背衬层的表面积导电层，例如由多孔碳纤维和非导电多孔间隔层组成，以使背衬和导电层电绝缘并允许材料流过其中，流通电容器为 连接到DC电源以对具有不同极性的各导电层充电，由此含有流体的材料 通过导管将导电固定相纯化，并将其保留在高表面积层上，并允许例如净化诸如盐的液体溶液，并提供纯化液体的回收。

公开(公告)号：US20080289950A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US12221375

申请日：2008-08-01

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman ,  Gregory S. Walker

IPC: C07C1/00

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  C02F1/008 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/005 ,  C02F2201/46 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2209/001 ,  C02F2209/003 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: Flow-through capacitors are provided with one or more charge barrier layers. Ions trapped in the pore volume of flow-through capacitors cause inefficiencies as these ions are expelled during the charge cycle into the purification path. A charge barrier layer holds these pore volume ions to one side of a desired flow stream, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the flow-through capacitor purifies or concentrates ions.

Abstract translation: 流通电容器设置有一个或多个电荷阻挡层。 由于这些离子在充电循环期间被排出到净化路径中，所以在流通电容器的孔体积中捕获的离子导致低效率。 电荷阻挡层将这些孔隙体积离子保持在所需流动流的一侧，从而提高流通电容器净化或浓缩离子的效率。

公开(公告)号：US20080128353A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-05

申请号：US11794457

申请日：2006-01-06

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/28 ,  C02F1/32 ,  C02F1/36

CPC classification number: C02F1/547 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F2101/30 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: Surfactants and flow through capacitors (3) work together synergistically to enhance each other's function. Surfactants added upstream into the feed water (1) enhance the flow through capacitor's (3) ability to purify organic compounds from fluid streams. Surfactants (13) added downstream into the product water enhance the micelle forming processes so that they work more effectively in appliances (11), by working in smaller amounts or concentrations, and with less tendency to precipitate, form a solid or a crud.

Abstract translation: 表面活性剂和通过电容器（3）的流动协同工作，以增强彼此的功能。 上游加入进水（1）中的表面活性剂增强了电容器（3）从流体流中净化有机化合物的能力。 在产品水中下游加入的表面活性剂（13）增强了胶束形成过程，使得它们在电器（11）中更有效地工作，通过以较小的量或浓度工作，并且具有较少的沉淀，形成固体或粗糙物的倾向。

公开(公告)号：US6127474A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

申请号：US921738

申请日：1997-08-27

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: C08K3/00

CPC classification number: C08K3/0033 ,  C02F1/4691

Abstract: A high tensile strength, fluorocarbon-conductive, particle binder material useful as electrodes in a flow-through capacitor. The material comprises electrodes formed from fibrillated fine fibers, conductive carbon particles and a small amount of a polymeric binder. The method includes admixing the materials, fibrillating the polymers, and extruding the material to electrode forms.

Abstract translation: 用作流通电容器中的电极的高拉伸强度，碳氟化合物导电的颗粒粘合剂材料。 该材料包括由原纤化细纤维，导电碳颗粒和少量聚合物粘合剂形成的电极。 该方法包括混合材料，使聚合物原纤化，并将材料挤压成电极形式。