摘要:
Methods are provided for oligomerizing a dilute ethylene feed to form oligomers suitable for use as fuels and/or lubricant base oils. The fuels and/or lubricant base oils are formed by oligomerization of impure dilute ethylene with a zeolitic catalyst, where the zeolitic catalyst is resistant to the presence of poisons such as sulfur and nitrogen in the ethylene feed. The oligomers can also be formed in presence of diluents such as light paraffins.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for processing a feed derived from a biomass source that contains nitrogen in the form of fatty amides, e.g., derived from hydrothermal processing of a biomass source feed, while reducing/minimizing the amount of heteroatom removal performed during subsequent/concurrent hydroprocessing. Optionally, the feed can also contain free fatty acids. This is accomplished in part by first exposing the feed to a catalyst comprising a rare earth oxide, alkali oxide, and/or alkaline earth oxide, which can remove the nitrogen heteroatoms from the compounds within the feed or can convert the nitrogen to a form readily removed in subsequent hydroprocessing. The catalyst may also suitable for catalyzing coupling (such as condensation) or conversion reactions of amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid derivatives, and/or other molecules in the feed suitable for participating in the coupling reaction.
摘要:
Separated volumes can be created in a reactor using interior dividing wall or interior conduit structures. Feedstocks can be hydroprocessed in the separated volumes to allow multiple types of hydroprocessing conditions and/or feeds to be processed in a single reactor. The feedstocks can remain separate for the entire volume of the reactor, or the dividing barrier can end at some intermediate point in the reactor.
摘要:
This invention relates to a method for processing oxygenated hydrocarbons to form a hydroisomerized and/or dewaxed hydrocarbon product having a reduced oxygen content, an increased iso-paraffin content, a low n-paraffin content, and good cold flow properties. Advantageously, the method can utilize a zeolitic base catalyst, optionally but preferably containing at least one activated metal component, and a hydrothermally-stable binder such as titania.
摘要:
The preparation of Group II and Group III lube base oils wherein liquid-continuous hydrotreating is used to treat a lube oil raffinate. The hydrotreated lube oil raffinate is then sent to a dewaxing stage that can be either a solvent or catalytic dewaxing stage.
摘要:
A process for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of the multiple condensed ring heterocyclic organosulfur compounds and the ring opening of ring compounds present in petroleum and petrochemical streams. The process is conducted in the presence of hydrogen, one or more noble metal catalysts, and a hydrogen sulfide sorbent material.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method of removing sulfur from a hydrotreating process stream comprising contacting a sulfur containing feedstock with a stacked bed catalyst system comprising a first catalyst bed comprising hydrodesulfurization catalysts followed by a second catalyst bed comprising ruthenium sulfide having a surface area of at least about 30 m.sup.2 /g and wherein said hydrodesulfurization process is conducted at a temperature of about 150.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C. and a pressure of about 50 psig (344.74 kPa) to about 2500 psig (17236.89 kPa).
摘要:
Methods are provided for producing multiple lubricating oil basestocks from a feedstock. Prior to dewaxing, various fractions of the feedstock are exposed to hydrocracking conditions of different severity to produce a higher overall yield of basestocks. The hydrocracking conditions of different severity can represent exposing fractions of a feedstock to different processing conditions, exposing fractions of a feedstock to different amounts of hydrocracking catalyst, or a combination thereof.
摘要:
Methods are provided for improving the yield of distillate products from hydroprocessing of gas oil feedstocks, such as vacuum gas oils. It has been unexpectedly found that stripping of gases or fractionation to separate out a distillate fraction during initial hydrotreatment of a feed can provide a substantial increase in distillate yield at a desired amount of feedstock conversion. The improvement in yield of distillate products can allow a desired level of conversion to be performed on a feedstock for generating lubricating base oil products while reducing or minimizing the amount of naphtha (or lower) boiling range products. Alternatively, the improvement in yield of distillate products can correspond to an improved yield during a single pass through a reaction system, so that distillate yield is increased even though a lubricant boiling range product is not generated.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for performing field enhanced separations on a feed, such as a petroleum feed, a refinery feed, or another type of hydrocarbonaceous feed. The system can allow for increased throughput of feed per volume of the separation device or system while performing a desired amount of field enhanced separation. The field enhanced separation can include separation by thermal diffusion, optionally enhanced by the presence of an electric field in the channel for performing the separation by thermal diffusion.