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    Method of treating melodorous gases of a pulp mill
    1.
    发明授权
    Method of treating melodorous gases of a pulp mill 有权
    处理纸浆厂的旋律气体的方法

    公开(公告)号：US6030494A

    公开(公告)日：2000-02-29

    申请号：US145971

    申请日：1998-09-03

    申请人： Mikko Hupa ,  Erkki Kiiskila

    发明人： Mikko Hupa ,  Erkki Kiiskila

    IPC分类号： B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/58 ,  F23G7/06 ,  F23J15/00

    CPC分类号： B01D53/48 ,  B01D53/58 ,  F23G7/06 ,  F23J15/00 ,  F23J2215/10

    摘要： A method is provided for reducing emissions of harmful nitrogen compounds from a pulp mill (e.g. kraft mill) having malodorous gases which include ammonia and reduced sulphur compounds therein. The method is practiced by (a) treating the pulp mill malodorous gases to lower the ammonia content thereof (e.g. by washing them with a bisulfite solution, such as one produced from washing flue gases with sodium sulphite), and then (b) burning the malodorous gases (e.g. in a dedicated incinerator, recovery boiler, power boiler, or lime kiln) under conditions which effect oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds therein (e.g. with an air excess of at least about 3% and a temperature of over 800 degrees C) so as to reduce odor emissions and emissions of harmful nitrogen compounds from the pulp mill. In the method (a) and (b) may be practiced using malodorous gas from a steam stripper as part of the malodorous gases treated, and the operating conditions, including the pH, of the stream stripper may be regulated in order to reduce the ammonia content of the clean condensate it produces.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种从具有恶臭气体的纸浆厂（如牛皮纸浆厂）中减少有害氮化合物排放的方法，其中包括氨和还原硫化合物。 该方法的实施方式是（a）处理纸浆厂恶臭气体以降低其氨含量（例如通过用亚硫酸氢钠洗涤烟气制备的亚硫酸氢盐溶液洗涤），然后（b）将 恶臭气体（例如在专用焚化炉，回收锅炉，动力锅炉或石灰窑）中，在其中还原的硫化合物的氧化作用的条件下（例如，空气过剩至少约3％，温度超过800摄氏度） 以减少来自纸浆厂的气味排放和有害氮化合物的排放。 在方法（a）和（b）中可以使用来自蒸汽汽提器的恶臭气体作为所处理的恶臭气体的一部分来实施，并且可以调节流动汽提器的操作条件，包括pH，以便减少氨 其产生的干净的冷凝水的内容。

    Method for Reducing Nitrogen Oxide Emissions
    2.
    发明申请
    Method for Reducing Nitrogen Oxide Emissions 失效
    减少氮氧化物排放的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070231231A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-04

    申请号：US11628009

    申请日：2005-06-02

    申请人： Edgardo Coda Zabetta ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Kari Saviharju

    发明人： Edgardo Coda Zabetta ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Kari Saviharju

    IPC分类号： B01D53/56

    CPC分类号： D21C11/122 ,  B01D53/56 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2900/06041 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23J7/00

    摘要： The present invention relates to a method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions in combustion. Fuel is combusted in a first zone, whereby nitrogen oxides are generated. Supplementary fuel is fed in another zone under reducing conditions. At the same time, the temperature is adjusted so that nitrogen oxides convert essentially to hydrogen cyanide. Finally, air is fed in for finalizing the combustion and converting the hydrogen cyanide into nitrogen.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种减少燃烧中氮氧化物排放的方法。 燃料在第一区域燃烧，由此产生氮氧化物。 补充燃料在还原条件下进入另一个区域。 同时，调节温度使氮氧化物基本上转化为氰化氢。 最后，送入空气以完成燃烧并将氰化氢转化成氮气。

    Biabsorbable implant having a varying characteristic
    3.
    发明申请
    Biabsorbable implant having a varying characteristic 审中-公开
    具有变化特性的可吸收植入物

    公开(公告)号：US20060280775A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-14

    申请号：US11451749

    申请日：2006-06-12

    申请人： Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Pertti Tormala ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Heimo Ylanen

    发明人： Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Pertti Tormala ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Heimo Ylanen

    IPC分类号： A61F2/06

    CPC分类号： A61L27/44 ,  A61L27/56 ,  A61L27/58

    摘要： A bioabsorbable implant or its part consists of a structure having a varying characteristic in at least in one direction defining a gradient corresponding this characteristic. The structure comprises bioabsorbable polymer and another substance within or next to said bioabsorbable polymer. The structure is constituted of a wound or folded blank (1) having a direction of variation (L) of a characteristic (Ch) which is at least one of the following: concentration of the other substance, species of the other substance, type of the bioabsorbable polymer, or porosity (size of openings in the blank), said structure having a winding axis or fold lines substantially perpendicular to said direction of variation (L). This results in said varying characteristic in the structure in said at least one direction defining the gradient and traversing superposed layers formed of sections of the blank (1) that are successive in said direction of variation (L).

    摘要翻译： 生物可吸收植入物或其部分由至少在一个方向上具有变化特性的结构限定对应于该特征的梯度组成。 所述结构包含生物可吸收聚合物和在所述生物可吸收聚合物内或之下的另一种物质。 该结构由具有以下至少之一的特征（Ch）的变化方向（L）的卷绕或折叠坯料（1）构成：另一种物质的浓度，另一种物质的种类， 生物可吸收聚合物或孔隙率（坯料中的开口尺寸），所述结构具有基本垂直于所述变化方向（L）的卷绕轴线或折线。 这导致在所述至少一个方向上的所述结构中的所述变化特征限定了梯度并且横穿由坯料（1）的在所述变化方向（L）上连续的部分形成的叠置层。

    Porous medical device and method for its manufacture
    4.
    发明申请
    Porous medical device and method for its manufacture 有权
    多孔医疗器械及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070141111A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

    申请号：US10568890

    申请日：2004-08-20

    申请人： Esa Suokas ,  Pertti Tormala ,  Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Heimo Ylanen ,  Mikko Hupa

    发明人： Esa Suokas ,  Pertti Tormala ,  Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Heimo Ylanen ,  Mikko Hupa

    IPC分类号： A61K48/00 ,  B32B27/04

    CPC分类号： B32B5/26 ,  A61F2/28 ,  A61F2/3094 ,  A61F2/30965 ,  A61F2002/2817 ,  A61F2002/30062 ,  A61F2002/30065 ,  A61F2002/30677 ,  A61F2002/30678 ,  A61F2002/30914 ,  A61F2002/30915 ,  A61F2002/30971 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2210/0071 ,  A61F2310/00179 ,  A61F2310/00293 ,  A61L27/44 ,  A61L27/56 ,  A61L27/58 ,  B32B2255/02 ,  B32B2255/26 ,  B32B2262/105 ,  B32B2305/08 ,  B32B2556/00 ,  D02G3/448 ,  D04B1/14 ,  D04C1/06 ,  D10B2509/08 ,  Y10T442/2525

    摘要： Porous bioabsorbable, bioactive and load-bearing composite medical device structure includes a plurality of regular textile planar layers (1a, 1b . . . ) formed of continuous bioabsorbable polymer matrix and bioceramic fibers acting as reinforcements, both included in continuous fibrous elements (3) forming the textile layers. The layers are placed on top of each other to form a structure having two dimensions (x, y) at right angles to each other according to the two dimensions of the textile layer and a third dimension (z) perpendicular to them and resulting from the piling of the layers. A plurality of passages extend through the layers as a result of the openings (2) defined by portions of the continuous fibrous elements (3) extending substantially in the direction of the plane. The continuous fibrous elements (3) comprise both bioactive ceramic reinforcing fibers which form a reinforcing structure and a bioabsorbable polymer matrix material which forms a matrix which binds the layers together and also binds the portions of continuous fibers defining the openings together, thereby forming the passages and stiffening the structure. This bioactive and bioabsorbable composite structure is suitable to be used as a basic structure in medical devices, especially in osteochondral applications where the load-bearing properties of implant are required.

    摘要翻译： 多孔生物可吸收，生物活性和承载复合医疗装置结构包括由连续生物可吸收聚合物基质和作为增强剂的生物陶瓷纤维形成的多个规则的织物平面层（1a，1b ......），两者都包括在连续的纤维元素中 3）形成织物层。 这些层被放置在彼此的顶部上以根据织物层的两个尺寸和垂直于它们的第三尺寸（z）形成具有彼此成直角的两个尺寸（x，y）的结构，并由 堆积层。 由于由连续的纤维元件（3）的基本上沿平面方向延伸的部分限定的开口（2），多个通道延伸穿过层。 连续纤维元件（3）包括形成增强结构的生物活性陶瓷增强纤维和生物可吸收聚合物基质材料，其形成将层粘合在一起的基质，并且将限定开口的连续纤维的部分结合在一起，从而形成通道 并加强结构。 该生物活性和生物可吸收的复合结构适合用作医疗装置中的基本结构，特别是在需要植入物的承载性能的骨软骨应用中。

    Composition, use and manufacture of bioactive glass
    5.
    发明申请
    Composition, use and manufacture of bioactive glass 审中-公开
    生物活性玻璃的组成，使用和制造

    公开(公告)号：US20060166807A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-07-27

    申请号：US10530043

    申请日：2003-10-02

    申请人： Heimo Ylanen ,  Antti Yli-Urpo ,  Mikko Hupa

    发明人： Heimo Ylanen ,  Antti Yli-Urpo ,  Mikko Hupa

    IPC分类号： C03C3/078

    CPC分类号： C03C4/0007 ,  A61L27/10 ,  A61L27/30 ,  C03C3/097 ,  C03C11/00 ,  C03C12/00 ,  C03C13/00 ,  C03C14/00

    摘要： A bioactive glass composition which contains SiO2, Na2O, CaO, K2O, MgO, P2O5 and B2O3. The amount of SiO2 is 51-56 wt-% of the starting oxides, Na2O is 7-9 wt-% of the starting oxides, CaO is 21-23 wt-% of the starting oxides, K2O is 10-12 wt-% of the starting oxides, MgO is 1-4 wt-% of the starting oxides, P2O5 is 0.5-1.5 wt-% of the starting oxides, B2O3 is 0-1 wt-% of the starting oxides, provided that the total amount of Na2O and K2O is 17-20 wt-% of the starting oxides. Also disclosed is the manufacture and use of the bioactive glass composition.

    摘要翻译： 含有SiO 2，Na 2 O，CaO，K 2 O，MgO，P 2 O 2的生物活性玻璃组合物 5 O 3和B 2 O 3 3。 SiO 2的量为起始氧化物的51-56重量％，Na 2 O 2为起始氧化物的7-9重量％，CaO为21重量％ 23重量％的起始氧化物，K 2 O 2为起始氧化物的10-12重量％，MgO为起始氧化物的1-4重量％，P < O 2 O 3为起始氧化物的0.5-1.5重量％，B 2 O 3 3为0-1重量％的0-1重量％ 起始氧化物，条件是Na 2 O 2和K 2 O 2的总量为起始氧化物的17-20重量％。 还公开了生物活性玻璃组合物的制造和使用。

    Method for reducing emissions when burning nitrogen containing fuels
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for reducing emissions when burning nitrogen containing fuels 失效
    燃烧含氮燃料时减少排放的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5378443A

    公开(公告)日：1995-01-03

    申请号：US808461

    申请日：1992-01-03

    申请人： Folke Engstrom ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Ragnar G. Lundqvist ,  Yam Y. Lee

    发明人： Folke Engstrom ,  Mikko Hupa ,  Ragnar G. Lundqvist ,  Yam Y. Lee

    IPC分类号： B01J23/755 ,  B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/86 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J27/232 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10L10/06 ,  F23C10/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/16 ,  F23C13/00 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23J15/00 ,  F23J15/02 ,  B01J8/00

    CPC分类号： F23C10/16 ,  B01D53/508 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/8628 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23J2215/101 ,  F23J2215/20 ,  F23J2215/60 ,  F23J2219/10 ,  F23J2219/60 ,  Y02C20/10

    摘要： The amount of N.sub.2 O in flue gases discharged from a fluidized bed combustion system is minimized by adding an N.sub.2 O decomposing catalyst in a reactor stage downstream of the combustor. The catalyst preferably is a calcium based sorbent, such as CaO or or limestone, although NiO and other catalysts also may be utilized. Typically, the N.sub.2 O decomposition takes place without increasing the temperature of the flue gases above the 700.degree.-1000.degree. C. level that exists combustor. However, under some circumstances, if a second fluidized bed is provided as the reactor stage, additional fuel and oxygen can be added to increase the temperature of the flue gases to insure that it is over 800.degree. C. After N.sub.2 O decomposition, the flue gases may be passed through pressurized filter tubes, or through a superheater, economizer, air preheater, optional cyclone separator, and baghouse filter. A cyclone separator is preferably provided between the combustor and reactor stage, and the removed particles are recirculated to the combustor. Removal of particles, including unused sorbent, after the reactor stage also preferably takes place, with recycle to the reactor stage (if a fluidized bed stage) and/or to the combustor.

    摘要翻译： 通过在燃烧器下游的反应器阶段添加N 2 O分解催化剂，使从流化床燃烧系统排出的烟道气中的N 2 O的量最小化。 催化剂优选为钙基吸附剂，例如CaO或石灰石，尽管也可以使用NiO和其它催化剂。 通常，N2O分解发生在不增加烟气温度高于存在燃烧器的700℃-1000℃的水平。 然而，在某些情况下，如果提供第二流化床作为反应器阶段，则可以加入额外的燃料和氧气以增加烟气的温度以确保其超过800℃。在N 2 O分解之后，烟道气 可以通过加压过滤管，或通过过热器，节能器，空气预热器，可选的旋风分离器和袋式过滤器。 旋风分离器优选地设置在燃烧器和反应器台之间，并且将去除的颗粒再循环到燃烧器。 在反应器阶段之后还优选发生包括未使用的吸附剂的颗粒，再循环到反应器阶段（如果是流化床阶段）和/或到燃烧器。

    Porous medical device and method for its manufacture
    8.
    发明授权
    Porous medical device and method for its manufacture 有权
    多孔医疗器械及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US07964206B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-21

    申请号：US10568890

    申请日：2004-08-20

    申请人： Esa Suokas ,  Pertti Törmälä ,  Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Heimo Ylänen ,  Mikko Hupa

    发明人： Esa Suokas ,  Pertti Törmälä ,  Nureddin Ashammakhi ,  Heimo Ylänen ,  Mikko Hupa

    IPC分类号： A61K48/00 ,  B32B27/04

    CPC分类号： B32B5/26 ,  A61F2/28 ,  A61F2/3094 ,  A61F2/30965 ,  A61F2002/2817 ,  A61F2002/30062 ,  A61F2002/30065 ,  A61F2002/30677 ,  A61F2002/30678 ,  A61F2002/30914 ,  A61F2002/30915 ,  A61F2002/30971 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2210/0071 ,  A61F2310/00179 ,  A61F2310/00293 ,  A61L27/44 ,  A61L27/56 ,  A61L27/58 ,  B32B2255/02 ,  B32B2255/26 ,  B32B2262/105 ,  B32B2305/08 ,  B32B2556/00 ,  D02G3/448 ,  D04B1/14 ,  D04C1/06 ,  D10B2509/08 ,  Y10T442/2525

    摘要： Porous bioabsorbable, bioactive and load-bearing composite medical device structure includes a plurality of regular textile planar layers (1a, 1b . . . ) formed of continuous bioabsorbable polymer matrix and bioceramic fibers acting as reinforcements, both included in continuous fibrous elements (3) forming the textile layers. The layers are placed on top of each other to form a structure having two dimensions (x, y) at right angles to each other according to the two dimensions of the textile layer and a third dimension (z) perpendicular to them and resulting from the piling of the layers. A plurality of passages extend through the layers as a result of the openings (2) defined by portions of the continuous fibrous elements (3) extending substantially in the direction of the plane. The continuous fibrous elements (3) comprise both bioactive ceramic reinforcing fibers which form a reinforcing structure and a bioabsorbable polymer matrix material which forms a matrix which binds the layers together and also binds the portions of continuous fibers defining the openings together, thereby forming the passages and stiffening the structure. This bioactive and bioabsorbable composite structure is suitable to be used as a basic structure in medical devices, especially in osteochondral applications where the load-bearing properties of implant are required.

    摘要翻译： 多孔生物可吸收，生物活性和承载复合医疗器械结构包括由连续生物可吸收聚合物基质和作为增强剂的生物陶瓷纤维形成的多个规则织物平面层（1a，1b ...），两者均包括在连续纤维元件（3）中， 形成织物层。 这些层被放置在彼此的顶部上以根据织物层的两个尺寸和垂直于它们的第三尺寸（z）形成具有彼此成直角的两个尺寸（x，y）的结构，并由 堆积层。 由于由连续的纤维元件（3）的基本上沿平面方向延伸的部分限定的开口（2），多个通道延伸穿过层。 连续纤维元件（3）包括形成增强结构的生物活性陶瓷增强纤维和生物可吸收聚合物基质材料，其形成将层粘合在一起的基质，并且将限定开口的连续纤维的部分结合在一起，从而形成通道 并加强结构。 该生物活性和生物可吸收的复合结构适合用作医疗装置中的基本结构，特别是在需要植入物的承载性能的骨软骨应用中。