摘要:
A photon detector capable of detecting gigahertz frequency optical signals utilizes a layer of photonic material that is formed adjacent to the coil of an inductor. When a pulsed light source is applied to the layer of photonic material, the photonic material generates eddy currents that alter the magnetic flux of the inductor. The signals can then be detected by detecting the change in the magnetic flux.
摘要:
A MOS transistor and subsurface collectors can be formed by using a hard mask and precisely varying the implant angle, rotation, dose, and energy. In this case, a particular atomic species can be placed volumetrically in a required location under the hard mask. The dopant can be implanted to form sub-silicon volumes of arbitrary shapes, such as pipes, volumes, hemispheres, and interconnects.
摘要:
In an ESD protection structure, dual direction ESD protection is provided by forming an n-well isolation ring around an NMOS device so that the p-well in which the NMOS drain is formed is isolated from the underlying p-substrate by the n-well isolation ring. By forming the n-well isolation ring the p-n-p-n structure of an embedded SCR for reverse ESD protection is provided. The width of the n-well isolation ring and its spacing from the NMOS drain are adjusted to provide the desired SCR parameters.
摘要:
The integration period of an imaging cell, or the time that an imaging cell is exposed to light energy, is substantially increased by utilizing a single-poly, electrically-programmable, read-only-memory (EPROM) structure to capture the light energy. Photogenerated electrons are formed in the channel region of the EPROM structure from the light energy. The photogenerated electrons are then accelerated into having ionizing collisions which, in turn, leads to electrons being injected onto the floating gate of the EPROM structure at a rate that is proportionate to the number of photons captured by the channel region.
摘要:
An integrated circuit is powered by exposing conductive regions, such as the p+ source regions of the PMOS transistors that are formed to receive a supply voltage, to light energy from a light source. The conductive regions function as photodiodes that produce voltages on the conductive regions via the photovoltaic effect.
摘要:
NVM cell for storing three levels of charge: one erased and two programmed states. The cell comprises a transistor structure providing a gate current versus gate voltage curve having a shape with a flat region or a second peak. To provide such a structure, one embodiment combines two parallel transistors having different threshold voltages, and another embodiment uses one transistor with variable doping. The gate current curve provides two programming zones. Programming the first state includes applying a voltage across a channel, ramping up a gate voltage in the first programming zone, followed by ramping it back down. Programming the second state comprises applying a voltage across a channel, ramping up a gate voltage past the first programming zone and into the second programming zone, followed by ramping it back down. Ramping the voltage back down may optionally be preceded by turning off the voltage across the channel.
摘要:
The image capture period of an imaging cell, or the total time that an imaging cell is exposed to light energy, is substantially increased by utilizing a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as an electrically-erasable, programmable, read-only-memory (EEPROM) structure. The NVM structure stores and integrates charges that are proportional to the absorbed photons over a large number of sequential integration periods.
摘要:
The integration period of an imaging cell, or the time that an imaging cell is exposed to light energy, is substantially increased by utilizing a single-poly, electrically-programmable, read-only-memory (EPROM) structure to capture the light energy. Photogenerated electrons are formed in the channel region of the EPROM structure from the light energy. The photogenerated electrons are then accelerated into having ionizing collisions which, in turn, leads to electrons being injected onto the floating gate of the EPROM structure at a rate that is proportionate to the number of photons captured by the channel region.
摘要:
A photodiode comprises a first terminal formed in a surface of a semiconductor substrate; a second terminal formed in the substrate surface and spaced apart from the first terminal; and a plurality of adjacent alternating N-type and P-type diffusion regions formed in the substrate surface between the first terminal and the second terminal.
摘要:
Methods and structures provide galvanic isolation for electrical systems using a wide oxide filled trench, and that allows power across the system divide with a transformer, and that transmits data at a high baud rate using an optical link. The system solution allows the integration of all of these elements onto a single semiconductor substrate in contrast to currently available galvanic isolation systems that require multiple individual silicon die that are connected by wire bonds and are relatively slow.