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    Charging and capture of particles in coronas irradiated by in-situ X-rays
    1.
    发明授权
    Charging and capture of particles in coronas irradiated by in-situ X-rays 有权
    由原位X射线照射的冠状体中的颗粒的充电和捕获

    公开(公告)号：US06861036B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-01

    申请号：US10237268

    申请日：2002-08-30

    申请人： Pratim Biswas ,  Norikazu Namiki ,  Pramod Kulkarni

    发明人： Pratim Biswas ,  Norikazu Namiki ,  Pramod Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  G21K5/02

    CPC分类号： B01J19/125 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0841 ,  B01J2219/0849 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0886 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  G21K5/02

    摘要： An improved method for charging ultrafine particles in coronas (e.g., unipolar or bipolar corona discharges) by exposing the particles to X-ray irradiation. Experimental tests have verified that positive corona in the presence of X-ray irradiation results in maximum or optimum charging efficiency, followed by a negative corona in the presence of X-ray irradiation, X-ray radiation only (without corona), negative corona only (without X-ray irradiation), and finally positive corona only (without X-ray irradiation). This method and system is particularly well suited for use with bioaerosol particles wherein exposure to the corona discharge and X-ray irradiation serves to both capture and inactivate the bioaerosol particles using a single device.

    摘要翻译： 通过将颗粒暴露于X射线照射来改善冠状体中超细颗粒（例如单极或双极电晕放电）的方法。 实验测试已经证实，在存在X射线照射的情况下，正电晕导致最大或最佳的充电效率，随后在存在X射线照射，只有X射线辐射（无电晕），仅负电晕 （没有X射线照射），最后只有正电晕（没有X射线照射）。 该方法和系统特别适用于生物气溶胶颗粒，其中暴露于电晕放电和X射线照射用于使用单个装置捕获和灭活生物气溶胶颗粒。

    SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURED PHOTOACTIVE FILMS WITH CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY BY A FLAME AEROSOL REACTOR
    4.
    发明申请
    SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURED PHOTOACTIVE FILMS WITH CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY BY A FLAME AEROSOL REACTOR 审中-公开
    通过火焰气溶胶反应器合成具有受控形态的纳米结构的光致膜

    公开(公告)号：US20100307593A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

    申请号：US12675941

    申请日：2008-08-27

    申请人： Elijah James Thimsen ,  Pratim Biswas

    发明人： Elijah James Thimsen ,  Pratim Biswas

    IPC分类号： H01L31/0256 ,  H01L31/00 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C23C4/08

    CPC分类号： C25B9/06 ,  B01J21/063 ,  B01J35/06 ,  B01J37/349 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25B1/003 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B11/02 ,  H01G9/2031 ,  H01L31/032 ,  H01L31/0324 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/03529 ,  H01L31/068 ,  Y02E10/542 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02E70/10

    摘要： An improved process for the preparation of nanostructured metal species-based films in a flame aerosol reactor is provided. The process comprises combusting vaporized metal precursor, vaporized fuel and vaporized oxidizer streams to form metal species-based nanoparticles in a flame that are deposited onto a temperature controlled support surface and sintered to form the metal species-based nanostructured film. Improved nanostructured photo-watersplitting cells having a sunlight to hydrogen conversion efficiency of from about 10% to about 15%, dye sensitized solar cells having a sunlight to electricity conversion efficiency of from about 10% to about 20%, and nanostructured p/n junction solar cells having a sunlight to electricity conversion of from about 10% to about 20% are provided. Each cell type comprises a nanostructured metal oxide film having continuous individual columnar structures having an average width (w) and grain size criterion (X3) wherein w/10 is greater than X3.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在火焰气溶胶反应器中制备纳米结构金属物质基膜的改进方法。 该方法包括将蒸发的金属前体，汽化燃料和蒸发的氧化剂流燃烧，以在火焰中形成金属物质基纳米颗粒，该火焰沉积在受温度控制的支撑表面上并烧结以形成基于金属物质的纳米结构膜。 具有约10％至约15％的阳光对氢转化效率的改进的纳米结构光水分裂细胞，具有约10％至约20％的太阳光转换效率的染料敏化太阳能电池和纳米结构的p / n结 提供了具有约10％至约20％的太阳光转化率的太阳能电池。 每种电池类型包括具有连续的单独柱状结构的纳米结构金属氧化物膜，其平均宽度（w）和晶粒尺寸标准（X3），其中w / 10大于X3。

    Process for the enhanced capture of heavy metal emissions
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for the enhanced capture of heavy metal emissions 失效
    加强捕获重金属排放的过程

    公开(公告)号：US06248217B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-19

    申请号：US09056952

    申请日：1998-04-08

    申请人： Pratim Biswas ,  Chang-Yu Wu

    发明人： Pratim Biswas ,  Chang-Yu Wu

    IPC分类号： C07C100

    CPC分类号： B01D53/007 ,  B01D53/02 ,  C22B43/00

    摘要： This invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent-metal complex. The process includes oxidizing a sorbent precursor and contacting the sorbent precursor with a metallic species. The process further includes chemically reacting the sorbent precursor and the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. In one particular aspect of the invention, at least a portion of the sorbent precursor is transformed into sorbent particles during the oxidation step. These sorbent particles then are contacted with the metallic species and chemically reacted with the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent metal complex in a combustion system. The process includes introducing a sorbent precursor into a combustion system and subjecting the sorbent precursor to an elevated temperature sufficient to oxidize the sorbent precursor and transform the sorbent precursor into sorbent particles. The process further includes contacting the sorbent particles with a metallic species and exposing the sorbent particles and the metallic species to a complex-forming temperature whereby the metallic species reacts with the sorbent particles thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex under UV irradiation.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种形成吸附剂 - 金属络合物的方法。 该方法包括氧化吸附剂前体并使吸附剂前体与金属物质接触。 该方法还包括使吸附剂前体与金属物质化学反应，从而形成吸附剂 - 金属络合物。 在本发明的一个特定方面，在氧化步骤期间，至少一部分吸附剂前体被转化成吸附剂颗粒。 然后这些吸附剂颗粒与金属物质接触并与金属物质发生化学反应，从而形成吸附剂 - 金属络合物。 本发明的另一方面涉及在燃烧系统中形成吸附剂金属络合物的方法。 该方法包括将吸附剂前体引入燃烧系统中并使吸附剂前体经受足以氧化吸附剂前体并将吸附剂前体转化为吸附剂颗粒的升高温度。 该方法还包括使吸附剂颗粒与金属物质接触并将吸附剂颗粒和金属物质暴露于复合物形成温度，由此金属物质与吸附剂颗粒反应，从而在UV照射下形成吸附剂 - 金属络合物。