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    Methods and systems for detection of ice formation on surfaces
    1.
    发明授权
    Methods and systems for detection of ice formation on surfaces 有权
    用于检测表面冰层的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07312713B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-12-25

    申请号：US11303190

    申请日：2005-12-15

    申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Henry Sztul ,  Yury Budansky

    发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Henry Sztul ,  Yury Budansky

    IPC分类号： G08B19/02

    CPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  G08B19/02

    摘要： A system for detecting ice formation on metal, painted metal and other material surfaces can include a transparent window having an exterior surface upon which ice can form; a light source and optics configured and arranged to illuminate the exterior surface of the window from behind the exterior surface; and a detector and optics configured and arranged to receive light backscattered by the exterior surface and any ice disposed on the exterior surface and determine the thickness of the ice layer. For example, the system can be used with aircraft by placing one or more windows in the wings of the aircraft. The system is used for a novel optical method for real-time on-board detection and warning of ice formation on surfaces of airplanes, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and other vehicles and stationary structures to improve their safety and operation.

    摘要翻译： 用于检测金属，涂漆金属和其他材料表面上的冰的系统可以包括具有外部表面的透明窗口，冰面可以在其上形成; 光源和光学构造和布置成从外表面后面照亮窗户的外表面; 以及配置和布置成接收由外表面反向散射的光和设置在外表面上的任何冰的检测器和光学器件，并且确定冰层的厚度。 例如，该系统可以与飞机一起使用，将一个或多个窗口放置在飞行器的机翼中。 该系统用于飞机，无人机（UAV），其他车辆和固定式结构表面实时车载检测和警告冰面的新型光学方法，以提高其安全性和运行性。

    METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTION OF ICE FORMATION ON SURFACES
    2.
    发明申请
    METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTION OF ICE FORMATION ON SURFACES 有权
    用于检测表面上冰块形成的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20070216536A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-20

    申请号：US11303190

    申请日：2005-12-15

    申请人： Robert Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Henry Sztul ,  Yury Budansky

    发明人： Robert Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Henry Sztul ,  Yury Budansky

    IPC分类号： G08B19/02

    CPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  G08B19/02

    摘要： A system for detecting ice formation on metal, painted metal and other material surfaces can include a transparent window having an exterior surface upon which ice can form; a light source and optics configured and arranged to illuminate the exterior surface of the window from behind the exterior surface; and a detector and optics configured and arranged to receive light backscattered by the exterior surface and any ice disposed on the exterior surface and determine the thickness of the ice layer. For example, the system can be used with aircraft by placing one or more windows in the wings of the aircraft. The system is used for a novel optical method for real-time on-board detection and warning of ice formation on surfaces of airplanes, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and other vehicles and stationary structures to improve their safety and operation.

    摘要翻译： 用于检测金属，涂漆金属和其他材料表面上的冰的系统可以包括具有外部表面的透明窗口，冰面可以在其上形成; 光源和光学构造和布置成从外表面后面照亮窗户的外表面; 以及配置和布置成接收由外表面反向散射的光和设置在外表面上的任何冰的检测器和光学器件，并且确定冰层的厚度。 例如，该系统可以与飞机一起使用，将一个或多个窗口放置在飞行器的机翼中。 该系统用于飞机，无人机（UAV），其他车辆和固定式结构表面实时车载检测和警告冰面的新型光学方法，以提高其安全性和运行性。

    NEAR INFRARED PHOTONIC PROSTATOSCOPY ANALYZER
    3.
    发明申请
    NEAR INFRARED PHOTONIC PROSTATOSCOPY ANALYZER 审中-公开
    近红外光子显微镜分析仪

    公开(公告)号：US20150320319A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-11-12

    申请号：US14710222

    申请日：2015-05-12

    申请人： ROBERT R. ALFANO ,  Wubao Wang ,  Yang Pu ,  Yury Budansky ,  Laura Sordillo ,  Guichen Tang ,  James Eastham

    发明人： ROBERT R. ALFANO ,  Wubao Wang ,  Yang Pu ,  Yury Budansky ,  Laura Sordillo ,  Guichen Tang ,  James Eastham

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B1/00 ,  A61B1/31

    CPC分类号： A61B5/4381 ,  A61B1/00142 ,  A61B1/00165 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B1/31 ,  A61B5/0062 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0086

    摘要： A rectal near infrared (NIR) scanning polarization imaging system uses NIR Photonic Prostatoscopy Analyzer (NIRPPA) for prostate cancer detection using light. The NIRPPA consists of a portable rectal NIR scanning polarization imaging unit and an optical fiber-based rectal probe capable of recording sets of 2D images of a prostate through rectum at different wavelengths and depths and obtaining a three dimensional (3D) image of the prostate and 3D locations of abnormal tissue inside the prostate. Diode lasers/light emission diodes (LEDs) with selected emitting wavelengths are used in the NIR spectral range from 650 nm to 2,400 nm corresponding to the four tissue optical windows (#I, 650 nm-950 nm; #II, 1,100 nm-1,350 nm; #III, 1,600 nm-1,870 nm; and #IV, 2,100 nm-2,300 nm). The fingerprint absorptions of water (H2O), Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) in the prostate are used as native biomarkers for prostate cancer detection.

    摘要翻译： 直肠近红外（NIR）扫描偏振成像系统使用NIR光子预分析仪（NIRPPA）进行前列腺癌检测。 NIRPPA包括便携式直肠近红外扫描偏振成像单元和基于光纤的直肠探针，其能够通过不同波长和深度的直肠记录前列腺的2D图像，并获得前列腺的三维（3D）图像， 前列腺内异常组织的3D位置。 具有选定发射波长的二极管激光器/发光二极管（LED）用于对应于四个组织光学窗口（＃I，650nm-950nm;＃II,1,100nm-1,350）的650nm至2,400nm的NIR光谱范围 nm;＃III，1,600nm-1,870nm;和#IV，2100nm-2,300nm）。 前列腺中水（H2O），氧血红蛋白（HbO2）和脱氧血红蛋白（Hb）的指纹吸收被用作前列腺癌检测的天然生物标志物。

    Near infrared photonic prostatoscopy analyzer
    5.
    发明授权
    Near infrared photonic prostatoscopy analyzer 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10362983B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-07-30

    申请号：US14710222

    申请日：2015-05-12

    申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Yang Pu ,  Yury Budansky ,  Laura Sordillo ,  Guichen Tang ,  James Eastham

    发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wubao Wang ,  Yang Pu ,  Yury Budansky ,  Laura Sordillo ,  Guichen Tang ,  James Eastham

    IPC分类号： A61B1/00 ,  A61B1/31 ,  A61B5/00

    摘要： A rectal near infrared (NIR) scanning polarization imaging system uses NIR Photonic Prostatoscopy Analyzer (NIRPPA) for prostate cancer detection using light. The NIRPPA consists of a portable rectal NIR scanning polarization imaging unit and an optical fiber-based rectal probe capable of recording sets of 2D images of a prostate through rectum at different wavelengths and depths and obtaining a three dimensional (3D) image of the prostate and 3D locations of abnormal tissue inside the prostate. Diode lasers/light emission diodes (LEDs) with selected emitting wavelengths are used in the NIR spectral range from 650 nm to 2,400 nm corresponding to the four tissue optical windows (#I, 650 nm-950 nm; #II, 1,100 nm-1,350 nm; #III, 1,600 nm-1,870 nm; and #IV, 2,100 nm-2,300 nm). The fingerprint absorptions of water (H2O), Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) in the prostate are used as native biomarkers for prostate cancer detection.

    Method for determining if tissue is malignant as opposed to non-malignant using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for determining if tissue is malignant as opposed to non-malignant using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 失效
    使用时间分辨荧光光谱法确定组织是否恶性的方法与非恶性肿瘤相反

    公开(公告)号：US5348018A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-20

    申请号：US797723

    申请日：1991-11-25

    申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Asima Pradhan ,  Guichen C. Tang ,  Leming Wang ,  Yury Budansky ,  Bidyut Baran Das

    发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Asima Pradhan ,  Guichen C. Tang ,  Leming Wang ,  Yury Budansky ,  Bidyut Baran Das

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  B23K26/06 ,  G01N21/64 ,  A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： G01N21/6486 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  B23K26/0624 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  G01N2021/6417

    摘要： A method for determining if tissue is malignant as opposed to non-malignant (i.e., benign tumor tissue, benign tissue, or normal tissue), In one embodiment, the method comprises irradiating a human breast tissue sample with light at a wavelength of about 310 nm and measuring the time-resolved fluorescence emitted therefrom at about 340 nm. The time-resolved fluorescence profile is then compared to similar profiles obtained from known malignant and non-malignant human breast tissues. By fitting the profiles to the formula I(t)=A.sub.1 e(-t/.tau..sub.1)+A.sub.2 e(-t/.tau..sub.2) one can quantify the differences between tissues of various conditions. For example, non-malignant human breast tissues exhibit a slow component (.tau..sub.2) which is less than 1.6 ns whereas malignant human breast tissues exhibit a slow component (.tau..sub.2) which is greater than 1.6 ns. In addition, non-malignant human breast tissues exhibit a ratio of fast to slow amplitudes (A.sub.1 /A.sub.2) which is greater than 0.85 whereas malignant human breast tissues exhibit a ratio of fast to slow amplitudes (A.sub.1 /A.sub.2) which is less than 0.6. This technique can be used with different excitation and/or emission wavelengths, and can be applied to the detection of malignancies (or other abnormal states) in tissues other than human breast tissue.

    摘要翻译： 与非恶性（即，良性肿瘤组织，良性组织或正常组织）相反，用于确定组织是否为恶性的方法。在一个实施方案中，该方法包括用约310的波长的光照射人乳房组织样品 并测量在约340nm处从其发射的时间分辨荧光。 然后将时间分辨的荧光图谱与从已知的恶性和非恶性人乳腺组织获得的相似特征进行比较。 通过拟合公式I（t）= A1e（-t / tau1）+ A2e（-t / tau2），可以量化各种条件的组织之间的差异。 例如，非恶性人乳腺组织表现出小于1.6ns的缓慢成分（tau 2），而恶性人乳腺组织表现出大于1.6ns的缓慢成分（tau 2）。 此外，非恶性人乳腺组织表现出快于慢振幅（A1 / A2）的比值大于0.85，而恶性人乳腺组织表现出快于慢振幅（A1 / A2）的比值小于0.6 。 该技术可以用于不同的激发和/或发射波长，并且可以应用于除人乳腺组织以外的组织中的恶性肿瘤（或其他异常状态）的检测。

    SHG autocorrelator
    8.
    发明授权
    SHG autocorrelator 失效
    SHG自相关器

    公开(公告)号：US4973160A

    公开(公告)日：1990-11-27

    申请号：US334029

    申请日：1989-04-06

    申请人： Yoshihiro Takiguchi ,  Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

    发明人： Yoshihiro Takiguchi ,  Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

    IPC分类号： G01J9/02 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01N21/63

    CPC分类号： G01J11/00 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/636

    摘要： An SHG autocorrelator for use in measuring the duration of an ultrashort pulse of light includes in one embodiment a thin pellicle beamsplitter for splitting the pulse of light into first and second beams, a stationary optical delay disposed along the path of the first beam, a movable optical delay disposed along the path of the second beam, a thin SHG crystal, a concave mirror for bringing the first and second beams to focus into the SHG crystal, a photodetector for detecting light emitted from the SHG crystal, and a narrow bandpass filter in front of the photodetector for filtering out non second harmonic light. The device reduces time broadening and delay of ultrashort pulses in the femtosecond time domain.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量超短脉冲光持续时间的SHG自相关器包括在一个实施例中，用于将光脉冲分为第一和第二光束的薄薄膜分束器，沿第一光束路径设置的固定光学延迟， 沿着第二光束的路径设置的光学延迟，薄的SHG晶体，用于使第一和第二光束聚焦到SHG晶体中的凹面镜，用于检测从SHG晶体发射的光的光电检测器和窄带通滤波器 用于滤除非二次谐波光的光电检测器的前部。 该器件减少了飞秒时域中超短脉冲的时间拓宽和延迟。

    Spectral polarizing tomographic dermatoscope
    9.
    发明申请
    Spectral polarizing tomographic dermatoscope 审中-公开
    光谱偏振层析成像皮肤镜

    公开(公告)号：US20080132794A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-05

    申请号：US12011580

    申请日：2008-01-28

    申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky ,  Jingcheng Luo ,  Manuel E. Zevallos

    发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky ,  Jingcheng Luo ,  Manuel E. Zevallos

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0013 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/418 ,  A61B5/4331 ,  A61B5/443 ,  A61B5/444 ,  A61B5/445

    摘要： An apparatus for use in examining an object, such as skin, mucosa and cervical tissues for detecting cancer and precancerous conditions therein. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a gun-shaped housing having a handle portion and a barrel portion. The front end of the barrel portion is open, and a glass cover is mounted therein. LED's are disposed within the handle portion. A manually-operable switch for controlling actuation of the LED's is accessible on the handle portion. An optical fiber is used to transmit light from the LED's through a first polarizer in the barrel portion and then through the glass cover to illuminate a desired object. Reflected light from the object is passed through a second polarizer, which is adjustably mounted in the barrel portion and which is preferably oriented to pass depolarized light emitted from an illuminated object, and is then imaged by optics onto a CCD detector. The detector is coupled to a wireless transmitter that transmits the output from the detector to a remotely located wireless receiver.

    摘要翻译： 用于检查诸如皮肤，粘膜和子宫颈组织的物体以检测其中的癌症和癌前病症的装置。 在一个实施例中，该装置包括具有手柄部分和镜筒部分的枪形壳体。 筒部的前端开放，玻璃罩安装在其中。 LED设置在手柄部分内。 用于控制LED的致动的手动操作开关可在手柄部分上进行。 光纤用于通过筒部中的第一偏振器从LED透射光，然后通过玻璃盖照射所需物体。 来自物体的反射光穿过第二偏振器，第二偏振器可调节地安装在镜筒部分中，并且其优选地定向成使从被照射物体发射的去偏振光通过，然后通过光学器件被成像到CCD检测器上。 该检测器耦合到将检测器的输出传输到远程位置的无线接收器的无线发射器。

    Method and apparatus for in vivo examination of subcutaneous tissues inside an organ of a body using optical spectroscopy
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for in vivo examination of subcutaneous tissues inside an organ of a body using optical spectroscopy 失效
    使用光谱法体内检查身体器官内的皮下组织的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5983125A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

    申请号：US522827

    申请日：1995-09-01

    申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

    发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B10/00 ,  A61B10/02 ,  A61B19/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  A61B90/17 ,  A61B10/0233 ,  A61B5/0071

    摘要： Method and apparatus for examining subcutaneous tissues inside organs of the body. The method comprises the steps of (a) providing an optic probe positioning assembly comprising a solid needle and a hollow tube, the solid needle being sheathed inside the hollow tube; (b) subcutaneously inserting the positioning assembly into a tissue sample to be examined; (c) removing the solid needle from the tissue sample, leaving the hollow tube in place in the tissue; (d) then, inserting an optic probe through the hollow tube into proximity with the tissue sample; (e) optically determining the condition of the tissue sample using the optic probe; (f) after the optically determining step, removing the optic probe from the hollow tube; (g) then, inserting a biopsy needle into the hollow tube; (h) then, excising at least a portion of the tissue sample; and (i) then, removing the biopsy needle and the excised tissue sample from the hollow tube.

    摘要翻译： 检查身体器官内皮下组织的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供包括实心针和中空管的光学探针定位组件，所述实心针被套在中空管内; （b）将定位组件皮下插入待检查的组织样品中; （c）从组织样品中取出固体针，将中空管置于组织中的适当位置; （d）然后，将光学探针通过中空管插入到组织样本附近; （e）使用所述光学探针光学确定所述组织样品的状况; （f）在光学测定步骤之后，从中空管中去除光学探针; （g）然后将活检针插入中空管中; （h）然后切除组织样品的至少一部分; 和（i）然后从中空管中去除活检针和切除的组织样品。