公开(公告)号：US20050056776A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-17

申请号：US10862304

申请日：2004-06-07

申请人： Ross Willoughby ,  Edward Sheehan ,  Craig Whitehouse

发明人： Ross Willoughby ,  Edward Sheehan ,  Craig Whitehouse

IPC分类号： H01J49/00

CPC分类号： H01J49/164 ,  H01J49/06

摘要： Atmospheric pressure, intermediate pressure and vacuum laser desorption ionization methods and ion sources are configured to increase ionization efficiency and the efficiency of transmitting ions to a mass to charge analyzer or ion mobility analyzer. An electric field is applied in the region of a sample target to accumulate ions generated from a local ion source on a solid or liquid phase sample prior to applying a laser desorption pulse. The electric field is changed just prior to or during the desorption laser pulse to promote the desorption of charged species and improve the ionization efficiency of desorbed sample species. After a delay, the electric field may be further changed to optimize focusing and transmission of ions into a mass spectrometer or ion mobility analyzer. Charged species may also be added to the region of the laser desorbed sample plume to promote ion-molecule reactions between the added ions and desorbed neutral sample species, increasing desorbed sample ionization efficiency and/or creating desired product ion species. The cycling of electric field changes is repeated in a timed sequence with one or more desorption laser pulse occurring per electric field change cycle. Embodiments of the invention comprise atmospheric pressure, intermediate pressure and vacuum pressure laser desorption ionization source methods and devices for increasing the analytical flexibility and improving the sensitivity of mass spectrometric analysis.

摘要翻译： 大气压力，中压和真空激光解吸电离方法和离子源被配置为增加电离效率和将离子传输到质量计量分析器或离子迁移率分析仪的效率。 在样品靶的区域内施加电场，以在施加激光解吸脉冲之前，在固相或液相样品上积聚从局部离子源产生的离子。 电场在解吸激光脉冲之前或期间改变，以促进带电物质的解吸附并提高解吸样品的离子化效率。 延迟后，可以进一步改变电场以优化离子聚焦和传输到质谱仪或离子迁移率分析仪中。 带电物质也可以加入到激光解吸样品羽流的区域中，以促进添加的离子和解吸的中性样品物质之间的离子 - 分子反应，增加解吸的样品电离效率和/或产生所需的产物离子种类。 以定时序列重复电场变化的循环，每个电场变化周期发生一个或多个解吸激光脉冲。 本发明的实施例包括大气压力，中压和真空压力激光解吸电离源的方法和装置，用于增加分析灵活性并提高质谱分析的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US20060255261A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-16

申请号：US11396968

申请日：2006-04-03

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

IPC分类号： H01J49/00 ,  B01D59/44

CPC分类号： H01J49/165 ,  H01J49/0431 ,  H01J49/107 ,  H01J49/168 ,  H01J49/26

摘要： A multiple function atmospheric pressure ion source interfaced to a mass spectrometer comprises multiple liquid inlet probes configured such that the sprays from two or more probes intersect in a mixing region. Gas phase sample ions or neutral species generated in the spray of one probe can react with reagent gas ions generated from one or more other probes by such ionization methods as Electrospray, photoionization, corona discharge and glow discharge ionization. Reagent ions may be optimally selected to promote such processes as Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization of neutral sample molecules, or charge reduction or electron transfer dissociation of multiply charged sample ions. Selected neutral reagent species can also be introduced into the mixing region to promote charge reduction of multiply charged sample ions through ion-neutral reactions. Different operating modes can be performed alternately or simultaneously, and can be rapidly turned on and off under manual or software control.

摘要翻译： 与质谱仪接口的多功能大气压离子源包括多个液体入口探针，其配置成使得来自两个或更多个探针的喷雾在混合区域相交。 在一个探针的喷雾中产生的气相样品离子或中性物质可以通过诸如电喷雾，光离子化，电晕放电和辉光放电电离的电离方法与从一个或多个其它探针产生的反应气体离子反应。 可以最佳地选择试剂离子以促进诸如中性样品分子的大气压化学电离或多电荷样品离子的电荷还原或电子转移离解的过程。 还可以将选定的中性试剂物质引入混合区域，以通过离子 - 中性反应促进多电荷样品离子的电荷还原。 可以交替或同时执行不同的操作模式，并且可以在手动或软件控制下快速打开和关闭。

公开(公告)号：US20100096542A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-22

申请号：US12368712

申请日：2009-02-10

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

IPC分类号： H01J49/26 ,  H01T19/04 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/10

CPC分类号： H01J49/165 ,  H01J49/0431 ,  H01J49/107 ,  H01J49/168 ,  H01J49/26

摘要： A multiple function atmospheric pressure ion source interfaced to a mass spectrometer comprises multiple liquid inlet probes configured such that the sprays from two or more probes intersect in a mixing region. Gas phase sample ions or neutral species generated in the spray of one probe can react with reagent gas ions generated from one or more other probes by such ionization methods as Electrospray, photoionization, corona discharge and glow discharge ionization. Reagent ions may be optimally selected to promote such processes as Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization of neutral sample molecules, or charge reduction or electron transfer dissociation of multiply charged sample ions. Selected neutral reagent species can also be introduced into the mixing region to promote charge reduction of multiply charged sample ions through ion-neutral reactions. Different operating modes can be performed alternately or simultaneously, and can be rapidly turned on and off under manual or software control.

摘要翻译： 与质谱仪接口的多功能大气压离子源包括多个液体入口探针，其配置成使得来自两个或更多个探针的喷雾在混合区域相交。 在一个探针的喷雾中产生的气相样品离子或中性物质可以通过诸如电喷雾，光离子化，电晕放电和辉光放电电离的电离方法与从一个或多个其它探针产生的反应气体离子反应。 可以最佳地选择试剂离子以促进诸如中性样品分子的大气压化学电离或多电荷样品离子的电荷还原或电子转移离解的过程。 还可以将选定的中性试剂物质引入混合区域，以通过离子 - 中性反应促进多电荷样品离子的电荷还原。 可以交替或同时执行不同的操作模式，并且可以在手动或软件控制下快速打开和关闭。

公开(公告)号：US20110309243A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-22

申请号：US13218800

申请日：2011-08-26

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

IPC分类号： H01J49/10 ,  H01J49/26

CPC分类号： H01J49/165 ,  H01J49/0431 ,  H01J49/107 ,  H01J49/168 ,  H01J49/26

摘要： An apparatus for generating ions includes an Electrospray ionization source configured to provide a spray of charged droplets from a sample solution during operation of the apparatus; an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source including a corona discharge needle configured to produce a corona discharge that further ionizes the spray during operation of the apparatus; and a gas delivery system configured to deliver a gas flow to the corona discharge needle during operation of the apparatus, wherein the gas flow comprises a reagent ion gas which facilitates ionization of the spray by the corona discharge.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生离子的装置包括：电喷雾离子化源，其构造成在装置运行期间提供来自样品溶液的带电液滴的喷雾; 包括电晕放电针的大气压化学电离源（APCI），其被配置为产生电晕放电，所述电晕放电在所述装置的操作期间进一步电离所述喷雾; 以及气体输送系统，其构造成在所述装置的操作期间将气流输送到所述电晕放电针，其中所述气流包括试剂离子气体，所述试剂离子气体有助于所述电晕放电引起所述喷雾的离子化。

公开(公告)号：US08080783B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-20

申请号：US12368712

申请日：2009-02-10

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Thomas White ,  Ross Willoughby ,  Ed Sheehan

IPC分类号： H01J49/00

CPC分类号： H01J49/165 ,  H01J49/0431 ,  H01J49/107 ,  H01J49/168 ,  H01J49/26

摘要： A multiple function atmospheric pressure ion source interfaced to a mass spectrometer comprises multiple liquid inlet probes configured such that the sprays from two or more probes intersect in a mixing region. Gas phase sample ions or neutral species generated in the spray of one probe can react with reagent gas ions generated from one or more other probes by such ionization methods as Electrospray, photoionization, corona discharge and glow discharge ionization. Reagent ions may be optimally selected to promote such processes as Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization of neutral sample molecules, or charge reduction or electron transfer dissociation of multiply charged sample ions. Selected neutral reagent species can also be introduced into the mixing region to promote charge reduction of multiply charged sample ions through ion-neutral reactions. Different operating modes can be performed alternately or simultaneously, and can be rapidly turned on and off under manual or software control.

摘要翻译： 与质谱仪接口的多功能大气压离子源包括多个液体入口探针，其配置成使得来自两个或更多个探针的喷雾在混合区域相交。 在一个探针的喷雾中产生的气相样品离子或中性物质可以通过诸如电喷雾，光离子化，电晕放电和辉光放电电离的电离方法与从一个或多个其它探针产生的反应气体离子反应。 可以最佳地选择试剂离子以促进诸如中性样品分子的大气压化学电离或多电荷样品离子的电荷还原或电子转移离解的过程。 还可以将选定的中性试剂物质引入混合区域，以通过离子 - 中性反应促进多电荷样品离子的电荷还原。 可以交替或同时执行不同的操作模式，并且可以在手动或软件控制下快速打开和关闭。

公开(公告)号：US20050258364A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-24

申请号：US11133724

申请日：2005-05-20

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  David Welkie ,  Lisa Cousins

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  David Welkie ,  Lisa Cousins

IPC分类号： H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/10 ,  H01J49/16 ,  H01J49/40 ,  H01J49/42

CPC分类号： H01J49/42 ,  H01J49/062

摘要： Apparatus and methods are provided for trapping, manipulation and transferring ions along RF and DC potential surfaces and through RF ion guides. Potential wells are formed near RF-field generating surfaces due to the overlap of the radio-frequency (RF) fields and electrostatic fields created by static potentials applied to surrounding electrodes. Ions can be constrained and accumulated over time in such wells. During confinement, ions may be subjected to various processes, such as accumulation, fragmentation, collisional cooling, focusing, mass-to-charge filtering, spatial separation ion mobility and chemical interactions, leading to improved performance in subsequent processing and analysis steps, such as mass analysis. Alternatively, the motion of ions may be better manipulated during confinement to improve the efficiency of their transport to specific locations, such as an entrance aperture into vacuum from atmospheric pressure or into a subsequent vacuum stage.

摘要翻译： 提供了设备和方法，用于沿着RF和DC电势表面以及通过RF离子导向器捕获，操纵和转移离子。 由于射频（RF）场和施加到周围电极的静电势产生的静电场的重叠，在RF场产生表面附近形成潜在的阱。 这些井中的离子可以随着时间的推移而受到约束和积累。 在限制期间，离子可以经历各种过程，例如累积，碎裂，碰撞冷却，聚焦，质量 - 电荷过滤，空间分离离子迁移和化学相互作用，导致后续处理和分析步骤中的改进的性能，例如 质量分析。 或者，可以在限制期间更好地操作离子的运动，以提高其运送到特定位置的效率，例如从大气压进入真空的入口孔或进入随后的真空级。

公开(公告)号：US6020586A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US971521

申请日：1997-11-17

申请人： Thomas Dresch ,  Erol E. Gulcicek ,  Craig Whitehouse

发明人： Thomas Dresch ,  Erol E. Gulcicek ,  Craig Whitehouse

IPC分类号： G01N27/62 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/06 ,  H01J49/40

CPC分类号： H01J49/401 ,  H01J49/004 ,  H01J49/063

摘要： A method and an apparatus which combines at least one linear two dimensional ion guide or a two dimensional ion storage device in tandem with a time-of-flight mass analyzer to analyze ionic chemical species generated by an ion source. The method improves the duty cycle, and therefore, the overall instrument sensitivity with respect to the analyzed chemical species.

摘要翻译： 将至少一个线性二维离子导向器或二维离子存储装置与飞行时间质量分析器串联组合以分析由离子源产生的离子化学物质的方法和装置。 该方法提高了相对于分析的化学物质的占空比，因此提高了仪器的整体灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US20090294660A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-03

申请号：US12474379

申请日：2009-05-29

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Victor Laiko

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Victor Laiko

IPC分类号： H01J49/26

CPC分类号： H01J49/145 ,  H01J49/045 ,  H01J49/168

摘要： An Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) source interfaced to a mass spectrometer is configured with a corona discharge needle positioned inside the APCI inlet probe assembly. Liquid sample flowing into the APCI inlet probe is nebulized and vaporized prior to passing through the corona discharge region all contained in the APCI inlet probe assembly Ions produced in the corona discharge region are focused toward the APCI probe centerline to maximize ion transmission through the APCI probe exit. External electric fields penetrating into the APCI probe exit end opening providing additional centerline focusing of sample ions exiting the APCI probe. The APCI probe is configured to shield the electric field from the corona discharge region while allowing penetration of an external electric field to focus APCI generated ions into an orifice into vacuum for mass to charge analysis. Ions that exit the APCI probe are directed only by external electric fields and gas flow maximizing ion transmission into a mass to charge analyzer. The new APCI probe can be configured to operate as a stand alone APCI source inlet probe, as a reagent ion gun for ionizing samples introduced on solids or liquid sample probes or through gas inlets in a multiple function ion source or as the APCI portion of a combination Electrospray and APCI multiple function ion source. Sample ions and gas phase reagent ions are generated in the APCI probe from liquid or gas inlet species or mixtures of both.

摘要翻译： 与质谱仪接口的大气压化学电离（APCI）源配置有位于APCI入口探针组件内部的电晕放电针。 流入APCI入口探针的液体样品在通过包含在APCI入口探针组件中的电晕放电区域之前被雾化和蒸发。 在电晕放电区域产生的离子聚焦到APCI探针中心线，以通过APCI探针出口最大化离子传输。 外部电场穿透到APCI探针出口端开口，提供离开APCI探针的样品离子的附加中心线聚焦。 APCI探针被配置为屏蔽来自电晕放电区域的电场，同时允许穿透外部电场以将APCI产生的离子聚焦到孔中以进行质量电荷分析。 离开APCI探头的离子仅由外部电场和气流引导，将离子传输最大化成质量计量分析仪。 新的APCI探针可以配置为作为独立的APCI源入口探针进行操作，作为用于将固体或液体样品探针上引入的样品或通过多功能离子源中的气体入口电离的样品的反应离子枪或作为 组合电喷雾和APCI多功能离子源。 样品离子和气相试剂离子在APCI探针中从液体或气体入口物质或两者的混合物中产生。

公开(公告)号：US4542293A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-17

申请号：US486642

申请日：1983-04-20

申请人： John B. Fenn ,  Masamichi Yamashita ,  Craig Whitehouse

发明人： John B. Fenn ,  Masamichi Yamashita ,  Craig Whitehouse

IPC分类号： B01D59/44 ,  G01N27/62 ,  H01J37/08 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/10 ,  H05H5/03 ,  H01J49/00

CPC分类号： H01J49/0404 ,  B01D59/44 ,  H01J49/165

摘要： A method of changing the energy of charged particles contained in a gas comprises allowing the gas to flow into a region of reduced pressure through a tube like member so that viscous forces exerted on the charged particles by the flowing gas molecules determine the kinetic energy of the charged particles. A potential gradient is maintained along the length of the tube so that the potential energy of the charged particles is changed as they pass through the tube. At the end of the tube a free jet expansion occurs so that the kinetic energy of the charged particles is no longer determined by the flowing gas, so that they can be accelerated to any desired kinetic energy by means of another potential gradient.The invention can be used to interface any high pressure ion source to a magnetic sector mass spectrometer, or to permit the operation of an electrospray ion source with an earthed inlet capillary with either a quadrupole or a magnetic sector mass spectrometer.

摘要翻译： 改变包含在气体中的带电粒子的能量的方法包括允许气体通过管状部件流入减压区域，使得流动的气体分子施加在带电粒子上的粘性力决定了 带电粒子。 沿着管的长度保持电位梯度，使得带电粒子的势能在它们通过管时被改变。 在管的末端发生自由射流膨胀，使得带电粒子的动能不再由流动的气体决定，从而可以通过另一个电位梯度将其加速到任何所需的动能。 本发明可用于将任何高压离子源连接到磁性部门质谱仪，或允许使用具有四极杆或磁性部门质谱仪的接地入口毛细管操作电喷雾离子源。

公开(公告)号：US20120018632A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-26

申请号：US13183693

申请日：2011-07-15

申请人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Victor Laiko

发明人： Craig Whitehouse ,  Victor Laiko

IPC分类号： H01J49/40 ,  H01J27/26 ,  H01J49/26

CPC分类号： H01J49/145 ,  H01J49/045 ,  H01J49/168

摘要： An Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) source interfaced to a mass spectrometer is configured with a corona discharge needle positioned inside the APCI inlet probe assembly. Liquid sample flowing into the APCI inlet probe is nebulized and vaporized prior to passing through the corona discharge region all contained in the APCI inlet probe assembly Ions produced in the corona discharge region are focused toward the APCI probe centerline to maximize ion transmission through the APCI probe exit. External electric fields penetrating into the APCI probe exit end opening providing additional centerline focusing of sample ions exiting the APCI probe. The APCI probe is configured to shield the electric field from the corona discharge region while allowing penetration of an external electric field to focus APCI generated ions into an orifice into vacuum for mass to charge analysis. Ions that exit the APCI probe are directed only by external electric fields and gas flow maximizing ion transmission into a mass to charge analyzer. The new APCI probe can be configured to operate as a stand alone APCI source inlet probe, as a reagent ion gun for ionizing samples introduced on solids or liquid sample probes or through gas inlets in a multiple function ion source or as the APCI portion of a combination Electrospray and APCI multiple function ion source. Sample ions and gas phase reagent ions are generated in the APCI probe from liquid or gas inlet species or mixtures of both.

摘要翻译： 与质谱仪接口的大气压化学电离（APCI）源配置有位于APCI入口探针组件内部的电晕放电针。 流入APCI入口探针的液体样品在通过电晕放电区域之前雾化和蒸发，全部包含在APCI入口探针组件中电晕放电区域中产生的离子将聚焦到APCI探针中心线，以使通过APCI探针的离子传输最大化 出口。 外部电场穿透到APCI探针出口端开口，提供离开APCI探针的样品离子的附加中心线聚焦。 APCI探针被配置为屏蔽来自电晕放电区域的电场，同时允许穿透外部电场以将APCI产生的离子聚焦到孔中以进行质量电荷分析。 离开APCI探头的离子仅由外部电场和气流引导，将离子传输最大化成质量计量分析仪。 新的APCI探针可以配置为作为独立的APCI源入口探针进行操作，作为用于将固体或液体样品探针上引入的样品或通过多功能离子源中的气体入口电离的样品的反应离子枪或作为 组合电喷雾和APCI多功能离子源。 样品离子和气相试剂离子在APCI探针中从液体或气体入口物质或两者的混合物中产生。