摘要:
A process for the preparation of a fluoroiodoalkane represented by the structural formula CF3(CF2)n—I, wherein n is 0 or 1. The process has the step of reacting a source of iodine with a compound represented by the structural formula CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein Y is selected from H, Cl, Br and COOH and wherein n is 0 or 1. The reaction is carried out at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 750° C. and at a pressure from about 0.001 to about 100 atm for a contact time from about 0.001 second to about 300 hours in the presence a catalyst. The catalyst is subject to one or both of the following: (a) treating the catalyst prior to the reaction via contact with a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, trifluoromethane, hydrogen, hydrogen iodide, iodine, fluorine, and oxygen, wherein the contact is carried out at a temperature and for a contact time sufficient to reduce the length of the induction period of the catalyst; and (b) treating the catalyst after the reaction via contact with a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen, fluorine, oxygen, or air at a temperature and for a contact time sufficient to regenerate the catalyst.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a fluoroiodoalkane compound represented by the formula CF3(CF2)n—I, wherein n is 0 or 1. The process includes the step of contacting: (i) a compound represented by the formula CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein Y is selected from H, Cl, Br, and COOH and n is 0 or 1; (ii) a source of iodine; (iii) an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt catalyst supported on a carrier; and (iv) a catalyst promoter for the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt catalyst. The catalyst promoter includes at least one element selected from a transition metal element, a rare earth metal element, a main group element other than the alkali or alkaline earth metal element, any salts thereof, and any combinations thereof. The contacting is carried out at a temperature and pressure and for a length of time sufficient to produce the fluoroiodoalkane compound. The contacting may be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent and in the presence or absence of oxygen.
摘要:
A process for producing hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by the following formula: CF3CHFCHm+1Fn wherein m is 0 or 2; n is 0 or 2; and m+n=2. The process has the step of contacting, i.e., reacting, hydrogen with a precursor compound represented by the following formula: CF3CF═CHmFn wherein m is 0 or 2; n is 0 or 2; and m+n=2. The contact is carried out in the presence of a solid catalyst and in the presence or absence of an inert gas. The catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Cr, Ru, Rh, Ag, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Sn, and any combinations thereof. For the hydrogenation of 1234yf to 254eb, Pd can also be used as catalyst in addition to the other above-referenced metals. These metals are preferably supported on a carrier such as activated carbon.
摘要翻译:由下式表示的氢氟烃化合物的制造方法:CF 3 CHFCHm + 1Fn,其中m为0或2; n为0或2; m + n = 2。 该方法具有使氢与由下式表示的前体化合物接触,即使其反应的步骤:其中m为0或2的CF 3 CF = CH m F n; n为0或2; m + n = 2。 该接触在固体催化剂存在下和在惰性气体存在或不存在下进行。 催化剂选自:Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Cr,Ru,Rh,Ag,Re,Os,Ir,Pt,Au,Sn及其任何组合。 对于1234yf至254eb的氢化,除了其它上述金属之外,Pd也可用作催化剂。 这些金属优选负载在载体如活性炭上。
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a fluoroiodoalkane represented by the structural formula CF3(CF2)n—I, wherein n is 0 or 1. The process has the step of reacting a source of iodine with a compound represented by the structural formula CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein Y is selected from H, Cl, Br and COOH and wherein n is 0 or 1. The reaction is carried out at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 750° C. and at a pressure from about 0.001 to about 100 atm for a contact time from about 0.001 second to about 300 hours in the presence a catalyst. The catalyst is subject to one or both of the following: (a) treating the catalyst prior to the reaction via contact with a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, trifluoromethane, hydrogen, hydrogen iodide, iodine, fluorine, and oxygen, wherein the contact is carried out at a temperature and for a contact time sufficient to reduce the length of the induction period of the catalyst; and (b) treating the catalyst after the reaction via contact with a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen, fluorine, oxygen, or air at a temperature and for a contact time sufficient to regenerate the catalyst.
摘要:
A process for producing hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by the following formula: CF3CHFCHm+1Fn wherein m is 0 or 2; n is 0 or 2; and m+n=2. The process has the step of contacting, i.e., reacting, hydrogen with a precursor compound represented by the following formula: CF3CF═CHmFn wherein m is 0 or 2; n is 0 or 2; and m+n=2. The contact is carried out in the presence of a solid catalyst and in the presence or absence of an inert gas. The catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Cr, Ru, Rh, Ag, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Sn, and any combinations thereof. For the hydrogenation of 1234yf to 254eb, Pd can also be used as catalyst in addition to the other above-referenced metals. These metals are preferably supported on a carrier such as activated carbon.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a fluoroiodoalkane compound represented by the formula CF3(CF2)n—I, wherein n is 0 or 1. The process includes the step of contacting: (i) a compound represented by the formula CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein Y is selected from H, Cl, Br, and COOH and n is 0 or 1; (ii) a source of iodine; (iii) an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt catalyst supported on a carrier; and (iv) a catalyst promoter for the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt catalyst. The catalyst promoter includes at least one element selected from a transition metal element, a rare earth metal element, a main group element other than the alkali or alkaline earth metal element, any salts thereof, and any combinations thereof. The contacting is carried out at a temperature and pressure and for a length of time sufficient to produce the fluoroiodoalkane compound. The contacting may be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent and in the presence or absence of oxygen.
摘要:
A process for preparing a slurry catalyst is provided. The slurry catalyst is prepared from at least a Group VIB metal precursor and optionally at least a Promoter metal precursor selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA metals and combinations thereof. The slurry catalyst comprises a plurality of dispersed particles in a hydrocarbon medium having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 300 μm. The slurry catalyst is then mixed with a hydrogen feed at a pressure from 1435 psig (10 MPa) to 3610 psig (25 MPa) and a temperature from 200-800° F. at 500 to 15,000 scf hydrogen per bbl of slurry catalyst for a minute to 20 hours, for the slurry catalyst to be saturated with hydrogen providing an increase of k-values in terms of HDS, HDN, and HDMCR of at least 15% compared to a slurry catalyst that is not saturated with hydrogen.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a fluoroiodoalkane compound represented by the formula: CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein n is 0 or 1. The process includes contacting A, B and C. A is represented by the formula: CF3(CF2)n—Y, wherein n is 0 or 1, and Y is selected from the group consisting of: H, Cl, Br, and COOH. B is a source of iodine, and C is a catalyst containing elements with d1s1 configuration and lanthanide elements. The process occurs at a temperature, and for a contact time, sufficient to produce the fluoroiodoalkane compound.
摘要:
An improved process for preparing a slurry catalyst for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock is provided. In the process, high shear mixing is employed to generate an emulsion containing droplets of metal precursor in oil with droplet sizes ranging from 0.1 to 300 μm. The emulsion is subsequently sulfided with a sulfiding agent, or in-situ in a heavy oil feedstock to form a slurry catalyst. The in-situ sulfidation in heavy oil is under sufficient condition for the heavy oil feedstock to generate the sulfiding source needed for the sulfidation.
摘要:
A method for preparing an improved slurry catalyst for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock is provided. In one embodiment, the process comprises: sulfiding at least a metal precursor solution with at least a sulfiding agent forming a sulfided Group VIB catalyst precursor, the metal precursor solution having a pH of at least 4 and a concentration of less than 10 wt. % of Primary metal in solution; and mixing the catalyst precursor with a hydrocarbon diluent to form the slurry catalyst composition. The slurry catalyst prepared therefrom has a BET total surface area of at least 100 m2/g, a total pore volume of at least 0.5 cc/g and a polymodal pore distribution with at least 80% of pore sizes in the range of 5 to 2,000 Angstroms in diameter.