公开(公告)号：US06530059B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09324812

申请日：1999-06-01

申请人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

发明人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

IPC分类号： H03M1303

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/275 ,  H03M13/2771 ,  H03M13/2957

摘要： A method of creating tail-biting recursive systematic convolutional and turbo codes, and the associated encoders, are described herein. According to the method, symbols from the set of data to be transmitted are used to preset the starting state of the encoder, and are replaced in a systematic set by an equivalent number of tail-biting symbols that force the ending state of the encoder to be the same as the starting state. The presetting of the starting state allows for simpler calculations in choosing the tail-biting symbols, and allows a message to be transmitted with a reduced number of symbols The reduction in the number of symbols used for overhead in this invention provides an increase in the data transmission rate.

摘要翻译： 本文描述了一种创建尾巴递归系统卷积和turbo码的方法以及相关联的编码器。 根据该方法，使用要发送的数据集合中的符号来预设编码器的开始状态，并且通过等效数量的尾随符号在系统集合中替换，这些符号迫使编码器的结束状态 与起始状态相同。 启动状态的预设允许在选择尾部符号时进行更简单的计算，并且允许以减少的符号数发送消息。本发明中用于开销的符号数量的减少提供了数据的增加 传输速率。

公开(公告)号：US06460161B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-01

申请号：US09324428

申请日：1999-06-01

申请人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt

发明人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt

IPC分类号： H03M1341

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/275 ,  H03M13/2771 ,  H03M13/2957

摘要： A simplified method of history handling for the Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes is described herein. The state number, or one or more of the most-significant bits of the state number, is loaded into the corresponding state history. Each state number represents the sequence of data bits that, in convolutional encoding, would give rise to the corresponding state. The most recent data bit provides the least significant bit of the state number. This invention reduces the processing requirements associated with the handling of the history, and is especially useful for decoder implementations using general-purpose processors.

摘要翻译： 本文描述了用于卷积码维特比解码的历史处理的简化方法。 状态号或状态号的一个或多个最高有效位被加载到相应的状态历史中。 每个状态数表示在卷积编码中将产生相应状态的数据比特序列。 最新的数据位提供状态数的最低有效位。 本发明减少了与历史的处理相关联的处理要求，并且对于使用通用处理器的解码器实现特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US06339834B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

申请号：US09320934

申请日：1999-05-27

申请人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

发明人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

IPC分类号： H03M1327

CPC分类号： H03M13/275 ,  H03M13/276 ,  H03M13/2771

摘要： Interleavers based on golden-section increments are disclosed for use with Turbo and Turbo-like error-correcting codes. The interleavers have a tendency to maximally spread the error-bursts generated by an error-burst channel or decoder, independent of the error-burst length. The code block size uniquely defines a golden section increment without having to perform a time consuming search for the best increment value. The disclosed embodiments include golden relative prime interleavers, golden vector interleavers and dithered golden vector interleavers. Also disclosed are methods to reduce the size of memory required for storing the interleaving indexes.

摘要翻译： 公开了基于黄金分段增量的交织器，用于与Turbo和Turbo类似的纠错码。 交织器具有最大限度地扩展由错误突发信道或解码器产生的错误突发的倾向，与错误突发长度无关。 码块大小唯一地定义了黄金段增量，而不必对最佳增量值执行耗时的搜索。 所公开的实施例包括黄金相关素数交织器，黄金矢量交织器和抖动的黄金矢量交织器。 还公开了减少存储交织索引所需的存储器大小的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06510536B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09324429

申请日：1999-06-01

申请人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Ken Gracie ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

发明人： Stewart N. Crozier ,  Ken Gracie ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge ,  Paul Guinand

IPC分类号： H03M1341

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/275 ,  H03M13/2771 ,  H03M13/2957

摘要： Methods of reduced-complexity max-log-APP processing are disclosed for use with Turbo and Turbo-like decoders. The invented methods of decoding are derived from max-log-APP processing and significantly lower the processing required for decoding convolutional codes by eliminating a portion of the calculations conventionally associated with max-log-APP processing. The disclosed embodiments provide simplified methods of metric combining based on determining the bits of an MLSE sequence with different alternative approaches. Also disclosed is an early stopping method that uses the reduced-complexity max-log-APP decoder to reduce the average number of decoding operations required by an iterative Turbo decoder.

摘要翻译： 公开了与Turbo和Turbo样解码器一起使用的降低复杂度的max-log-APP处理的方法。 本发明的解码方法是从max-log-APP处理得出的，并且通过消除常规与max-log-APP处理相关联的一部分计算，显着地降低了对卷积码进行解码所需的处理。 所公开的实施例提供了基于使用不同的替代方法确定MLSE序列的位的度量组合的简化方法。 还公开了一种早期停止方法，其使用降低复杂度的max-log-APP解码器来减少迭代Turbo解码器所需的解码操作的平均数量。

公开(公告)号：US06994167B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US09949233

申请日：2001-09-08

申请人： Rogerio Tadeu Ramos ,  Christian Besson ,  Andrew Hunt

发明人： Rogerio Tadeu Ramos ,  Christian Besson ,  Andrew Hunt

IPC分类号： E21B28/00 ,  E21B33/14 ,  E21B37/02

CPC分类号： E21B33/14 ,  C04B24/003 ,  C04B24/02 ,  C04B38/00 ,  C04B38/103 ,  C04B40/0295 ,  C09K8/46 ,  C09K8/473 ,  E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/06 ,  C04B2103/0086 ,  C04B2103/20 ,  C04B28/02 ,  C04B40/0021

摘要： The invention describes a method of cement lining a wellbore to enable a fixed sensor internal of the lining to sense characteristics of the external formations surrounding the wellbore using, at the region of the sensor position, a permeability changing device before completion of setting of the cement to create, in use, a permanent fluid communication through the cement lining between the external formation and the sensor.

摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种水泥衬砌井筒的方法，以使衬里内部的固定传感器能够在完成凝结水泥之前，在传感器位置的传感器位置的区域处感测围绕井眼的外部地层的特性 在使用中产生通过外部地层和传感器之间的水泥衬里的永久性流体连通。

公开(公告)号：US06718508B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

申请号：US09864253

申请日：2001-05-25

申请人： John Lodge ,  Andrew Hunt ,  Paul Guinand

发明人： John Lodge ,  Andrew Hunt ,  Paul Guinand

IPC分类号： H03M1300

CPC分类号： H03M13/2742 ,  H03M13/2721

摘要： A method for generating new forward error correction codes, called skew codes, for the reliable transmission of data in noisy channels is disclosed. The method involves adding additional sets of parity equations across the third dimension of a cubic array of bits. The parity equations are applied to the cubic array such that the rectangular patterns of one square array do not match up with a rectangular pattern in another square array. By selecting skew mapping parameters of the parity equations from a set of quadratic residues of prime numbers according to specific design rules, the resulting codes are well suited to low-complexity high-speed iterative decoding, and have error correction performance and error detection capability, particularly for applications requiring high code rates. An improved decoding method for decoding skew codes and any code that is defined by a set of sum-to-identity parity equations initially decoded using an algorithm that provides confidence values on all the symbols at every symbol time is also disclosed. Generally, the improved decoding method will make hard decisions based upon the soft decisions passed from the failed iterative decoding system to provide a valid code word, through manipulation of the parity check matrix and reduction of its columns and rows.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生用于在噪声信道中可靠地传输数据的新的前向纠错码（称为偏移码）的方法。 该方法包括在立方体位数列的第三维上添加额外的奇偶校验方程组。 将奇偶校验方程式应用于立方体阵列，使得一个正方形阵列的矩形图案与另一个正方形阵列中的矩形图案不匹配。 通过根据具体设计规则从素数的二次残差集中选择奇偶校验方程的偏斜映射参数，所得到的代码非常适合于低复杂度的高速迭代解码，并具有纠错性能和错误检测能力， 特别适用于需要高码率的应用。 还公开了一种用于对偏斜码进行解码的改进的解码方法，以及由使用在每个符号时刻在所有符号上提供置信度的算法最初解码的一对和 - 一致奇偶校验方程组所定义的任何代码。 通常，改进的解码方法将基于从故障迭代解码系统传递的软判决来做出硬判决，以通过操纵奇偶校验矩阵和减少其列和行来提供有效的代码字。

公开(公告)号：US5047632A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

申请号：US524246

申请日：1990-05-16

申请人： Andrew Hunt

发明人： Andrew Hunt

IPC分类号： E21B27/02 ,  E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/704 ,  G01F1/708 ,  G01F1/74

CPC分类号： G01F1/704 ,  E21B27/02 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  G01F1/7042 ,  G01F1/708 ,  G01F1/74

摘要： A method for determining at least one dynamic flow characteristic of a multiphase flow circulating in a pipe, the flow being composed of a lighter dispersed-phase and a heavier continuous-phase. A tracer is discharged (or activated) into the flow at a chosen first location in the pipe by mixing (or activating) a portion of the tracer with the continuous-phase therein. The tracer concentration at a chosen second location in the pipe is measured with a detector as a function of time t, so as to obtain a signal S(t). Then a relationship is fitted to the signal S(t) so as to derive the values of the velocity U of the continuous phase and/or of a dispersion coefficient k. The slip velocity v.sub.s of the dispersed phase relative to the velocity of the continuous phase is also advantageously determined. From the values of velocities U and v.sub.s and from the volume fraction y.sub.1 of the continuous phase in the pipe (obtained by an ancillary measurement), the volumetric flow rates of the continuous and dispersed phases are determined.

公开(公告)号：US6145111A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-07

申请号：US134152

申请日：1998-08-14

申请人： Stewart Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge

发明人： Stewart Crozier ,  Andrew Hunt ,  John Lodge

IPC分类号： G11B20/18 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/39 ,  H03M13/45

CPC分类号： H03M13/3916 ,  G11B20/18 ,  G11B20/1866 ,  H03M13/2717 ,  H03M13/2721 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/2903 ,  H03M13/2906 ,  H03M13/2909 ,  H03M13/2918 ,  H03M13/2933 ,  H03M13/2945 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/658

摘要： A method of encoding data is described herein. According to the method, source data elements are coded using one or more product codes having a common component code. The resulting one or more primary product codewords consist of a plurality of first codewords of the common component code. One or more first sets of codewords of the common component code are assembled such that each of the first sets comprises two or more distinct first codewords forming part of a same primary product codeword. Each of the codewords of each of the first sets is codeword-mapped to a second codeword of the common component code using a one-to-one codeword-mapping. One or more second sets of second codewords are provided, where each second set corresponds to a first set of codewords. The codeword-mapping includes re-ordering, according to a known interleaving pattern, the symbols within a codeword. The codeword-mappings are such that if all of the codewords of a first set are from a same primary product codeword, then some codeword-mappings applied to the codewords of the first set are different, and if two or more repetitions of a same codeword are included in a single first set, then the codeword-mappings applied to those repetitions are different. Each set of second codewords is coded using a systematic code so as to generate a secondary product codeword for a product code having as component codes the common component code and the systematic code. Then, the primary product codewords and the non-systematic portion of the secondary product codewords are provided as encoded output data.

摘要翻译： 本文描述了一种编码数据的方法。 根据该方法，使用具有公共分量代码的一个或多个产品代码对源数据元素进行编码。 所产生的一个或多个主要产品代码字由公共分量代码的多个第一代码字组成。 组合公共分量代码的一个或多个第一组代码字，使得每个第一组包括形成相同主要产品代码字的一部分的两个或更多个不同的第一代码字。 每个第一组的每个码字使用一对一码字映射码字映射到公共分量码的第二码字。 提供了一个或多个第二组第二码字，其中每个第二集合对应于第一组码字。 码字映射包括根据已知的交织模式重新排序码字内的符号。 码字映射使得如果第一集合的所有码字都来自相同的主要产品码字，则应用于第一集合的码字的一些码字映射是不同的，并且如果两个或更多个相同码字的重复 被包括在单个第一集合中，则应用于这些重复的码字映射是不同的。 使用系统代码对每组第二码字进行编码，以便为具有共同分量代码和系统代码的分量代码的产品代码生成二次产品代码字。 然后，作为编码输出数据提供副产品码字的主要产品码字和非系统部分。

公开(公告)号：US4856344A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-15

申请号：US17469

申请日：1987-02-20

申请人： Andrew Hunt

发明人： Andrew Hunt

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/36 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/88 ,  G01N9/26

CPC分类号： G01F1/74 ,  E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/36 ,  G01F1/88 ,  G01N9/26

摘要： A gradiomanometer 1 measures the difference in pressure between points 3 and 4 to indicate density and hence proportions of two phases (e.g. liquid and gas), each of known density flowing as indicated by arrow 6. A venturi meter 2 measures the difference in pressure between points 4 and 5 to indicate flow rate, initially assumed to be that of the heavier phase only. An iterative calculation makes it possible to obtain a density measurement corrected to allow for flow friction and individual flow rates of the two components, having regard to slippage therebetween. A step discontinuity 8 may be provided downstream to create turbulence and render the flow homogenous.

摘要翻译： 梯度仪1测量点3和4之间的压力差，以指示两个相（例如液体和气体）的密度和比例，每个已知密度如箭头6所示流动。文氏管计2测量压力差 点4和5表示流量，最初假定为仅较重的相。 考虑到它们之间的滑动，迭代计算使得可以获得校正为允许两个部件的流动摩擦和单独流量的密度测量。 可以向下游提供台阶不连续8以产生湍流并使流动均匀。

公开(公告)号：US09040120B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-26

申请号：US13204483

申请日：2011-08-05

申请人： Andrew Hunt ,  Yongdong Jiang ,  Kenneth Scott Laverdure ,  Anthony Robert Knoerzer

发明人： Andrew Hunt ,  Yongdong Jiang ,  Kenneth Scott Laverdure ,  Anthony Robert Knoerzer

IPC分类号： C23C16/00 ,  C23C16/40 ,  C23C16/02 ,  C23C16/50 ,  C23C14/02 ,  C23C16/453

CPC分类号： C23C16/40 ,  C23C14/02 ,  C23C16/02 ,  C23C16/0272 ,  C23C16/401 ,  C23C16/402 ,  C23C16/453 ,  C23C16/50

摘要： An inorganic nanolayer surface coated polymer film product is disclosed with enhancements such as improved metallization capability, low cost, low polymer additives and modifiers, improved recyclability, and good web properties. Also method for priming a flexible film substrate to enhance the reactivity or wettability of the substrate for metallization is disclosed. A substrate film is coated with one or more nanolayers of a metal or metal oxide applied by CCVD and/or PECVD at open atmosphere. The deposited coating acts to enhance the surface energy of the film substrate and to and reduce the surface gauge variation of the substrate or supporting film, thereby enhancing the wettability of the film substrate for metallization and/or to improve the anti-block characteristics of the film. The deposited coatings may also act as a barrier layer for lowering the permeability of light, gas and vapor transmission through the substrate.

摘要翻译： 公开了无机纳米层表面涂覆的聚合物膜产品，其具有改进的金属化能力，低成本，低聚合物添加剂和改性剂，改善的可循环性和良好的网性能。 公开了一种用于引发柔性膜基底以提高用于金属化的基底的反应性或润湿性的方法。 在敞开的气氛下，用一个或多个通过CCVD和/或PECVD施加的金属或金属氧化物的纳米层涂覆基底膜。 沉积的涂层用于增强膜基材的表面能，并降低基材或支撑膜的表面规格变化，从而提高用于金属化的膜基材的润湿性和/或改善薄膜基材的抗块特性 电影。 沉积的涂层还可以用作阻挡层，用于降低通过基底的光，气体和蒸气透过率的渗透性。